In this paper,the mini-implant as anchorage for orthodontic is described by application in closing the space following teeth extraction,distal movement of molars,posterior teeth intrusion,anterior teeth intrusion,scissors bite solving,unilateral maxillary expansion,induced eruption,upright and mesial movement of molars.In this way,we introduce the clinical normal application of mini-implant anchorage for orthodontist.

The author reviewed the development of general practice education in our country,deliberated and summarized the problems about the construction of curriculum system,the ranks of teachers and practice base in general practice education in higher medicine colleges.

High resolution magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) has become an indispensable tool for multidisciplinary teams addressing locally advanced rectal cancer.Preoperative HRMRI is accurate in predicting tumor stage and poor prognostic features,such as circumferential resection margin and extramural venous invasion,et al.HRMRI is a precise diagnostic tool to select who may benefit from neo-adjuvant therapy and to avoid over treatment in those patients who can proceed directly to surgery,thus achieving better prognosis and quality of life for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

0.05).②For the neonates passed DPOAE screening,the ASSR thresholds at 250,500 and 1 000 Hz and the ABR thresholds were not correlated,but there were significant correlations at 2 000 and 4 000 Hz.For the neonates whose DPOAE screening results were abnormal,the ASSR thresholds and the ABR thresholds were significantly correlated at all the carrier frequencies.Conclusion Reliable and frequency specific results could be obtained by ASSR,so it could be a promising audiometry to evaluate the hearing of neonates.

Objective To explore the use of auditory steady-state response (ASSR) for threshold evaluation in neonates. Methods 30 neonates 60 ears) were included in the study who passed distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) screening and 45 neonates (78 ears) who failed DPOAE. The ASSR thresholds were evaluated screening, the significant difference was found between the ASSR thresholds at 250 Hz and the ABR thresholds (P ＜0.05), however the ASSR thresholds at 4 000 Hz and average thresholds were not different from the ABR thresholds (P＞0.05). For the neonates whose DPOAE screening results were abnormal, the ASSR thresholds from 250 to 4 000 Hz and average thresholds were not significant different from the ABR thresholds respectively (P＞0.05). olds were not correlated, but there were significant correlations at 2 000 and 4 000 Hz. For the neonates whose DPOAE screening results were abnormal, the ASSR thresholds and the ABR thresholds were significantly correlated at all the carrier frequencies. Conclusion Reliable and frequency specific results could be obtained by ASSR,so it could be a promising audiometry to evaluate the hearing of neonates.

DNA repair defects are classified as combined immunodeficiencies with associated or syndromic features,including 8 kinds of diseases with mutation of 9 pathogenic gene (ATM,MRE11,NBS1,BLM,RNF168,DNMT3B,ZBTB24,PMS2,MCM4),which are mainly autosomal recessive and monogenic inheritance.This article mainly reviews the pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,immunophenotype,and diagnosis of these diseases.

Objective To observe the effect of Tiaozhi granule in treatment of hyperlipoproteinemia. Methods Randomized, blind and control trial was applied. Two hundred and forty hyperlipoproteinemia patients were randomly assigned to observation group (120 cases) and control group (120 cases). Observation group was treated with Tiaozhi granule, and control group with Xuezhikang. Two groups were treated for 4 weeks. Results Observation group and control group were improved in blood fats spectrum, TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1?, and observation group was superior to control group (P

ObjectiveTo delineate the anatomy of left gastric artery (LGA) by CT imaging before radical gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients to facilitate intraoperative N07 lymph node dissection.MethodsPreoperative 64 spiral CT angiography (CTA) was applied to observe the origin and course of LGA in gastric cancer patients.ResultsThere were 731 gastric cancer patients undergoing preoperative image evaluation with LGA origin identified from celiac axis in 635 cases. Among those, LGA originated respectively at the crotch of splenic artery and common hepatic artery in 176 cases, from the proximal 1/3 in 292 cases, middle 1/3 in 135 cases and distal 1/3 in 32 cases. There were 9, 28, 27, 4, 4, 1, 4 and 1 cases in whom LGA originates respectively at the angle between celiac trunk and abdominal aorta, from the abdominal aorta, arteria gastrolienalis, splenic artery, common hepatic artery, left hepatic artery, artery gastrohepatica and superior mensentaric artery. LGA has not been observed in 15 cases and the origination of LGA could not be delineated in 3 cases. ConclusionsBeing familiar with the anatomy of LGA as visualized by preoperative CTA in gastric cancer patient, facilitates lymph node dissection around the LGA and decreases iatrogenic injury to vital blood vessels.

Objective To evaluate the value of standard large trauma craniotomy in frontotemporal and parietal contrecoup craniocerebral injury.Methods Forty-six patients with frontotemporal and parietal contrecoup craniocerebral injury were treated by standard large trauma craniotomy. Based on GOS, the clinical curative effect and complications of these patients during 3 to 6 months after operation were evaluated.Results 22 cases (47.83%) recovered well, 6 cases (13.04%) suffered from moderate disability, 4 cases (8.7%) remained severe disability, and 14 cases (30.43%) died. The common complications after operation were delayed intracranial hematoma, cerebral penetrating malformation, hydrocephalus, defect of skull syndrome and so on.Conclusion Standard large trauma craniotomy is a good therapeutic method for frontotemporal and parietal contrecoup craniocerebral injury.

[Objective]To explore the effect of continuous physiological osteogenic stress on the bone healing of canine iliopectineal crest.[Method]Ten adult mixed breed dogs without significant individual difference were made transverse fracture at bilateral iliopectineal crest 1.5 cm above the dome of acetabulum,which were fixed with ATMFS or steel plate respectively. The animals were sacrificed and specimens were procured at 2,4,6,8 and 12 weeks after operation.Samples from the fracture gaps were investigated by histology of HE and Masson staining,image pattern analysis of new bone formation.[Result]The formation of cartilaginous tissue and the maturity of cortical and trabecular bone and collagen fibers of ATMFS sides were earlier than that of steel sides obviously.There was significant difference of the integrated optical density (IOD) of new bone formation between two groups (P