AIM: To establish an extraction of alkaloid from Cortex Phellodendri METHODS : Taking berberine hydrochloride and palmatine hydrochloride in Cortex Phellodendri as evaluating index determined by the HPLC,the effects of different solvents,extraction time,and extraction models on extraction rate of the berberine hydrochloride and palmatine hydrochloride were systematically investigated. Berberine hydrochloride and palmatine hydrochloride in Cortex Phellodendri from different sources were also involved. RESULTS : The ultrasound extraction with hydrochloric acid-methanol (1∶100) up to 20min was more effective. CONCLUSION : The kinds of solvent and models of extraction have a great influence upon the extracting efficiency of berberine hydrochloride and plamatine hydrochloride.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between the prevention of probucol on restenosis and vascular remodeling after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) in rabbits. METHODS: New Zealand rabbit thoracic aorta atherosclerosis was induced by 3.5F ballon catheter injury following a 4-weeks feeding of high cholesterol diet, and PTA was performed by using 3.5F balloon catheter. Probucol(1g/d) or vitamin E (400 mg/d) was administrated one week before PTA. Two weeks after PTA, the bore and outside diameter (OD) of arteries, the area circumscribing by intimal elastic lamina (IEL), the area circumscribing by extral elastic lamina (EEL), medial area (MA), neointima area/medial area (NEA/MA) were analyzed by computerized digitizer system. Lipids of serum were measured by means of biochemical assay.RESULTS: After two weeks of PTA, the intima proliferation and lumen restenosis were observed obviously. However, with probucol treatment for 3 weeks, the restenosis of aorta was inhibited significantly by increasing bore, outside diameter, and lumen area of rabbits aortas and decreasing NEA, NEA/MA. Furthermore, probucol regulated vascular remodeling by increasing the area circumscribing by IEL [(3.50?0.20)mm 2 vs (1.59?0.23) mm 2, P

AIM To investigate the relationship between the prevention of probucol against restenosis and functional vascular remodeling after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) in rabbits. METHODS New Zealand rabbit thoracic aorta atherosclerosis was induced by 3 5 F balloon catheter injury following a 4 week feeding of high cholesterol diet, and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) was performed by using 3 5 F ballon catheter. Probucol(1 g?d -1 ) or vitamin E(400 mg?d -1 ) was administrated one week before PTA. Two weeks after PTA, lumen area,neointima area(NEA),medial area(MA) and NEA/MA were analyzed by computerimage system.The relaxation response of restenotic arteries to acetylcholine and the contractive response to norepinephrine, potassium chloride and serotonin of thoracic aorta rings were measured by bioassay. Nitric oxide of serum was measured by means of biochemical assay.RESULTS After two weeks of PTA, probucol increased lumen area and decreased neointima area significantly. The relaxation response of restenotic arteries to acetylcholine was significantly lower than that of normal arteries〔relaxation percent to acetylcholine (1 ?mol?L -1 ):(18 4?4 0)% vs (63 5?6 4)%, P

Objective: To build an extraction method of ferulic acid from Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort.Methods: The solvent varieties, polarities, and extraction methods were systematically studied by HPLC with ferulic acid as marker.Results: The more effective way to extract ferulic acid from Ligusticum Chuanxiong Hort was effluent extraction with 8 times amount of 40% alcohol under reflux for three hours.Conclusion: The solvent varieties and extraction method showed greater effects than others on the extraction efficiency of ferulic acid.

Aim: To prepare the influenza vaccine lyophilized liposomes and to characterize its particle distribution, encapsulation efficiency and immunogenicity. Methods: Flu vaccine liposome based on the method of thin-film evaporation was prepared using phospholipids , cholesterol and the purified influenza virus split vaccine, and was further subjected to frozen-drying. The polymorph was observed by microscope; the particle distribution and the average size were analysed by transmission electron microscope; its encapsulation efficiency was determined by Lowry method and the antibody titers were assessed by hemagglutination-inhibition after pulmonary delivery to mice. Results: The reconstitated influenza vaccine liposome under electronic microscope were round or elliptic particles evenly distributed at a mean size of 2. 14 祄, with the encapsulation efficiency of more than 80%. The antibody titer through pulmonary delivery was higher than that through intraperitoneal injection. Conclusion: The prepared influenza vaccine lyophilized liposomes possess high encapsulation efficiency, better particle distribution and marked immunogenicity through pulmonary delivery to mice. Pulmonary delivery of influenza vaccine liposomes is a potential immunization approach worthy of further exploitation.

Objective To explore the clinical manifestation,imaging features,histopathological classifications and treatment of primary orbital tumors.Methods Twenty-six cases with primary orbital tumors were retrospectively studied.Results All of 26 primary orbital tumor cases received surgical treatment.Sixteen primary orbital tumors cases were male and 10 cases were female.The mean age was 46 years (ranged from 15 to 72).The mean hospital stay was 13 d (ranged from 9 to 21).Among 26 primary orbital tumors cases,21 cases were benign tumors which included 11 cases of cavernous hemangioma,5 cases of inflammatory pseudotumor,3 cases of dermoid cyst,2 cases of venous angioma.Five cases were malignant tumors which included 4 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma and 1 case of rhabdomyosarcoma.After operation,visual acuity improved in 9 cases,unchanged in 11 cases,decreased in 6 cases.The patients were followed up for 18-48 months (mean,25 months).There were 4 cases of malignant tumors recurrence after operation and received radical operation.While 2 patients were lost,the other 24 patients survived with tumor-free.Conclusions Surgical excision is the main and effective treatment for primary orbital tumors.To be very familiar with the imaging characteristics and local anatomy is the key for operation.Individualized treatment plan should be chosen based on clinical manifestation,imaging features and histopathological classifications.

Chinchilla has been successfully used as an animal model in the study of auditory system, microorgan-ism and parasitic infection, because of its unique biological features, and it can be further developed for the research of se-nile diseases, metabolic diseases, etc.This paper will introduce the related biological characteristics of chinchilla, and briefly reviewed the progress of its application in medical research.

Antiviral Agents ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Drug Combinations ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Recombinant Proteins ; Ribavirin

ObjectiveTo investigate psychological trouble of freshmen and their needs for mental health services in military medical university. MethodsAn half-open questionnaire was employed to evaluate 854 freshmen by group-style in military medical university.Results①Freshmen were most concemed about their training stress,soldier role adaptation and emotional trouble,etc.As compared with the male,the rate of emotional trouble and interpersonal conflict of female were increased obviously ( P＜0.05 ).②The most important factor resulting in psychological problems was poor self-control,learning and training stress,military management,and so on.③The most attracting style of mental health services was communication with psychological personnel,psychological manual and movie,psychological lectures,and so on.As compared with the male,the rate of female were increased in individual counseling obviously ( P＜0.01 ).④Freshmen most focused on education of general psychological knowledge,emotion and stress management,soldier role adaptation,and so on.As compared with the male,the rate of female were increased in emotion and stress management,decreased in service role adaptation obviously ( P＜0.05 ).⑤Freshmen were most interested in emotion management,self-awareness,soldier role adaptation,and so on.As compared with the male,the rate of female were increased in emotion management training and profession programming,decreased in soldier role adaptation obviously ( P＜0.05 ).Conclusion Freshmen's psychological problems and needs for mental health services showed obvious gender difference.Military mental health services should be focused on development objectives,specification of ser-vices ,andimprovement of the service availability in military medical university.

Objective To explore the effects of group psychological training on mental health of military students and field soldiers.Methods A total of 60 students and 48 soldiers received group psychological quality training and studied a textbook Mental Quality Training for armymen for 3 months.Mental Quality Questionnaire for Amymen (MQQA),Symptom CheckList 90 (SCL-90),Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI) were employed to evaluate mental health and psychological quality of subject before and after the training.All the data were analyzed by independent-samples t test.Results (1) The difference in MQQA score of field soldiers before and after training was significantly larger than that of military students in loyalty and general score,and lower in willpower((-16.58 ± 7.75) vs.(-1.75 ± 8.68),(-27.74 ± 28.74) vs.(-12.57 ± 30.96),P ＜ 0.05).(2) The SCL-90 difference of field soldiers between before and after training was significantly larger than that of military students in hostility and phobic anxiety((0.26 ±0.47) vs.(0.07 ± 0.24),(0.13 ± 0.40) vs.(0.02 ± 0.13),P ＜ 0.05).(3) The difference in emotion score of field soldiers between before and after training was significantly larger than that of military students in SAS,SDS,SAI,TAI and STAI (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The effects of group psychological quality training on field soldier group are better than that of military students,which is helpful to improve mental quality and mental health,as well as to relax anxiety and depression of soldiers.