The appendiceal tuberculosis is a rare from of skeletal tuberculosis in child and adults, arising from a focus or foci in posterior compartment of spine. This from may be unilateral and may be isolated or present at multiple levels, characterieed by slight change of the disk space and deformity, but large psravertebral abscess are invariable. Extradural extension may lead to the development of paraplegia. We had experienced one case of appendiceal tuberculosis at L1 and treated with antituberculosis medication and radical curettage, followed with body jacket cast.
Abscess ; Adult ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Curettage ; Humans ; Paraplegia ; Spine ; Tuberculosis

Epidural venography is a relatively simple and highly accurate method in the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation. Angiographic visualization of the epidural vein has been tried and investigated by intraosseus injection of contrast agent into lumbar spinous process and intravascular injection into iliac vein since first report in 1954. Recently, lumbar epidural venography is instituted by selective catheterization of ascending lumbar vein or internal iliac vein. Lumbar epidural venography is valuable for the diagnosis of herniated lumbar disc, not demonstrated by myelography. Especially, lumbar epidural venography is more accurate than myelography in the diagnosis of L5-Sl disc herniation and in the case of extreme lateral herniation. Other advantages of epidural venography are low incidence of complication and ease of performance. Epidural venography may be recommended as an alternative rnethod rather than as adjunctive to myelography. We report 20 cases of epidural venography, compared with myelographic and operative findings.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Diagnosis ; Iliac Vein ; Incidence ; Methods ; Myelography ; Phlebography ; Veins

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Natural History* ; Survival Rate*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between self-efficacy, social support, sense of community and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), including the direct and indirect effects of the variables on HRQoL. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 249 middle-aged and elderly residents living in a rural community in A-County, K Province. The structured questionnaire included 4 scales from the Euro Quality of life-5 Dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression), and measures of General Self-Efficacy, Social Support, and Sense of Community. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 20.0 and AMOS 21.0 program. RESULTS: The mean HRQoL score for the participants was 0.87+/-0.13. Self-efficacy (beta=.13, p=.039) and age (beta= -.38, p<.001) were significantly associated with HRQoL, explaining 21% of the variance. In the path analysis, self-efficacy showed a significant direct effect on HRQoL (beta=.14, p=.040) and significantly mediating relationships between both social support (beta=.05, p=.030) and sense of community (beta=.02, p=.025) and HRQoL. CONCLUSION: Although self-efficacy was found to be the main predictor for HRQoL, the findings imply that social environmental factors such as social support and sense of community need to be considered when developing interventions to increase HRQoL in middle-aged and elderly residents in rural communities.
Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Personal Satisfaction ; *Quality of Life ; Questionnaires ; Regression Analysis ; Rural Population ; *Self Efficacy ; Sex Factors ; *Social Support

The purpose of this study is to investigate domestic and international research trends in studies of medical students' characteristics by using the scoping review methods. This study adopted the scoping review to assess papers on the characteristics of medical students. The procedure of research was carried out according to the five steps of the scoping review. The full texts of 100 papers are obtained and are read closely, after which suitable 88 papers are extracted by us for this research. The review is mapped by the year of the study, source, location, author, research design, research subject, objective, and key results. The frequency is analyzed by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. We found 70 papers (79.5%) on a single medical school, 15 (17.0%) on multiple medical schools, and three (3.4%) on mixed schools, including medical and nonmedical schools. Sixty-nine (79.5%) were cross-sectional studies and 18 (20.5%) were longitudinal studies. Eighty-two papers (93.2%) adopted questionnaire surveys. We summarized research trends of studies on medical students in Korea and overseas by topic, and mapped them into physical health, mental health, psychological characteristics, cognitive characteristics, social characteristics, and career. This study provides insights into the future directions of research for the characteristics of medical students.
Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mental Health ; Research Design ; Research Subjects ; Schools, Medical ; Sociological Factors ; Students, Medical

Purpose: Today's students have distinctive generational characteristics and increased psychopathology and generational tension. The authors investigated the negative experiences of Late Millennial students in medical school to draw implications for student support. Methods: The authors explored medical students’ negative experiences using the critical incident technique. The authors conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with 13 medical students, between February and May 2016. The authors focused on occurrences that significantly influenced medical students’ school lives negatively from the students’ perspective. All interviews were recorded and transcribed. The authors classified incidents into frames of reference for the use of faculty development for student support. Results: The authors extracted 22 themes from a total 334 codes and classified them into eight subcategories. Finally, four categories emerged from frames of reference. Students manipulate relationships and colluding for better specialty choice. They experience uncontrolled rifts in interpersonal relationships between peers including lawsuits, sexual assaults, and social network service conflicts. Today’s students feel resentment towards dependent hierarchical relationships with seniors. They struggle with gender discrimination but perpetuate outdated gender role toward the opposite gender. Conclusion Faculty members should understand today’s students’ level of career stress and desire for work life balance. They should motivate students’ professional identity, promote assertiveness against unfair authorities, and focus on mental health, teamwork, and relationship building. All generations need to understand other generations and develop appropriate leadership and gender sensitivity.

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant disorder defined by hamartomatous polyps of gastrointestinal tracts and the occurrence of melanin spots on the mucocutaneous surface. This syndrome has important complications such as malignant transformation, gastrointestinal bleeding, and intussusception. About 50% of patients with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome involved Intussusception. A case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with intussusception was recently experienced and herein reported.
Gastrointestinal Tract ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intussusception* ; Melanins ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome* ; Polyps

Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors, such as abciximab, are used as adjunctive therapy for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in high-risk non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), although their effects when used for STEMI are less clear. As the use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors becomes more widespread, determining the risks associated with them becomes more important. The major risks associated with the use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors are the potential for major bleeding and thrombocytopenia. This is the first reported case in Korea of hemorrhagic pericarditis resulting in cardiac tamponade associated with the use of abciximab, a commonly used GP Ilb/IIa inhibitor, following PCI.
Aged ; Angioplasty, Transluminal, Percutaneous Coronary/*adverse effects ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/*adverse effects ; Anticoagulants/*adverse effects ; Cardiac Tamponade/*etiology/therapy ; Emergency Medical Services ; Hemorrhage/*etiology/therapy ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/*adverse effects ; Korea ; Male ; Pericardiocentesis ; Pericarditis/*etiology/therapy ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/*adverse effects ; Risk Factors

Twenty-six nalidixic acid-resistant Shigella sonnei strains isolated from 1982 to 2001 and 56 nalidixic acid-resistant mutants induced by quinolone drugs from susceptible wild strains were analyzed by sequencing the gyrA gene. All the 22 nalidixic acid-resistant isolates from 1998 to 2001 showed identical amino acid substitution of Ser to Leu (TCG --> TTG) at codon 83 while 7 different mutation types were detected in artificially induced nalidixic acid-resistant mutants. Asp87 (GGC) type was observed most commonly among mutants induced by nalidixic acid while Ser83 (TTG) type was common among mutants induced by ciprofloxacin or norfloxacin. All the isolates collected between 1998 and 2001 showed identical or nearly identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern. These results suggest that the explosive increase of S. sonnei infection after 1998 was mainly due to the spread of restricted number of clones resistant to nalidixic acid.
Amino Acid Substitution ; Ciprofloxacin ; Clone Cells ; Codon ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Epidemiology ; Molecular Epidemiology* ; Nalidixic Acid* ; Norfloxacin ; Shigella sonnei* ; Shigella*

OBJECTIVE: Recently, workers' mental health has become important focus in the field of occupational health management. Depression is a psychiatric illness with a high prevalence. The association between job stress and depressive symptoms has been demonstrated in many studies. Recently, studies about the association between sleep quality and depressive symptoms have been reported, but there has been no large-scaled study in Korean female workers. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between job stress and sleep quality, and depressive symptoms in female workers. METHODS: From Mar 2011 to Aug 2011, 4,833 female workers in the manufacturing, finance, and service fields at 16 workplaces in Yeungnam province participated in this study, conducted in combination with a worksite-based health checkup initiated by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). In this study, a questionnaire survey was carried out using the Korean Occupational Stress Scale-Short Form(KOSS-SF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale(CES-D). The collected data was entered in the system and analyzed using the PASW (version 18.0) program. A correlation analysis, cross analysis, multivariate logistic regression analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis were conducted. RESULTS: Among the 4,883 subjects, 978 subjects (20.0%) were in the depression group. Job stress(OR=3.58, 95% CI=3.06-4.21) and sleep quality(OR=3.81, 95% CI=3.18-4.56) were strongly associated with depressive symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that job stress displayed explanatory powers of 15.6% on depression while sleep quality displayed explanatory powers of 16.2%, showing that job stress and sleep quality had a closer relationship with depressive symptoms, compared to the other factors. The multivariate logistic regression analysis yielded odds ratios between the 7 subscales of job stress and depressive symptoms in the range of 1.30-2.72 and the odds ratio for the lack of reward was the highest(OR=2.72, 95% CI=2.32-3.19). In the partial correlation analysis between each of the 7 subscales of sleep quality (PSQI) and depressive symptoms, the correlation coefficient of subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction were 0.352 and 0.362, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study showed that the depressive symptoms of female workers are closely related to their job stress and sleep quality. In particular, the lack of reward and subjective sleep factors are the greatest contributors to depression. In the future, a large-scale study should be performed to augment the current study and to reflect all age groups in a balanced manner. The findings on job stress, sleep, and depression can be utilized as source data to establish standards for mental health management of the ever increasing numbers of female members of the workplace.
Depression* ; Female* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mental Health ; Multivariate Analysis ; National Health Programs ; Occupational Health ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Reward ; Surveys and Questionnaires