Objective To investigate the clinical features,early diagnosis and individualized treatment of renal hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia induced by adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Thirty-nine CHB or hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related cirrhosis patients of renal hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia induced by ADV were consecutively collected.The clinical features were analyzed and treatment outcome was followed up.Results The mean age of the 39 patients was 54 (27-71) years old.There were 26 male and 13 female patients,and 19 patients with cirrhosis.The mean ADV treatment duration was 69 (range 18-116) months,and 31 patients were treated for 36-96 months.The mean serum phosphate was 0.68 (0.42-0.79) mmol/L.Twenty-six cases developed renal hypophosphatemic osteomaolacia,of which 14 had bone pain and 19 had abnormally elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP).Three patients had increased serum creatinine and 24 patients had decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).After individualized treatment,patients gained normal serum phosphate in mean of 2.0 (range 0.5-6.0) months,and had bone pain remission in the mean of 0.8 (range 0.2-1.0) month and bone pain disappeared in the mean of 1.5 (range 0.5-5.0) months.Function indices of liver and kidney were improved gradually,and the bone mineral density examination improved slowly.Conclusions CHB and HBV-related cirrhosis patients treated with longterm ADV could develop renal hypophosphatemia and hypophosphatemic osteomalacia,which is partially reversible.Monitoring serum phosphate,creatinine and cystatin C is necessary during long-term ADV therapy.After confirmed diagnosis,withdrawal or dosage reduction of ADV,and switch to telbivudine or entecavir should be considered.Meanwhile,serum phosphate and HBV DNA level should be monitored.

Objective: To study the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir and daclatasvir regimens for patients who received kidney transplantation (KT) with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Methods: This study enrolled a prospective cohort of consecutive KT patients with HCV infection from March 2016 to January 2018 in the hepatology Department of the Second Hospital of Shandong University. They were given sofosbuvir combined with daclatasvir, with or without ribavirin. The course of treatment was 12 weeks or 24 weeks. Clinical assessment, conventional liver and kidney biochemical parameters, hemoglobin, serum HCV RNA, as well as the types of immunosuppressive drugs and their doses were assessed routinely as follows: at the beginning of treatment; 2, 4, and 8 wk post treatment; at the end of treatment (EOT); and at 12, 24 wk after the therapy was completed. Adverse events and adjustment of anti-rejection drugs were surveilled during the treatment period. Results: A total of 13 patients were enrolled. All patients were naive to treatment. Their mean age was 46.84±7.79 years. There were 10 males and 3 females, 3 patients had cirrhosis (1 cases had decompensated cirrhosis), 10 patients had no cirrhosis. They were infected with HCV genotype 1 (6/13 GT1b), genotype 3 (2/13 GT3a) and genotype 6 (3/13 GT6a), and genotype 2 (2/13 GT2a). Twelve patients′ estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was > 30 ml/min per 1.73 m² at the beginning of treatment, 1 patient′s eGFR was <30 ml/min·1.73 m^2; 9 patients received 12 wk therapy, 4 patients received 24 wk therapy. Twelve patients had undetectable viral load by week 4 of treatment. All patients had undetectable HCV viral load at the end of treatment. Sustained virological response (SVR) 12 rate was achieved in 100% (13/13) of the recipients. The basic renal function remained stable during the course of treatment. No serious adverse events were observed during the treatment. Antiviral therapy was not discontinued due to side effects in any patient. Conclusions Sofosbuvir and daclatasvir for treatment of KT patients with HCV infection are highly effective and safe.