Objective This aim of this study was to understand the distribution of pretreatment serum LDH in NPC of each radiotherapy-related typing,and its relationship with prognosis.Methods We collected the pretreatment data of LDH in 2 665 newly diagnosed NPC who underwent radical radiotherapy between January 1,2000 and December 31,2005 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center.Pretreatment serum LDH levels and survival analysis were analyzed in four kinds of radiotherapy-related typing of NPC.Results Distribution of radiotherapy-related types of 2 665 NPC were 74.6％ (1 987 cases),15.1％ (404 cases),8.6％ (229 cases),1.7％ (45 cases) for Types Ⅰ (no primary and regional recurrence and no distant metastasis),Ⅱ (primary or regional and no distant metastasis),ⅢⅡ (no primary and regional recurrence,and distant metastasis),Ⅳ (primary or regional recurrence,and distant metastasis),respectively.Increased LDH patients Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ-type proportion were:9.6％ (191/1 987),15.8％ (64/404),18.8％ (43/229),35.6％ (16/45).274 cases of type Ⅲ and Ⅳ,there were 81 cases of liver metastasis,which increased LDH levels in 34 cases,accounted for 42％.Total follow-up rate was 95.2％.The OS,LRFS,and DMFS curves for the increased LDH level group and the normal LDH level group was significant (P =0.000,0.000,0.000).Further analysis showed that the above main difference caused by the type Ⅱ (P =0.000).Conclusions Pretreatment levels of serum LDH are associated with radiotherapyrelated typing of NPC,particularly associated with type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ liver metastasis.And mainly type Ⅱ has poor prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of inversion time (TI) on flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) perfusion imaging of spinal bone marrow (SBM),and evaluate the reproducibility of blood flow (BF) measurements using this technique.Methods Twenty four healthy volunteers without lumbar and other disease with clinical and MR studies were prospectively included.The first 14 healthy volunteers were included to study the effect of TI on ASL perfusion imaging of SBM to get the optimized TI,the remaining 10 volunteers were included to investigate the reproducibility of the SBM arterial spin labeling (ASL) scan protocol.The optimized TI of FAIR spinal bone marrow perfusion experiment was carried out on 14 healthy volunteers on 3.0 T magnet,two adjacent vertebral bodies were orderly selected from each volunteer to measure the △M and the SNR of FAIR perfusion MRI with 5 different TIs (800,1 000,1 200,1 400,1 600 ms),and the vertebral bodies selected order were determined by the order of the subjects enrolled.In addition,FAIR perfusion spinal vertebral BF measurements were repeated in last l0 healthy subjects on L4 or L5 by reposition immediately,paired t test and reproducibility statistics (included within-patient standard deviation (wSD) and within-patient coefficient of variation (WCV)) were used to analyze the test-retest experiment reproducibility.Result TI optimization experiments total included 28 vertebral bodies,when TI (ms) was chose as 800,1 000,1 200,1 400,1 600,ms respectively,the mean △M of spinal bone marrow were 20.8±9.0,29.0± 10.9,36.4± 12.5,26.2± 10.2 and 23.8± 11.5,and the mean SNR were 2.0± 1.0,2.3±0.8,2.4± 1.0,2.3±0.8 and 2.0±0.7.With TI increasing,AM and SNR increased first and then decrcascd,the maximum values of both were achieved when the TI near 1 200 ms.Test-retestexperimcnt were carried on 10 vertebral bodies eventually,and two measurements of spinal vertebral BF perfusion before and after were (108.9±4.6)and (109.2 ±4.6)ml · 100g-1· min 1,respectively,and no significant difference was found (t=-0.157,P=0.879),wCV of the measurements was 3.28％ (3.57/109.06).Conclusion The optimal TI was 1 200 ms for spinal bone marrow ASL perfusion image,at which the maximum AM,higher SNR,and good reproducibility for the FAIR spinal bone marrow perfusion imaging can be achieved.

Objective To investigate the role of a small RNA interference against VEGF in radiation sensitivity in melanoma .Methods A375 human melanoma cell lines were transplanted into nude mice ,which with malignant melanoma were randomly divided into control group , VEGF negative plasmid group and VEGF positive plasmid group, followed by 4Gy irradiation twice a week for 2 weeks.The volume of tumor was calculated twice a week, the area of tumor necrosis was assayed by HE,the expression of VEGF in tumor was determined by Western-blot and Immunohistochemical. ResuIts The expression of VEGF in VEGF positive plasmid group decreased significantly (P<0.05), VEGF positive group had more tissue necrosis, tumor growth was significantly inhibited (P<0.05).ConcIusion siRNA-VEGF in tumor injection liposome encapsulated in malignant melanoma has a role in the radiation sensitization, which provides an experimental basis for the clinical development of targeted therapy combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of VEGF gene.

Objective To study the effect on renal function about repeated use of contrast media , and whether alprostadil has protective effect towards contrast-induced nephropathy ( CIN) .Methods 80 adult patients who had ever received contrast examination and scheduled to have PCI within 1 month were randomly divided into two groups: the simple hydration group and the hydration plus alprostadil therapy group.The serum level of creati-nine,urea, Cystatin C, Urineβ-microglobulin and creatinine clearance were recorded and compared between the two groups , and were observed before and after repeated exposure of contrast medium.The incidence of CIN was analyzed .Results Compared with pre-contrast levels , serum levels of urea, creatinin, Cystatin C and Urine β-microglobulin all elevated after single and repeated contrast media use in patients in the simple hydration group ( P<0.05 ) .The incidence of CIN did not differ after single or repeated contrast used (2.5%vs.15.0%, P>0.05).After repeated contrast exposure compared with patients with simple hydration , patients in the alprostadil group had repeated serum levels of urea [(7.4 ±2.3) mmol/L vs.(9.1 ±2.6) mmol/L], creatinia [(87.2 ±25.6) μmol/L vs.(96.9 ± 25.8) μmol/L], Cystatin C [(0.8 ±0.3) mg/L vs.(1.4 ±0.3) mg/L] and Urine β-microglobulin [(207.0 ±31.9 ) μg/L vs.(279.3 ±37.3 ) μg/L] were all lower with higher creatinin clearance [(92.2 ±24.2) ml/min vs.(78.2 ±27.5) ml/min](all P<0.05).The incidence of CIN in patients with alprostadil did not differ after single or repeated contrast used (2.5%vs.7.5%, P>0.05).The incidence of CIN in patients treated with alprostadil had no difference compared with patients with simple hydration after repeated contract (7.5% vs.15.0%, χ2 =0.501,P=0.479).Conclusions Contrast media can cause damage to renal function .Short-term repeated use of contrast media can further worsen renal function without significant increase in CIN rates .Alprostadil may have renoprotective effect towards CIN .

With the development of the medicine industry and the expansion of global commu-nication and cooperation , more and more Chinese higher vocational college students who major in pharmaceutical management and administration are aware of the demands and are trying to master English for Specific Purpose (ESP) for their better future development. The necessity, course orienta-tion, curriculum design and teaching method for opening ESP course in pharmaceutical management and administration major of higher vocational college were studied in this paper.

Objective To investigate the molecular genetic changes of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene and c-myc gene in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Methods The structural aberrations and changes of copy numbers in ALK and c-myc genes in 72 paraffin-embedded ALCL specimens were detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results Among 72 ALCL specimens, ALK protein was expressed in 42, ALK gene translocation was detected in 40 specimens in which extra copies of ALK gene were detected in 17. ALK gene translocation was not found in all 30 ALK negative specimens, but extra copies of ALK gene were detected in 14 cases. The difference of incidence rates of extra copies in ALK gene between ALK positive and ALK negative specimens was not significant (P＞0.05). c-myc gene translocation was not found in any of 72 ALCL specimens, but extra copies were detected in 24 cases.Conclusion Most (75.0%) ALCL have ALK gene aberration, in which ALK gene translocations are most common (55.6%), and the extra copies of ALK gene are relatively common genetic changes (43.1%). The ALK gene aberration is only detected in ALK positive ALCL and the gene translocations are in either ALK positive and negative ALCL. There is no or rare c-myc gene translocation in ALCL, but extra copies of c-myc gene are relatively common (33.3%).

Objective:To explore the differences in intravascular ultrasound results in elderly coronary heart disease(CHD)patients with different uric acid levels.Methods:A total of 145 elderly patients diagnosed with CHD in our hospital from December 2017 to May 2020 were included as study subjects.Uric acid levels were measured and intravascular ultrasound examination was conducted in all patients.They were divided into different groups based on uric acid levels: Group A(uric acid≤199 μmol/L), Group B(uric acid 200~399 μmol/L)and Group C(uric acid≥400 μmol/L). Data from intravascular ultrasound-derived indexes were analyzed and compared between the three groups.Results:There was no significant difference in the degree of left main stenosis between Group A and Group B, but it was less severe in both groups than in Group C( F=5.625, P=0.039). Plaque fibrous cap thickness showed no significant difference between Group B and Group C, but it was smaller than in Group A( F=7.825, P=0.020). Group C had the largest plaque area and maximum thickness among the three groups, followed by Group B[(11.12±1.73)mm 2 and(1.76±0.24)mm]and Group A[(8.29±3.14)mm 2 and(1.38±0.09)mm]( F=6.384 and 6.827, P=0.028 and 0.015). Conclusions:Elevated uric acid levels in elderly CHD patients can increase the area and thickness of plaques, and reduce plaque fibrous cap thickness, leading to an increased risk of formation of unstable plaques, which can be life-threatening for these patients.Thus, monitoring and managing uric acid levels should be stressed in elderly CHD patients.

Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of the sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma(BL),as well as its immunohistochemical and molecular characteristics.Methods 20 cases of sporadic BL were retrospectively studied by analyzing their light microscopy features,immunohistochemical expression,EBV infection detected by in stiu hybridization,chromosomal breakage of c-myc and/or lgH genes by interphase fluorescence in stiu hybridization (FISH),and their clinical manifestation.Results All the 20 cases of sporadic BL occurred in children(3-14 y)including 16 males and 4 females.Microscopically,the medium-sized tumor cells were monomorphic and proliferated in a diffuse pattern showingstarry-skywith numerous karyorrhectic debris.Mitotic figures were frequently seen.Immunohistochemically,the tumor cells were positive for CD20 and CD10,over 95%positive for Ki-67 and negative for TdT,CD99,MPO. No EBV infection wag found by in situ hybridization in 18 cases.Interphase FISH analysis detected c-myc gene breakage or amplification and/or IgH/c-myc gene breakage in all detected 15 cases.Conclusion Sporadic BL is a high-grade malignant B cell lymphoma.The tumor cell proliferation index is very high.Molecular and immunohistochemical analysis could reduce the incidence of misdiagnosis and thus phys a vital role on its correct diagnosis and appropriate therapy.

Objective:To summarize the clinical and high resolution CT(HRCT) characteristics of 141 patients with COVID-19.Methods:From January 20 to 28, 2020, 141 COVID-19 patients, 77 males and 64 females, with a median age of 49 (9, 87), were enrolled in the study. The clinical features, laboratory test results and HRCT findings of all patients were analyzed retrospectively.Results:In all of the patients, the decreasing leukocyte countin 38 (26.95%) and lymphocyte ratio in 71 (50.35%), a fever over 37.5 ℃ in 139 (98.58%), coughing in 106 (75.18%), headache in 11 (7.80%), expectoration in 41 (29.08%), chest distress in 93 (65.96%), and diarrhea in 4 (2.84%) were found. The HRCT of all patients were abnormal, including ground glass opacity (GGO) with patchy opacity in 52 (36.88%) mainly distributed along subpleural area, GGO with focal consolidation in 23 (16.31%),small patchy opacity in 27 (19.15%),large patchy consolidation in 20 (14.18%),thickened bronchovascular bundleing and blood vessel crossing the lesion in 48 (34.04%), air bronchus sign in 5 (3.55%), small nodule in 7 (4.96%),fibrous stripes and reticular opacities in 5 (3.55%), bilateral pleural effusion in 7 (4.96%), and mediastinal or bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy in 4 (2.84%).Conclusions:The clinical and HRCT manifestations of COVID-19 are various. Under the specific epidemiological background of COVID-19, chest HRCT scan should be carried out as soon as possible for early warning of this disease.

To develop a specific, rapid, and convenient immunochromatography assay (ICA) to detect melamine residues in dairy products and feed sample. Colloidal gold particles labeled with purified monoclonal antibody against anti-melamine were used as the detector reagent. The MEL-OVA (the conjugate of melamine and ovalbumin) and goat anti-mouse melamine IgG were blotted on the test and control regions of nitrocellulose membrane. The strip was then assembled with sample pad, absorbing pad, and dorsal shield. The limit of detection (LOD) is 50 microg/L. The test trip was applied to detect melamine in milk, milk powder, and animal feeds, with detection limits of 100 microg/L for milk, 100 ng/g for milk powder, 200 ng/g for feeds. Compared to LC-MS/MS, the ICA could be used to screen a large number of dairy products and feed samples for melamine residue.
Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; chemistry ; Cattle ; Dairy Products ; analysis ; Food Contamination ; analysis ; Gold Colloid ; chemistry ; Immunochromatography ; methods ; Milk ; chemistry ; Reagent Strips ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Triazines ; analysis