1.Application of Chinchilla in medical research
Bochao YANG ; Chong XIAO ; Xishan MA ; Yunbo LIU
Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica 2014;(6):110-113
Chinchilla has been successfully used as an animal model in the study of auditory system, microorgan-ism and parasitic infection, because of its unique biological features, and it can be further developed for the research of se-nile diseases, metabolic diseases, etc.This paper will introduce the related biological characteristics of chinchilla, and briefly reviewed the progress of its application in medical research.
2.Preparation and immunogenicity of influenza vaccine lyophilized liposomes
Weidong LU ; Yiju LIN ; Yunbo DAI ; Xuanxiang YANG ; Bo MA
Journal of China Pharmaceutical University 2009;40(3):218-221
Aim: To prepare the influenza vaccine lyophilized liposomes and to characterize its particle distribution, encapsulation efficiency and immunogenicity. Methods: Flu vaccine liposome based on the method of thin-film evaporation was prepared using phospholipids , cholesterol and the purified influenza virus split vaccine, and was further subjected to frozen-drying. The polymorph was observed by microscope; the particle distribution and the average size were analysed by transmission electron microscope; its encapsulation efficiency was determined by Lowry method and the antibody titers were assessed by hemagglutination-inhibition after pulmonary delivery to mice. Results: The reconstitated influenza vaccine liposome under electronic microscope were round or elliptic particles evenly distributed at a mean size of 2. 14 祄, with the encapsulation efficiency of more than 80%. The antibody titer through pulmonary delivery was higher than that through intraperitoneal injection. Conclusion: The prepared influenza vaccine lyophilized liposomes possess high encapsulation efficiency, better particle distribution and marked immunogenicity through pulmonary delivery to mice. Pulmonary delivery of influenza vaccine liposomes is a potential immunization approach worthy of further exploitation.
3.Paget's disease of metastatic scrotum: a case report
Yu QIAO ; Jiafang MA ; Zheng WANG ; Yunbo ZHAO
Chinese Journal of Geriatrics 2015;34(10):1150-1151
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4.Profile of the Invention Patents of Paeonia lactiflora Pall
Qiuling WANG ; Yunyun MA ; Yunbo SUN ; Xiaodong WANG ; Zhiyi SUN ; Haibo LIU
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2014;(7):1476-1481
Paeonia lactiflora Pall. has a long history of utilization, and is widely used in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industry. In this paper, the invention patents of traditional medicine P. lactiflora before 2014 were retrieved, and totally 18 192 patent families were obtained. And we formed the patent analysis report of medicine P. lactiflora based on a multi-angle analysis. Results show that, as to the patent number of medicine P. lactiflora, China is much more than any other country, and the applications mainly came from pharmaceutical enterprises. But the technologi-cal quality of patents and international protection ratio are low in our country. We need to strengthen in treatment of cardiovascular and liver disease. The patents mainly focused on the use of tonic health, which is compatible with Traditional Chinese Medicine. On the product development, dosage forms need to be enhanced. As to the compre-hensive utilization of resources, the flower and seed of P. lactiflora have relatively larger research space and value. This work will be helpful for researchers in deeply understanding the research achievements of medicine P. lactiflora, and provides the reference data for the future research.
5.Effect of alteplase on expressions of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in vascular endothelial cells of rats with acute cerebral infarction
Yunbo ZHU ; Jiajia LI ; Zheng MA ; Liang ZHAO
Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition) 2017;43(6):1137-1141,后插1
Objective:To investigate the effect of alteplase on the expressions of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in the vascular endothelial cells after thrombolysis in the rats with acute cerebral infarction and its mechanism,and to provide experimental evidence for its clinical application. Methods: The models of acute thrombosis of middle cerebral artery of the rats were established.Fifty-four SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group and alteplase group (n= 18).The ultrastructure of brain endothelial cells of the rats was observed under transmission electron microscope.The expression levels of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in the vascular endothelial cells of the rats were detected by immunoflurorescence and Western blotting methods.Results:The transmission electron microscope results showed that the brain volume in the ischemic area of the rats in model group was significantly increased and the endothelial cells were swollen,some of the cortical and surrounding brain tissues had obvious boundaries,and the thickness of the basement membrane was uniform and the tightly connected structure was very loose and disappeared;the swelling condition of the capillary endothelial cells in infarcted area of the rats in alteplase group was significantly reduced and the thickness of the basement membrane was improved,and most of the tightly connected structures between the brain capillary endothelial cells and the endothelial cells were loose and the fracture was lost and the structure disappeared.The immunofluorescence results showed that the expressions of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in the vascular endothelial cells of the rats in alteplase group were significantly improved compared with model group. The Western blotting results showed the expression levels of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in the vascular endothelial cells of the rats in model group were significantly decreased compared with sham operation group (P < 0.01 ); compared with model group, the expression levels of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in the vascular endothelial cells of the rats in alteplase group at different time points were increased (P < 0.01 ). Conclusion: Alteplase can improve the structure of brain endothelial cells in the rats with acute cerebral infarction,and the mechanism may be related to decreasing the expressions of Claudin-1 and Claudin-5 proteins in the vascular endothelial cells of the rats induced by alteplase.
6.Application of three-dimensional visualization technique based on CT data in the analysis of renal vascular anatomical variation
Wei ZHAO ; Yuqiao LI ; Guanli HUANG ; Chen CHEN ; Hao DING ; Huilei YAN ; Yan CHENG ; Yunbo MA
Chinese Journal of Urology 2023;44(10):742-747
Objective:To explore the application value of three-dimensional visualization technique based on CT data in the analysis of renal vascular anatomical variation.Methods:The clinical data of 210 patients with renal tumors, adrenal tumors and renal cysts who underwent renal enhanced CT from October 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, there were 114 males and 96 females with an average age of (56.5±13.2) years. The CT data were reconstructed by 3D slicer software. According to the three-dimensional visualization model, the renal vascular anatomy was analyzed from the perspective of whether it needs to be treated during laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The variation of renal artery can be divided into multiple renal arteries, premature branches of renal artery and the mixed type with the above two variations. Renal vein variation can be divided into multiple renal veins, late confluence of renal veins and mixed type with the above two variations.Results:Among the 210 patients in this study, there were no statistically significant differences in anatomical variations of renal arteries and veins between males and females ( P=0.914 and P=0.121). Among 420 kidneys, renal artery variation (174/420, 41.4%) was more common than renal vein variation (121/420, 28.8%) ( P<0.01). 32 (7.6%) right kidneys and 38 (9.0%) left kidneys have multiple renal arteries ( P=0.432). Eighty-nine cases (42.4%) had premature branches in the right renal artery, while 37 cases (17.6%) in the left kidney ( P<0.01). 24 kidneys (5.7%) showed mixed renal artery variation. 53 (12.6%) right kidneys and 3 (0.7%) left kidneys had multiple renal veins ( P<0.01). Late confluence of renal veins was found in 41 right kidneys (9.8%) and 33 left kidneys (7.9%), respectively ( P=0.306). 8 (1.9%) mixed renal vein variants were all right kidneys.. From the perspective of laparoscopic renal surgery, there were 71 cases (33.8%) of the left kidney to deal with ≥ 2 renal arteries, as well as 103 cases (49.1%) of the right kidney ( P<0.01). There were 44 cases (21.0%) of the left kidney to deal with ≥ 2 renal veins, as well as 78 cases (37.1%) of the right kidney ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The three-dimensional visualization technique based on renal CT data is helpful to accurately evaluate the renal vascular anatomy before operation. Right renal vascular variants are more common.
7.Correction of superior sulcus deformity and dermatochalasis with autologous fat transferto retro-orbicularis oculi fat (ROOF) through upper blepharoplasty incision
Yunbo JIN ; Hui CHEN ; Yajing QIU ; Lei CHANG ; Gang MA ; Xi YANG ; Chen HUA ; Wenxin YU ; Xiaojie HU ; Xiaoxi LIN
Chinese Journal of Medical Aesthetics and Cosmetology 2018;24(4):219-222
Objective To investigate an operative method of autologous fat transfer to retro-orbicularis oculi fat (ROOF) through upper blepharoplasty incision for correction of superior sulcus deformity and dermatochalasis,and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the method.Methods ROOF lies in the lateral supraorbital area.Autologous fat transfer to ROOF through upper blepharoplasty incision was performed in patients selected by examination.The efficacy and safety were evaluated by follow-up study.Results From March 2013 to June 2017,23 selected patients received the treatment with 3 months to 50 months (mean,20.4 months) follow-up.The amount of fat graft for each palpebra was 0.6 to 2.0 ml,and the mean graft amount was 1.4 ml.The superior sulcus deformity improved significantly in 22 (95.7%) cases.All 23 cases achieved significant improvement of dermatochalasis.22 (95.7%) cases were satisfied with the result.No major complications occurred.Conclusions Autologous fat transfer to ROOF through upper blepharoplasty incision is effective and safe in correction of superior sulcus deformity and dermatochalasis,The operative method should be a good choice for selected patients.
8.Distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacterial isolates from blood culture in China, 2014-2015
Yunbo CHEN ; Jinru JI ; Chaoqun YING ; Ying HUANG ; Jilu SHEN ; Hui DING ; Jinwei HUANG ; Yuanyuan DAI ; Yongyun LIU ; Liping ZHANG ; Liang GUO ; Baohua ZHANG ; Yanhong LI ; Haifeng MAO ; Li WANG ; Lin ZHENG ; Beiqing GU ; Haixin DONG ; Chuandan WAN ; Zhixiang LIAO ; Rong XU ; Shuyan HU ; Li SUN ; Shucun ZHANG ; Lan MA ; Bo QUAN ; Jianzhong WANG ; Zhenghai YANG ; Wencheng ZHU ; Fei DU ; Dengyan QIAO ; Xiusan XIA ; Lanjuan LI ; Yonghong XIAO
Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019;12(1):24-37
Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture in China.Methods Clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture from participating hospitals of Blood Bacterial Resistance Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) during January 2014 to December 2015 were collected.Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted with agar dilution or broth dilution methods as recommended by US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)2018.The data were analyzed with Whonet 5.6 software.Results During the study period,4 801 clinical bacterial isolates were collected from 26 hospitals,of which 1 798 (37.5%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 3 003 (62.5%) were gram-negative bacteria.The top 10 isolates were Escherichia coli (33.8%),coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (19.0%),Klebsiella pneumoniae (11.9%),Staphylococcus aureus (10.1%),Acinetobacter baumannii (4.0%),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.8%),Streptococcus (3.0%),Enterobacter sulcus (2.9%),Enterococcus faecium (2.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis (1.8%).Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillinresistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) accounted for 33.9% (165/487) and 56.9% (520/913) of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus respectively.No vancomycinresistant Staphylococcus was detected.The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin was 0.7% (1/135),and no vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecaliss was detected.The positive rates of extendedspectrum β-1actamases(ESBLs)-producing Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus were 56.9% (923/1 621),30.1% (172/572) and 29.2% (7/24),respectively.The positive rates of carbapenemresistant Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Enterobacter,Salmonella and Citrobacter were 1.2% (20/1 621),7.2% (41/572),4.3% (6/141),1.5% (1/67) and 2.9% (1/34),respectively.The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin and tegacycline were 2.6% (5/190) and 8.9% (17/190)respectively,and that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to polymyxin and fosfomycin were 1.1% (2/183)and 0.6% (1/183),respectively.Conclusions The surveillance results from 2014 to 2015 show that the main pathogens of blood stream infection in China are Gram-negative bacteria,while Escherichia coli is the most common pathogen,the detection rate of MRSA is lower than other surveillance data in the same period in China;carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli are at a low level as shown in this surveillance.
9.BRICS report of 2018-2019: the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical isolates from blood culture in China
Yunbo CHEN ; Jinru JI ; Chaoqun YING ; Peipei WANG ; Zhiying LIU ; Qing YANG ; Haishen KONG ; Hui DING ; Yongyun LIU ; Haifeng MAO ; Ying HUANG ; Zhenghai YANG ; Yuanyuan DAI ; Guolin LIAO ; Lisha ZHU ; Liping ZHANG ; Yanhong LI ; Hongyun XU ; Junmin CAO ; Baohua ZHANG ; Liang GUO ; Haixin DONG ; Shuyan HU ; Sijin MAN ; Lu WANG ; Zhixiang LIAO ; Rong XU ; Dan LIU ; Yan JIN ; Yizheng ZHOU ; Yiqun LIAO ; Fenghong CHEN ; Beiqing GU ; Jiliang WANG ; Jinhua LIANG ; Lin ZHENG ; Aiyun LI ; Jilu SHEN ; Yinqiao DONG ; Lixia ZHANG ; Hongxia HU ; Bo QUAN ; Wencheng ZHU ; Kunpeng LIANG ; Qiang LIU ; Shifu WANG ; Xiaoping YAN ; Jiangbang KANG ; Xiusan XIA ; Lan MA ; Li SUN ; Liang LUAN ; Jianzhong WANG ; Zhuo LI ; Dengyan QIAO ; Lin ZHANG ; Lanjuan LI ; Yonghong XIAO
Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021;14(1):32-45
Objective:To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacteria isolated from blood culture in China.Methods:The clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture from member hospitals of Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) were collected during January 2018 to December 2019. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted with agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze data.Results:During the study period, 14 778 bacterial strains were collected from 50 hospitals, of which 4 117 (27.9%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 10 661(72.1%) were Gram-negative bacteria. The top 10 bacterial species were Escherichia coli (37.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.0%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.7%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (8.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.7%), Enterococcus faecium (3.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii(3.4%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.9%), Streptococci(2.8%) and Enterococcus faecalis (2.3%). The the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were 27.4% (394/1 438) and 70.4% (905/1 285), respectively. No glycopeptide-resistant Staphylococcus was detected. More than 95% of S. aureus were sensitive to amikacin, rifampicin and SMZco. The resistance rate of E. faecium to vancomycin was 0.4% (2/504), and no vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis was detected. The ESBLs-producing rates in no carbapenem-resistance E. coli, carbapenem sensitive K. pneumoniae and Proteus were 50.4% (2 731/5 415), 24.6% (493/2001) and 35.2% (31/88), respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 1.5% (85/5 500), 20.6% (518/2 519), respectively. 8.3% (27/325) of carbapenem-resistance K. pneumoniae was resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam combination. The resistance rates of A. baumannii to polymyxin and tigecycline were 2.8% (14/501) and 3.4% (17/501) respectively, and that of P. aeruginosa to carbapenem were 18.9% (103/546). Conclusions:The surveillance results from 2018 to 2019 showed that the main pathogens of bloodstream infection in China were gram-negative bacteria, while E. coli was the most common pathogen, and ESBLs-producing strains were in majority; the MRSA incidence is getting lower in China; carbapenem-resistant E. coli keeps at a low level, while carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae is on the rise obviously.
10.BRICS report of 2016-2017: the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical isolates from blood culture in China
Yunbo CHEN ; Jinru JI ; Chaoqun YING ; Peipei WANG ; Qing YANG ; Haishen KONG ; Yongyun LIU ; Ying HUANG ; Yuanyuan DAI ; Liping ZHANG ; Hui DING ; Liang GUO ; Baohua ZHANG ; Lisha ZHU ; Haifeng MAO ; Zhixiang LIAO ; Yanhong LI ; Lu WANG ; Shuyan HU ; Zhenghai YANG ; Beiqing GU ; Haixin DONG ; Fei DU ; Lin ZHENG ; Bo QUAN ; Wencheng ZHU ; Jianzhong WANG ; Lan MA ; Rong XU ; Li SUN ; Aiyun LI ; Junmin CAO ; Jinhua LIANG ; Hongyun XU ; Kunpeng LIANG ; Dengyan QIAO ; Xiaoyan QI ; Xiusan XIA ; Lanjuan LI ; Yonghong XIAO
Chinese Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020;13(1):42-54
Objective:To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacteria isolated from blood culture in China.Methods:The clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture from member hospitals of Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) were collected during January 2016 to December 2017. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by US Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2019. WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze data.Results:During the study period, 8 154 bacterial strains were collected from 33 hospitals, of which 2 325 (28.5%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 5 829 (71.5%) were Gram-negative bacteria. The top 10 bacterial species were Escherichia coli (34.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (11.3%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (7.4%), Acinetobacter baumannii (4.6%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.9%), Enterococcus faecium (3.8%), Streptococci (2.9%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.7%) and Enterococcus faecalis (2.5%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (MRCNS) accounted for 34.2%(315/922) and 77.7%(470/605), respectively. No vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus was detected. The resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium to vancomycin was 0.6%(2/312), and no vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was detected. The ESBLs-producing rates in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus were 55.7%(1 576/2 831), 29.9%(386/1 289) and 38.5%(15/39), respectively. The incidences of carbapenem-resistance in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae were 1.2%(33/2 831), 17.5%(226/1 289), respectively. The resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to polymyxin and tigecycline were 14.8%(55/372) and 5.9%(22/372) respectively, and those of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to polymyxin and carbapenem were 1.3%(4/315) and 18.7%(59/315), respectively. Conclusion:The surveillance results from 2016 to 2017 showed that the main pathogens of blood stream infection in China were gram-negative bacteria, while Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen; the MRSA incidence was lower than other surveillance data in the same period in China; carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli was at a low level during this surveillance, while carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is on the rise.