Objective:To investigate the pathogenic bacteria distribution and risk factors of pulmonary infection after tracheotomy in patients with stroke coma,and to put forward preventive measures.Methods:96 patients with stroke coma from January 2016 to February 2017 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The incidence of pulmonary infection and distribution of pathogenic bacteria of patients with stroke coma were analyzed.At the same time,the risk factors of pulmonary infection were analyzed by single factor and multiple factors logistic regression analysis,and corresponding preventive measures were put forward.Results:The incidence of pulmonary infection after tracheotomy in 96 patients with stroke coma was 48.96％ (47/96).A total of 104 pathogens were isolated and cultured,including gram negative bacteria 69 strains (66.35％),gram positive bacteria 20 strains (19.23％) and fungus 15 strains (14.42％).Single factor regression analysis results showed that pulmonary infection after tracheotomy in patients with stroke coma was closely related with age,basic diseases,time of tracheotomy,and bed time,use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,smoking history,artificial airway,times of sputum suction and inhalation(P＜0.05),and it was not related to the patient's gender,weight,stroke type (P＞0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age 45 years old,complicated with basic disease,time oftracheotomy 5 d,use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,smoking history and the establishment of artificial airway were risk factors of pulmonary infection after tmcheotomy in patients with stroke coma (P＜0.05).ROC analysis results showed that the critical point (threshold C) oftmcheotomy time was 4.3 days,and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.851 and 0.918 respectively.Conclusion:The main pathogenic bacteria of pulmonary infection after tracheotomy in patients with stroke coma is gram-negative bacteria,age 45 years old,complicated with basic disease,time of tmcheotomy 5d,use of broad-spectrum antibiotics,smoking history and the establishment of artificial airway can lead to pulmonary infection after tracheotomy in patients with stroke coma,and the risk of pulmonary infection in patients with stroke coma will increase considerably after the time of tracheotomy for more than 4.3 days.Targeted measures should be taken to reduce the risk of pulmonary infection according to pathogenic features and risk factors.

Objective To investigate the trend in birth weight of term infants delivered in Miyun Hospital in recent ten years, and its relationship with cesarean section rate, to provide evidence for health care during pregnancy and lowering the cesarean section rate. MethodsSingleton term live-birth newborns in Beijing Miyun Hospital from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2009 were admitted into this study.Trends of birth weight, microsomia rate and cesarean section rate were analyzed. Results(1) There were 14 716 singleton term live-birth newborns delivered in the tenyear period, among which 7642 males and 7074 females with the proportion of male and female of 1.08 : 1. One thousand seven hundred and seventy-three (12.0％) microsomia were delivered, and the number of low birth weight infants was 180 (1.2％). (2) The birth weight of term infants was from 1200 g to 5850 g and the average birth weight was (3422±447) g. The average birth weight of each year increased, and the differences among each year showed statistical significance (F= 15. 337,P＜0.01). (3) The percentage of microsomia of each year increased, and the differences among each year also showed statistical significance (x2= 125. 285, P＜0. 01).(4) The cesarean section rate increased from 49.9％ in 2000 to 57.1％ in 2009 with statistical difference (x2 =180. 883, P＜0.01).(5) The cesarean section rate increased with the average birth weight of the singleton live-birth term infants in the 10 years from 52.2 ％ in those ＜2500 g to 85.4 ％ in those 4500 g～, and the differences had statistical significance (x2 =518. 519, P＜0. 01). ConclusionsCesarean section rate had close correlation with birth weight in term birth infants.It is suggested that prenatal care should be strengthened and nutrition guidance during pregnancy should be paid more attention.

This study examined the current changes of human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) mutation derived from a LQT2 Chinese family with a highly penetrating phenotype. Mutation was identified and site-directed mutagenesis was performed to induce the mutation in wild-type (WT) hERG. WT hERG and mutated V535M were cloned and transiently expressed in HEK293 cells. At the 48th and 72nd h after transfection, membrane currents were recorded using whole cell patch-clamp procedures. An A>G transition at 1605 resulting in replacement of V535M was identified. Compared to WT, V535M mutation significantly decreased tail currents of hERG. At test potential of -40 mV after depolarizing at +50 mV, tail current densities were 83.35±7.06 pA/pF in WT and 50.38±7.74 pA/pF in V535M respectively (n=20, P<0.01). Gating kinetics of hERG revealed that V (1/2) of steady-state inactivation shifted to negative potential in the mutant (V (1/2,V535M): -61.81±1.7 mV vs. V (1/2, WT): -43.1±0.71 mV). The time constant of recovery from inactivation was markedly prolonged in the mutant compared to WT among test potentials. V535M hERG mutation demonstrated markedly decreased tail current densities, which suggests that V535M is a new loss-of-function mutation of hERG channel responsible for LQT2.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided transvaginal radiofrequency ablation in the treat ment of symptomatic uterine fibroid.Methods:39 patients with symptomatic uterine fibroid underwent transvaginal radiofrequency ablation therapy were selected Before treatment,the fibroid size and volume were measured using ultrasound.The fibroid-related symptom severity and quality of life were scored using uterine fibroid symptom and quality of life survey.The fibroid volume reduction rate,improvement in clinical symptom and quality of life,and ovarian function of patients were observed before treatment and at three,six,nine and 12 months after treatment.Results:The average operation time of radiofrequency ablation was 25 minutes.There was no clear intraand postoperative complication.Preoperative fibroid volume was 65.2± 49.3cm3,which was reduced to 32.2± 27.6 cm3,21.2± 18.2 cm3,15.3± 12.1 cm3 and 10.3± 9.8 cm3 at 3,6,9 and 12 months after treatment,respectively(P＜0.05).The symptom severity score (SSS) was 60.23± 13.2 before treatment,and gradually decreased to 42.2± 11.4,21.1± 10.2,15.4± 10.3 and 12.2± 9.7 at 3,6,9 and 12 months after treatment(P＜0.05).The quality of life (QOL) score gradually increased from 58.24± 16.24 before treatment to 70.3± 20.3,81.4± 8.6,86.3± 7.6 and 88.2± 9.1 at 3,6,9 and 12 months after treatment (P＜0.05).The levels of follicle stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone and estradiol at 3,6,9 and 12 months after treatment showed no difference compared with these before treatment (P＞0.05).Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided transvaginal radiofrequency therapy was a minimally invasive,safe,and effective therapy for symptomatic uterine fibroid.

Objective:To evaluate the application efficacy of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery in primary hospitals.Methods:A total of 116 patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery from January 2017 to December 2018 at our hospital were enrolled in this study.According to the perioperative rehabilitation program, 116 patients were divided into the group A(n=67, receiving enhanced recovery after surgery)and the group B(n=49, receiving traditional recovery after surgery).Results:The incidences of preoperative thirst and hunger were lower in the group A than in the group B(11.9% vs.53.1%, 16.4% vs.51.0%, χ2=23.10 and 15.83, respectively, P<0.001). The levels of CRP and blood glucose in the two groups were significantly higher after operation than before operation, and reached the peak values on the 3rd day after the operation.At different time points after operation, CRP levels and blood glucose levels were higher in the group B than in the group A(all P<0.05). On the 7th day after operation, blood glucose level was recovered to the preoperative level in the group A, while it was not so in the group B. The incidence of complication in the group A was similar to the group B(7.46% vs.12.2%, χ2=0.75, P>0.05). The hospitalization period was shorter and the hospitalization cost was less in the group A than in the group B(8.16±1.33)d vs.(15.39±2.81)d, (46100±1800)yuan vs.(56900±5600)yuan, t=10.98 and 9.96, P=0.000). Conclusions:The application of enhanced recovery after surgery is beneficial for perioperative safety, can reduce surgical stress response, promote postoperative recovery, shorten hospitalization time after surgery and reduce hospitalization costs in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.

BACKGROUND:Autologous micro-skin graft covered with alogeneic skin has become a major means for repair of extremely severe burn wounds. Due to the limitation of the source of alogeneic skin, heterogeneous skin (pigskin) or artificial skin serves as a vector to cover the wound on the clinical use. OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of thin-thickness micro-skin pulping covered with heterogeneous skin for repair of burn wounds in comparison with blade-thickness micro-skin pulping covered with heterogeneous skin. METHODS:A self-control study was performed in 36 patients with severe burns of bilateral limbs. There were 42 pairs of wounds, 32 of which were at joint sites. One or two pairs of III-degree burns treated with escharectomy were selected from each patient for self-control comparison. Covered with heterogeneous skin, thin-thickness micro-skin pulping and blade-thickness micro-skin pulping were used in the trial and control groups, respectively. The expansion ratio was controled at 1:8-1:12 in al patients. Wound healing time, degree of scar hyperplasia within 6 months to 2 years after transplantation, and ratio of reconstruction surgery at joint sites were observed and compared. The removed scars by surgery were analyzed based on the total score of the Vancouver Scar Scale. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average wound healing time was (44.7±1.24) days in the trial group and (49.6±1.41) days in the control group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). The trial group exhibited less scar hyperplasia than the control group at 6 months to 2 years after transplantation. Compared with the control group, the ratio of severe scar hyperplasia was significantly less in the trial group (P < 0.05), while the ratio of mild scar hyperplasia was obviously greater in the trial group (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the ratio of moderate scar hyperplasia between the two groups (P > 0.05). The reconstructive surgery ratio of the trial group was 38%, significantly lower than that of the control group (59.38%;P < 0.01). The total score on the Vancouver Scar Scale was less in the trial group than the control group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the thin-thickness micro-skin covered with heterogeneous skin is likely to be a better treatment to repair large ful-thickness skin burn by increasing the thickness of micro-skin, and it can obtain better wound healing quality.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the surgical management and its result of the cervical esophageal cancer.METHODS Forty six patients with cervical esophageal carcinoma who received surgical treatment in our hospital were included in this retrospective study.The removed hypopharynx and cervical esophagus were repaired with laryngotracheal flap in 5 cases,free myocutaneous flap in 4 patients and free jejunum in 2 patients.The inversion stripping esophagectomy without thoracotomy were performed in 35 patients.RESULTS During the early postoperative period,complications included recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis in 2 cases,anastomotic fistula in 3 cases,anastomotic stenosis in 5 cases,Long-term postoperative gastro-esophageal reflux occurred in 19 cases.The 5-year survival rate was 28.7%. CONCLUSION The surgical treatment for cervical esophageal carcinoma should be decided by the location of the tumor,the extent of the cancer involved and lymph node metastasis.

This study examined the current changes of human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) mutation derived from a LQT2 Chinese family with a highly penetrating phenotype.Mutation was identified and site-directed mutagenesis was performed to induce the mutation in wild-type (WT) hERG.WT　hERG and mutated V535M were cloned and transiently expressed in HEK293 cells.At the 48th and 72nd h after transfection,membrane currents were recorded using whole cell patch-clamp procedures.An A＞G transition at 1605 resulting in replacement of V535M was identified.Compared to WT,V535M mutation significantly decreased tail currents of hERG.At test potential of-40 mV after depolarizing at +50 mV,tail current densities were 83.35±7.06 pA/pF in WT and 50.38±7.74 pA/pF in V535M respectively (n=20,P＜0.01).Gating kinetics of hERG revealed that V1/2 of steady-state inactivation shifted to negative potential in the mutant (V1/2,V535M:-61.81±1.7 mV vs.V1/2,WT:-43.1±0.71mV).The time constant of recovery from inactivation was markedly prolonged in the mutant compared to WT among test potentials.V535M hERG mutation demonstrated markedly decreased tail current densities,which suggests that V535M is a new loss-of-function mutation of bERG channel responsible for LQT2.

Objective ToexplorethevalueofMRIiterativedecompositionofwaterandfatwithechoasymmetryandleastsquares estimationquantificationsequence(IDEALIQ)techniquetoevaluatemyelosuppressionduringradiotherapyandchemotherapyincervicalcancer. Methods 25femalesubjectswereenrolledinthisstudy,whowereclinicallydiagnosedascervicalcancerandacceptedtheradiotherapyand chemotherapy.AllthesubjectswereperformedwithsagittalMRIIDEALIQscansineachweek’streatmentandattheendofwhole fiveweeks’therapy,soeachpatienthad6timesMRIscans.ROIweremanuallyplacedonL4,L5andS1vertebralbodyandsubcutaneousfatto measurethefatfraction.ThefatfractioncolorimageswerereconstructedonaAW (AdvantageWorkstation)4.6workstation.Results Asthe radiationandchemotherapyprocess,thevaluesoffatfractionincreasedprogressivelyonL4,L5andS1vertebralbody(P<0.001), whilethefatfractionvaluesinsubcutaneousfatappearedstableallthetime(P=0.987).Conclusion MRIIDEALIQtechniquecan evaluatethereal-timefatfraction,andradiotherapyandchemotherapyplansmaybeoptimizedaccordingtothefatfractionresult.

Objective: An isochronous substitution model was established to explore the association and substitution effect between college students 24 hour activity behavior and physical health, so as to provide specific activity behavior suggestions for college students to improve their physical health. Methods: A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct physical fitness tests and 24 hour activity behavior surveys among 2 794 college students in 12 colleges and universities in Tianjin.Time spent on sedentary behavior(SB), light intensity physical activity(LPA), moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) and sleep(SLP) time. The isochronous method of components was used to explore the relationship between 24 h activity behavior and physical health. Results: Except for 50 m running, MVPA was negatively correlated with BMI Z ( β =-0.62, P <0.05), but positively correlated with other physical fitness indexes ( β =0.34~274.23, P <0.05). LPA was not associated with lung capacity, sitting forward flexion and 50 m running, and negatively correlated with other physical fitness indexes ( β =-14.30- -0.19, P <0.05). SB was negatively correlated with most physical fitness indexes ( β =-11.57- -0.33, P <0.05), but positively correlated with BMI Z ( β =0.45, P < 0.05 ). In addition to lung capacity, SLP was positively correlated with BMI Z , total physical fitness score,1 minute sit-ups, pull ups, 800/1 000 m running, sitting forward flexion, and 50 m running ( β =0.27-11.21, P <0.05), but negatively correlated with long jump ( β =-0.10, P <0.05）. Isochronous substitution showed that the adverse effects of 30 min/d SB and LPA substitution of MVPA were much greater than the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution for corresponding behaviors (total physical score: SB, -0.58 vs 0.47 points; LPA, -0.50 vs 0.38 points). Conclusion MVPA and SLP have been found to have a positive effect on physical fitness among college students. Therefore, in the process of improving the physical health of college students, ensuring adequate sleep, improving MVPA and reducing SB as much as possible may be one of the effective methods.