Purpose:To study the expression and clinical significance of nm23 protein in human breast carcinoma.Methods:The expression of nm23 were detected by immunohistochemical S P methods in tissue samples from 65 cases of breast carcinoma with full follow up .Their prognostic value was analyzed by Cox regression model.Results:Positive expression of nm23 was 55.4% in the 65 breast carcinoma specimens. In the total number of patients, the 5 year overall survival rate(OS) and disease free survival rate(DFS) were 63.1% and 52.3%,respectively. Expression of nm23 was negatively associated with distant metastasis( P =0.0003) and positively with DFS and OS( P =0.0034, P =0.0001). In both monovariate Kaplan Meier plot and multivariate Cox regression analysis, the axillary lymph node status and expression of nm23 were two important prognostic factors of breast carcinoma. The hazard ratios of axillary lymph node status and expression of nm23 were 3.1046 and 0.3704, respectively. Conclusions:In breast carcinoma, secondary to the axillary lymph node status, the expression of nm23 could be an independent prognosticator, which would be helpful in selecting the high risk cases for further treatment.

Objective To observe the expression of GATA-3 and IL-13 in mice with radiationinduced lung fibrosis,and to study the function of GATA-3.Methods A total of 63 C57BL/6 female mice were randomly into 2 groups,including 21 mice in control group and 42 mice in irradiated group.The thoraces of mice in irradiated group were exposed with 12 Gy of X-rays.All the mice were sacrificed at 1 h,and 1,2,4,8,16 and 24 weeks post-irradiation.The lung issues were stained by using HE and Masson methods to determine the histological changes.The expression of IL-13 in serum,and the expression of hydroxyproline and the mRNA and protein of GATA-3 in lung tissue were assayed.Results Compared with control group,there was a significant histological and pathologic change in irradiated group.The content of hydroxyproline in irradiated group was significantly higher than that in control group( Z =3.14,P ＜0.05).The expressions of GATA-3 and IL-13 were found in mice post-irradiation.Without causing conspicuous fibrotic pathological changes,there was a significantly elevated expression of Th2-specific transcription factor GATA-3 mRNA at 1 and 2 weeks post-irradiation ( t =6.50,6.33,P ＜ 0.01 ),while the expression of IL-13 reached the maximal value in serum at 16 weeks post-irradiation( t =32.21,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions GATA-3 might play a role in promoting radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis by upregulation of expression of Th2 cytokine IL-13.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of telomerase in the diagnosis of lung cancerusing SROC curve method.Methods Looking“telomerase”and“lung cancer”as keywords,retrieving journalspublished within past 20 years in order to incorporate into literatures and to collect data .To conduct the SROC analysisusing Meta -DiSc 1.4 software.Results 1.Twenty -two documents were sampled as tissue specimensand the heterogeneity was relatively large (P =0.017).To analyze the data with random effective models ,thecombined sensitivity and specificity were 0.788(0.761 -0.814)and 0.955(0.936 -0.969),respectively.TheSROC AUC area under the curve was 0.9515,SE(AUC) =0.0145.2.There was no heterogeneity(P =0.633)amongthe 10 lavaged literatures.By use of fixed effects model for data analysis ,the combined sensitivity and specificitywere 0.777(0.734 -0.816) and 0.922(0.888 -0.948),and SROC AUC area under the curve was0.9369,SE(AUC) =0.0141.Conclusion Telomerase is a ideal tumor marker,and the detection of telomeraseactivity in lavage fluid is stable and accurate in clinical diagnosis .

An automated analytical method for simultaneous determination of vitamin A and E in livers, fortified infant formulae and eggs has been developed based on on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled with a dual gradient high performance liquid chromatography system with column-switching. Firstly, food samples were centrifuged after saponified in mixture solution of anhydrous alcohol, potassium hydroxide and ascorbic acid at 80 ℃ for 30 min. Secondly, the saponified sample was loaded and washed on the first dimension extraction column using methanol-water (60∶40, V/V). Afterwards, the targeted analytes were trapped and enriched on the SPE column. Finally, the trapped analytes were transferred to the second dimension analysis column by valve-switching technique for the following separation and determination. Several key factors such as the type of SPE columns, elution buffer as well as pH of washing solution were optimized. The results showed that the calibration curves of vitamin A and E were linear in the range of 0 . 02-20 mg/L with correlation coefficient (R2) more than 0. 9998. In addition, the limits of detection (S/N=3) were found in the range of 3. 0-30. 0 μg/L. The spiked recoveries of the vitamin A and E from livers, eggs and fortified infant formulae ranged from 87 . 3% to 115 . 0% with the relative standard deviations ( RSDs ) of 1 . 8% -4 . 6%. The developed method is simple, sensitive and rapid to determine vitamins A and E in animal derived food.

AIM: To establish HPLC-fingerprints and quantitatively determine platycodin-D from Platycodon grandiflorum.METHODS: HPLC analysis was carried out on Hypersil C18 column(250 mm ? 4.6 mm,5 ?m),with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05 mol/L phosphoric acid system,gradient elution,with a flow at 0.5 mL/ min,an ultraviolet detection wavelength was at 210 nm for fingerprint and at 206 nm for platycodin-D,column tem-perature at 30 ℃.RESULTS: Twelve common peaks were identified in chromatograms with reference to platycod-in-D peak from the 18 batches of the samples.CONCLUSION: The method of the HPLC-fingerprint and quantita-tive analysis is rapid,simple and accurate with a good reproducibility and can be used for the quality control of Platycodon grandiflorum.

Objective To investigate the antioxidation activity and resistance of lipid peroxidation of panax notoginseng flower total saponins.Methods The panax notoginseng flower buds were extracted with ethanol. The hydroxyl free radical(?OH), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrythydrazyl radical(DPPH)clearing rate and resistance of lipid peroxidation of rat liver induced by Fe2+-cysteine were determined by spectrophotometry. Results Half clearance of hydroxyl free radical and DPPH. by panax notoginseng flower total saponin was 0.035 mg/ml and 0.094 mg/ml, the maximum inhibition rate of lipid peroxidation of rat liver induced by Fe2+-cysteine was 89.31%, therefore moderate concentration of extracts had a strong inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation. Conclusions Panax notoginseng flower total saponins have antioxidant activity and resistance of lipid peroxidation.

Objective To construct the KU80 inhibition cell model by RNAi in U2OS cell and to explore the relationship between the Ku80,telomeres and radiosensitivity in telomerase-negative tumor cells.Methods U2OS cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmids of pshRNA-K80 by the lipofectamine,and the stable transfected cell clones were selected by G418.After the selection,the cells were collected and analyzed by the flow cytometry.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the expression of Ku80 and Real-time PCR was used to detect the length of telomeres.The radiosensitivity of U2OS was determined by clone formation array.Results The transfection efficiency of the positive cell clones detected by the flow cytometry was (83.23 ± 7.63) ％.The inhibition rate of the Ku80 gene transcription in the cell group with recombinant plasmid was(68.09 ± 1.16)％ and the inhibition rate of the Ku80 protein expression in the same group was (11.03 ± 2.45) ％.The results of Real-time PCR showed that the telomere length of the cell group with recombinant plasmid (1.07 ± 0.07) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (4.42 ± 1.30,F =38.58,P ＜ 0.05) and that of the empty plasmid group (4.11 ±0.84,F =38.58,P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the control group,the telomere length of the empty plasmid group did not changed(4.42 ±0.84 vs.4.11 ±0.84).U2OS cells with Ku80 expression suppressed had lower SF2 than that of the control cells (F =1089.61,P ＜0.05),and resulted in the SER of 1.47.Conclusions The Ku80 inhibition cell model in telomerase-negative U2OS cell line is successfully established which has the shorter telomere length,and is more sensitive to radiation.Telomere shortening caused by pshRNA-of Ku80 is likely to be one of the mechanisms of radiosensitization in this kind of cell model.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and toxic effects of radiochemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone in patients with advanced gastric cancer after gastrectomy.Methods A total of 183 patients with stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ (M0) gastric cancer,who received treatment after gastrectomy from 2004 to 2010,were included in the study.Of the 183 patients,64 received radiochemotherapy after gastrectomy,and 119 received chemotherapy alone after gastrectomy.The survival rates and hematological and gastrointestinal toxic effects were compared between the two groups;survival difference was also analyzed after the patients were stratified by TNM stage,number of metastatic lymph nodes,and extent of lymph node dissection (D0,D1,and D2).The Kaplan-Meier method was used for calculating survival rates,and the log-rank test was used for survival difference analysis and univariate prognostic analysis;the chi-square test was used for comparing toxic effects between the two groups.Results The follow-up rate was 87.8％ ;72 patients were followed up for at least 3 years,and 29 patients for at least 5 years.The 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates for the radiochemotherapy group were 86％,62％,and 55％,respectively,as compared with 77％,53％,and 43％ for the chemotherapy group (P =0.079).There were no significant differences in grade 3-4 hematological and gastrointestinal toxic effects between the two groups (P =0.363 and 0.617).The univariate analysis showed that radiochemotherapy had a significantly better survival benefit than chemotherapy alone in patients with stage ⅢB-Ⅳ (M0) gastric cancer,patients who underwent D0 lymph node dissection,and patients with more than 6 metastatic lymph nodes (P =0.022,0.025,and 0.021).Conclusions Compared with chemotherapy alone,radiochemotherapy tends to improve survival in patients with gastric cancer after gastrectomy,and its toxic effects are tolerable.The patients with stage ⅢB-Ⅳ (M0) gastric cancer,patients who undergo D0 lymph node dissection,and patients with more than 6 metastatic lymph nodes can benefit from radiochemotherapy.

Objective To detect the selective inhibitory effects of irradiation plus adenovirusmediated horseradish peroxidase ( HRP)/indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) suicide gene system using tumorspecific and radio-inducible chimeric promoter on human hepatocellular carcinoma subcutaneously xenografted in nude mouse.MethodsRecombinant replicated-deficient adenovirus vector containing HRP gene and chimeric human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter carrying 6 radioinducible CArG elements was constructed.A human subcutaneous transplanting hepatocellular carcinoma (MHCC97 cell line) model was treated with -γ-ray irradiation plus intra-tumor injections of adenoviral vector and intra-peritoneal injections of prodrug IAA.The change of tumor volume and tumor growth inhibiting rate,the survival time of nude mice,as well as histopathology of xenograft tumor and normal tissues were evaluated.Results Thirty one days after the treatment,the relative tumor volumes in the negative,adenovirus therapy,irradiation,and combination groups were 49.23 ± 4.55,27.71 :± 7.74,28.53 + 10.48 and 11.58 ± 3.23,respectively.There was a significantly statistical difference among them (F = 16.288,P ＜0.01 ).The inhibition effect in the combination group was strongest as compared with that in other groups,and its inhibition ratio was 76.5%.The survival period extended to 43 d in the combination group,which showed a significantly difference with that in the control group(x2 = 18.307 ,P ＜0.01 ).The area of tumors necrosis in the combination group was larger than that in the other groups,and the normal tissues showed no treatment-related toxic effect in all groups.However,multiple hepatocellular carcinoma metastases were observed in the liver in the control group,there were a few metastases in the monotherapy groups and no metastasis in the combination group.Conclusions Adenovirus-mediated suicide gene therapy plus radiotherapy dramatically could inhibit tumor growth and prolong median survival time.It might provide a promising therapeutic modality for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in conjunction with hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for treating patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods:A total of 62 CRC patients with complication of PC were divided into the CRS group, namely, Group One (n=29, CRS and systemic adju-vant chemotherapy) and the CRS+HIPEC group, namely, Group Two (n=33, CRS+HIPEC). The primary end point of the study was overall survival (OS) and the secondary end point was serious adverse events (SAE). Results:Patients' clinicopathologic characteris-tics, peritoneal carcinomatosis index, and completeness of cytoreduction therapy were well balanced and comparable between the two groups. The median follow-up was 41.9 mo (6.5 mo to 110.0 mo) in Group One and 32.0 mo (10.5 mo to 95.9 mo) in Group Two. The median OS was 8.5 mo (95%CI:4.9 mo to 12.1 mo) in Group One and 14.5 mo (95%CI:11.9 mo to 17.1 mo) in Group Two (P=0.007). Within 30 days after the surgery, SAE occurred in 3 of the 29 patients in Group One, and 9 of the 33 patients in Group Two (P=0.126). Multivariate analysis revealed that HIPEC, CC0-1 score, and chemotherapy over six cycles were the independent factors for OS improvement. Conclusion:The CRS+HIPEC method improves the OS of patients with PC from CRC, suggesting an acceptable safety.