This paper reports the functional changes of macrophage under the effect of SF1, the first fraction of human semen separated by Sephadex G-100. Two kinds of Balb/c mouse macrophage, i. e. peri toneal macrophage (PEC-M?) and the bone marrow derived macrophage (BM-M?), were treated by SF1 in vivo (i.p. ) and in vitro. It has been proved that SF1 is a potent immunosuppressive fraction; (1) As compared with the control, the phagocytosis of SF1 treated macrophage to SRBC coated with antibody declines significantly in terms of phagocytosis rate and index (p

Exosomes are extracellular nanoparticles secreted by multiple types of cells,which are enriched for some bioactive molecules,such as proteins,messcge RNA(mRNA),micro RNA(miRNA), DNA and lipid. These molecules are documented to be involved in the process of intercellular material exchange and signal communication,thus affecting the function of cells. Also,exosomes are considered to participate in tumor angiogenesis,cancer progression and metastasis,but the mechanism remains obscure. Exosomes are of great value for the diagnosis and treatment of tumor. The correlations between exosomes and tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis as well as their clinical applications are summarized in this review.

Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of treating reflux esophagitis of spleen qi deficiency syndrome byHezhong-Jianpi decoction.Methods 90 patients in October 2012 to March 2014 in the standard of traditional Chinese medicine hospital of Shanghal were randomly divided into a western medicine group (omeprazole), a Chinese medicine group (Hezhong-Jianpi decoction), and a Chinese and western medicine group (Hezhong-Jianpi decoction + omeprazole), 30 cases in each group. All groups were treated for successive 8 weeks and the changes of the symptoms of integral and esophageal mucosa under gastroscope change situation were observed, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results After the treatment, the esophagus gastroscope integral of the western medicine group, the Chinese medicine group and the Chinese and western medicine group were all significantly improved than those before the treatment group (Z value was respectively -4.351, -4.300, -5.143,P<0.01). Total effective rate was 83.3% (25/30) in the western medicine group, 86.7% (26/30) in the Chinese medicine group, and 90.0% (27/30) in the Chinese and western medicine group, the difference among the three groups was statistically significant (χ2=6.800,P=0.030). The difference of symptoms integral of the western medicine, Chinese medicine, and Chinese and western medicine group was statistically significant (Z values are -5.482, -5.991, -6.120, respectively, P<0.01).Comparison between two groups after treatment showed only Chinese traditional medicine group and the Chinese and western medicine group was statistically significant (Z=-2.113,P=0.040). After the treatment, symptoms as heartburn (Z value -3.390, -3.882, -3.666, respectively), the acid regurgitation (Z value -4.850, -5.004, -5.722, respectively), the food regurgitation (Z value -2.791, -3.422, -2.854, respectively) in the three groups improved significantly than those before the treatment (P<0.01); The retrosternal paln improved significantly in the Chinese and western medicine group after the treatment (Z=-0.873,P=0.380). The pharyngeal foreign body sensation or paln symptoms (Z value were -2.382 and -2.724, respectively), belching symptoms (Z value were -5.074 and -5.061, respectively) in the Chinese traditional medicine group and the Chinese and western medicine group significantly improved after the treatment(P<0.05); The abdominal distension (Z value were 2.772 and -2.032, respectively), the abdominal paln (Z value were 2.26 and 2.02, respectively) in the western medicine group and the Chinese and western medicine group were significantly improved (P<0.05). Conclusion Hezhong-Jianpi decoction can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of reflux esophagitis of spleen qi deficiency, and the curative effect is similar to omeprazole. It has advantage for relieving belch and retrosternal paln. The combined therapy was more effective than eitherHezhong-Jianpi or omeprazole, but no difference was showed in the improvement of esophageal gastroscopy.

Objective To explore the cognitive situation of health workers in dealing with public health emergencies. Methods 100 health personnel of infection management in Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College were selected in this study. Self-designed questionnaires according to the Public Health Emergencies Training Norms of Heilongjiang Province were used for relative analysis. Results The total cognition level was 18± 2.23 before training and 22±2.41 aftertraining, showing significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion The effective training could improve cognition level of health personnel and enable them to take effective methods in dealing with public health emergencies, so thus laying a good foundation for the further training.

Objective To investigate the impact of palliative radiotherapy to the prognosis of patients with stage Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods Two hundred and forty-four cases of stage Ⅳ NSCLC were collected from our hospital.The study group (n =129) received the treatment of primary tumor and metastases palliative radiotherapy after chemotherapy.The control group (n =115) received only chemotherapy.Followed-up and compared 1-year and 2-year survival rate of the patients,and explored the factors affecting palliative radiotherapy.Results The 129 patients in the study group were followed up for 2 years,and 16 patients survived and 110 patients died.Three patients were lost to follow-up.The median survival time was 8 months.1-year and 2-year survival rates was 29.46％ (38/129) and 12.40％ (16/129) respectively.In the control group,7 patients survived,and 106 patients died.Two patients were lost to follow up.The median survival time was 6 months.1-year and 2-year survival rates was 11.30％ (13/115) and 6.09％ (7/115)respectively.Survival rates between the two groups were significantly different (x2 =8.451,P =0.014)Univariate regression analysis found that factors affecting the prognosis of stage Ⅳ NSCLC were KPS score (x2 =5.057,P =0.031),occurrence of brain metastases (x2 =4.781,P =0.029),number of organs of metastasis (x2 =6.341,P =0.010),and the primary stove radiotherapy dose (x2 =5.893,P =0.015) ; Cox regression model analysis showed that the number of organs of metastasis (HR =1.719,95％ CI 为 1.172-3.126,P =0.008),the primary focal radiotherapy dose (HR =1.560,95％ CI 为 1.082-2.761,P =0.022) were independent prognostic factors.Conclusion Palliative radiotherapy plays a role of prolonging survival time in the treatment of Ⅳ NSCLC.In palliative radiotherapy,we should pay attention to the control of the primary tumor and metastases radiotherapy dose,therefore prolonging the survival time of patients.

Objective To study the transformation mechanism of triterpenes in processing of Alisma orientalis. Methods The triterpene transformations of A. orientalis pre and post-processing were comparatively analyzed by techniques of HPLC and Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC). Results In baked processing (70 ℃) of A. orientalis, little alisol B 23-acetate was transformed into alisol A 24-acetate and alisol B.However, more alisol B 23-acetate was transformed into alisol A 24-acetate and alisol B, then both of them were further transformed into alisol A in processing under high temperature (160-200 ℃). Conclusion Transformation of alisol B 23-acetate has two routes when A. orientalis is processed under high temperature: For one, alisol B 23-acetate is rearranged into alisol A 24-acetate which could be deacetylated into alisol A; for the other; it is deacetylated into alisol B first, then transformed into alisol A.

Objective To investigate the application effects of quantitative and qualitative fecal occult blood (FOB) reagent in colorectal cancer screening.Methods With the platform of colorectal cancer screening for early diagnosis and treatment,the original screening methods and process were not changed,individuals underwent colorectal cancer screening,aged from 40 to 74 years old,from four villages of Haining City in Zhejiang Province were selected as study objects.Initial screening included medical history questionnaire and FOB test.The first stool samples were examined both with quantitative and qualitative FOB test,one week later the second samples were detected with qualitative FOB test.History positive or once of any type of reagent positive was considered as initial screening positive.The individuals with initial screening positive received fine screening (colon endoscope examination).The effects evaluation included the positive rate of FOB,intestinal lesion detection rate,sensitivity,specificity and Youden index.The health economic analysis was calculated.Chi-square test was performed for comparisons between the two groups.Results A total of 8 427 history survey were completed,the positive rate of history was 8.48％(715/8 427) ; 6 644 underwent quantitative detection of FOB and the positive rate was 4.44 ％ (295/6 644) ; qulitative test was conducted in 12 633 samples were conducted and the positive rate was 2.56 ％ (324/12 633),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =49.27,P＜ 0.01).A total of 854 individuals with initial screening positive underwent electronic colonoscopy examination,the total intestinal lesion detection rate was 22.72％ (194/854),of which the intestinal lesion detection rate of quantitative group was 34.55％ (66/191),and that of qualitative group was 17.73％ (36/203),the difference was statistically significant (x2 =14.53,P＜0.01).The detection rate of both quantitative and qualitative test positive was 43.75 ％ (14/32).The colorectal cancer detection rates of quantitative and qualitative FOB test were 3.66％ (7/191) and 0.99％ (2/203),advanced adenoma detection rates were 8.38 ％ (16/191) and 5.91％,there were no significant differences (x2 =2.08 and 0.96,both P＞0.05).The sensitivity of quantitative and qualitative FOB test in advanced adenoma and cancer detection rate was 45.10％ and 27.45％,respectively.The average cost of quantitative and qualitative FOB test in intestinal lesions detection was 5 874.50 and 1 432.14 yuan.Conclusion The effects of quantitative FOB test in colorectal cancer screening was better than that of qualitative reagent,however on the cost of screening,the former was 4.10 times of the latter.

Objective To summarize clinical features and explore diagnosis and treatment of femoral intercondylar notch non-bony impingement syndrome. Methods 15 patients of femoral intercondylar notch non-bony impingement syndrome were identified during arthroscopic operation of 115 patients (120 knees) with restricted knee joint extention during Oct 2004 to Dec 2007. Among these 15 patients, there were 3 cases of Bucket Handle Tear(BHT), 1 case of ACL's cyst, 3 cases of ACL tibial avulsion injury, 3 cases of synovial incarceration, and 5 cases of synovial chondroma. 9 patients were diagnosed by MRJ and 2 by X-ray before operation. All 15 patients were confirmed under arthroscopy. Results 15 patients( 15 knees) were operated and followed up for a period of 4～24 months, mean 13 months. Mean Lysholm score was 65(range, 41～75) before operation and 89(range, 75～100) after operation. Joint extension restrict was 5～25 degrees (mean 8.1 degree) before operation and 0 degree after operation. Conclusion Arthroscopy could accurately diagnose femoral Intercondylar notch non-bony impingement syndrome. Pre-operation MRI was helpful for diagnosis. If MRI and X-ray showed negative findings, diagnostic arthroscopic examination could be applied. Good subjective and objective effects could be achieved with arthroscopic operation.

Effects of six kinds of Chinese herb extracts, including Folium Crataegi extract, Herba Epimedii extract, Folium Acanthopanacis Senticosi extract, Trifolium pratense L. extract, Folium Ginkgo extract and Radix Puerariae extract, on the activities of CYP450 isozymes (CYP1A2, CYP2C, CYP2E1, CYP2D, CYP3A) in rat hepatic microsomals were studied by using a UPLC-MS/MS (MRM) and cocktail probe substrates method. The results showed that effects of six kinds of Chinese herb extracts on each CYP450 isozyme activity were inhibitory. The IC50 of Folium Crataegi extract for the inhibition of rat microsomal CYP2D activity was only for 4.04 microg x mL(-1), which showed the highest inhibition; Trifolium pratense L. extract had strong inhibitory action to CYP2D, the IC50 value was 5.73 microg x mL(-1); Folium Crataegi extract also had strong inhibitory action on CYP2E1, the IC50 value was 10.91 microg x mL(-1). Furthermore, the IC50 of Folium Ginkgo extract for the inhibition of rat microsomal CYP3A, 2D, 2E1 activities were 45.12, 35.45 and 22.41 microg x mL(-1), respectively, and the IC50 of Folium Acanthopanacis Senticosi extract on the inhibition of rat microsomal CYP2E1 activity was 32.89 microg x mL(-1). In addition, mechanism of inhibition experimental results showed that the inhibiting abilities of Folium Crataegi extract and Radix Puerariae extract on each CYP450 isozyme increased with the increasing of the preincubation time, therefore, the inhibitory effects were a mechanism-based inhibition.

Objective To apply the techniques of CAD/CAM in the repair of defects and correction of deformity on the jaw bones so as to improve the accuracy and controllability of operations.Methods With CAD techniques,3D bone model was reconstructed based on CT images.Then,a repairing model was created with mirror operation on original model.The physical models of original model and repairing model were fabricated through rapid prototyping.Based on physical models,operation plan and model surgery with pre-forming plate could be designed.Results The designed operation plan and pre-forming plate techniques of CAD/CAM were successfully applied in eight patients,with satisfactory results.Conclusions With techniques of CAD/CAM,reconstructing and fabricating the original bone model and mirror repair model are very helpful for designing operation plan for maxillofacial surgery.It also can improve the surgery accuracy and save operation time obviously.