The author reviewed the development of general practice education in our country,deliberated and summarized the problems about the construction of curriculum system,the ranks of teachers and practice base in general practice education in higher medicine colleges.

Objective To investigate the value of the clinical application of fetal testis transplantation with main vessel segment. Methods The testicular transplantation were performed to cure 9 patients suffered from male hyponadism with the fetal testis with main vessel segment as donor tissue. Results Except one, 8 patients had a significantly increased level of serum testosterone, the male secondary sexual characteristics and the sexual desire were improved. The size of testis was larger than before operation. Conclusion Fetal testis transplantation with main vessel segment is a effective method to cure male hyponadism and has great value of clinical application.

Objective:To investigate the application of photoplethysmogram in analyzing the fingertip pulse amplitude volume (PAV)to evaluate the endothelial function in diagnosing coronary heart disease,and to clarify its relationship with the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.Methods:Total 409 patients with chest pain accepted coronary angiography (CAG)were selected and diveded into positive group (CAG+)(n=288)and negative group (CAG-) (n = 121)according to angiographic results.Fingertip photoplethysmogram was used to analyze the fingertip PAV by the way of applying endothelial function diagnostic after reactive ischemia,and the relationship between the PAV value and the risk factors of coronary heart diseases was analyzed,and the critical reference value of prediction index of coronary heart disease was determined.The risk factors such as age,gender,serum total cholesterol (TC ), low density lipoprotein (LDL ), high density lipoprotein (HDL ), non-HDL, serum triglyceride (TG),hypertension,diabetes,smoking,family history of coronary heart disease,body mass index (BMI)of the subjects in various groups were analyzed,and the relationship between the risk factors of coronary heart disease and PAV was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results:The PAV of patients in CAG+group was significantly lower than that in CAG-group (P <0.01).The peak point of PAV was<1.37,if PAV<1.37 was used to predict the coronary heart disease,the predictive sensitivity,the specificity,the positive prediction and the negative prediction were 74.65%,44.63%, 76.24%, and 42.52%.The Logistic regression analysis showed that PAV was negatively associated with hypertension,smoking history,TG (OR= 1.476,OR=2.002, OR = 1.844;P < 0.01 ). Conclusion: PAV is associated with coronary heart disease and its risk factors (hypertension,smoking history,TG),and PAV=1.37 can be used as the peak point to predict the coronary heart disease.

Objective To investigate the value of the clinical application of fetal testis for the treatment of male hypogonadism.Method We have performed the testicular transplantation to cure 6 patients suffered from hypogonadism with the fetal testis as donor.Results All patients had a significantly increased level of serum testosterone and the male secondary sexual characteristics and the sexual desire were improved.The size of testis was larger than before operation.Conclusion Testis transplantation with fetal testis as donor is an effective method to cure male hypogonadism and has great value of clinical application for its weak immunogenicity.

Abstract: The high recurrent rate and insufficient protection of anal function in treatment of anal fistula were reviewed in this article. To solve the problems in the treatment of complex fistula-in-ano including ignorance of preoperative assessment and lack of consciousness of preserving anal function, the authors raised the countermeasures to carry out the "gold standard" of preoperative assessment and the system of medical delivery, form the new principle of incision of anal sphincters, collect the high-level evidence-based medicine proof, improve the healing rate and significantly reduce the postoperative continence disturbance, so as to develop a new guideline for the treatment of fistula-in-ano.

Objective To evaluate the expression of adhesion molecules CD62,CD63 and abnormal functional status of platelets in women with preeclmpsia and their relation to progression.Methods The expression of surface antigens CD62,CD63 in peripheral blood and functional status of platelets were measured by flow cytometry in 68 women with preeclmpsia,30 non-pregnant normal women and 52 normal pregnancy women as the controls.Results There was no significant difference among defferent stages in normal pregnant women,but the CD62,CD63 positive platelets were (7 41?1 98)%,(12 99?2 37)% and (36 52?8 92)% respectively for mild,moderate and severe preeclmpsia,it double high (P

RNA interference (RNAi) is a newly developed technology. It is the different levels of gene silencing induced by specific degradation of targeted genes in vivo, and both exogenous and endogenous double-stranded RNAs could induce the specific degradation. RNAi has been applied in tumor therapy, viral infection, hepatitis B and many other diseases. siRNA is the effector molecule which induces the RNAi in vivo. But naked siRNA is easily degradated by RNases in vivo, and the half-life is short. Meanwhile, the transfection efficiency of the naked siRNA is comparatively low. So the naked siRNA needs the help of vectors to penetrate the cell membrane and take action. Viral vectors have the potential immunogenicity and mutagenicity in gene therapy. Therefore, non-viral vectors are drawing more and more attention. The latest development of the non-viral vectors is summarized in this review.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of primary pulmonary peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). Methods Two cases of primary pulmonary PTCL-NOS were studied and relevant literature were reviewed. Results Case 1 diagnosed as primary pulmonary PTCL-NOS was a 44 years old woman and disease progressed after GLD (Gem+L-OHP+ DXM) chemotherapy regimen. At last, the patient died of respiratory failure after one month. Case 2 diagnosed as primary pulmonary PTCL-NOS was a 46 years old man and reach partial response after CHOP regimen, and still alive now.Conclusion Primary pulmonary PTCL-NOS is very rare. It is easy to be misdiagnosed due to non-specific clinical and imaging manifestations. Acquiring enough tissue specimens for pathologic examination is the key to a definitive diagnosis. At present, there is no standard chemotherapy regimen for these patients, the prognosis is relatively poor.

Objective To observe the protective effect of Xiaohuangdecotion against liver damage inα-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)- induced cholestasis in rats and probe the potential mechanisms.Methods Male Wistar rats (40) were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, aXiaohuangdecotion treatment group, and a UDCA control group (10 for each). Except for rats in the normal group, ANIT solution (6 ml/kg) was administered in other rats by gavages for cholestasis model. After ANIT treated 48 h, rats inXiaohuangdecotion group and UDCA group were treated withXiaohuangdecotion (1.73 g/kg) and UDCA (10 mg/kg) respectively for 1 week. And, rats in the normal group and the model group were given an equal volume of saline. At the end of the experiment, liver function rats were examined. Liver histology was examined by HE staining, and CD68 factor was tested by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Compared with the model group, the content of ALT (164.6 ± 53.4 U/Lvs. 208.4 ± 28.5 U/L), AST (247.6 ± 76.1 U/Lvs. 341.8 ± 32.8 U/L), ALP (601.0 ± 101.1 U/Lvs. 720.6 ± 123.3 U/L), TBiL (96.5 ± 18.1μmol/Lvs. 149.6 ± 30.2μmol/L), DBiL (73.7 ± 16.6μmol/Lvs. 140.3 ± 28.6μmol/L) and TBA (93.4 ± 13.0μmol/Lvs. 146.5 ± 38.9μmol/L) were significantly reduced in the treatment group (P<0.01 orP<0.05). Compared with the model group, CD68 level (7.08 ± 0.19 vs. 17.42 ± 0.48)were significantly reduced by intervention ofXiaohuangdecotion (P<0.01).ConclusionsXiaohuangdecotion could improve liver functions and reduce CD68 expression, leading to a good hepatoprotective and jaundice-relieving effects.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between long non-coding RNAs (LncRNA) in tumor tissues and clinico-pathological features of hepatocllular carcinoma (HCC).Methods Using hepatocellular carcinoma gene database GSE36376,we conducted a study on eight LncRNAs which are associated with liver diseases and analyzed the correlation between these LncRNAs and HCC clinico-pathological characteristics.We also evaluated the potential effect of LncRNAs on HCC development.Results H19 was overexpressed in non-tumorous tissues of HCC (P ＜ 0.05),while MEG3,HOXA13,KCNQ1OT1 were all upregulated in tumorous tissues (all P ＜ 0.05).HULC level in HCC tumorous tissues was negatively correlated with AJCC staging,BCLC staging and tumor size (all P ＜ 0.05).UCA1 was positively correlated with BCLC staging (r =0.135,P ＜ 0.05).Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic analyses showed that UCA1 was a risk factor of intrahepatic metastasis of HCC (OR =6.054,95％ CI =1.429 ～ 25.642,P ＜ 0.05); in contrast,HULC overexpression in tumorous tissues played a positive role in HCC tumor size (OR=0.805,95％CI=0.678 ～0.956,P＜0.05).Conclusion HULC in tumorous tissues suppressed HCC proliferation,while UCA1 was a risk factor of HCC aggressiveness.