Objective To observe the clinical effect of herbal decoction Sishen Jian on acute osteoarthritis of knee joint.Methods The 60 osteoarthritis cases in the attack stage were randomized into treatment group(30 cases)and control group(30 cases).The treatment group was given the decoction Sishen Jian and Diclofenac Sodium Sustained Release Capsules and the control group was given the capsules only.Two weeks made one course of treatment.Before and after treatment,the symptoms such as pain and morning stiff- ness,the signs including joint swelling and tenderness,and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)and C reactive protein were ob- served for comparison.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group and control group was 96.66% and 53.26% respec- tively.The difference of two groups was significant(P

Objective To explore the effect of triperygium wilfordii polyglucoside(TWP) on the podocytes of rats with diabetes nephropathy(DN). Methods One hundred SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (Group A),DN group (Group B),TWP group(Group C).TWP group was divided into 3 subgroups(Ca,Cb,Cc)according to the different doses 4,8,16mg·kg-1·d-1,respectively.Rats in DN group and TWp group were given streptozocin(STZ)by intraperitoneal injection to establish animal model of diabetes.After 12 weeks,24 h urinary protein excretion rate(UAER),BUN,Scr,white blood cell(WBC),blood glucose(Glu),and kidney weight (KW)/body weight(BW)were determined.The renal pathological changes were evaluated by HE staining.The structural change of podocytes was observed by transmission electron microscope.The expressions of nephrin and podocin were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Results (1)Compared to group A,Scr,BUN,Glu,KW/BW,and UAER were significantly higher(P＜0.05)in group B and group C.Whereas the elevated liver enzymes and the decreased WBC were presented in group Cc (3/20). Compared to group A, the protein expressions of nephrin and podocin in nephridial tissue were lower, and the significant differences of pathomorphology in glomerulus,tubules and podocytes were observed in group B and group C. (2) Compared to group B, KW/BW and UAER were lower in group C (P＜0.01); the protein expressions of nephrin and podocin were higher in nephridial tissue; the pathomorphological improvements were exhibited in glomerulus,tubules and podocytes in group C, paralleled with the increase of TWP dose (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions TWP may exert the protective effect on podocytes in diabetic nephropathy rats,dependent on the dose of TWP. The mechanism may be associated with the up-regulatied expressions of nephrin and podocin.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; pathology ; HIV ; isolation & purification ; HIV Infections ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, AIDS-Related ; classification ; epidemiology ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; virology

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of huoxuexiaoying tablet on experimental goiter of rats. Methods The rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control, the model control group, huoxuexiaoying tablet at different doses,and the sodium levothyroxine group ( Euthyrox group) . Except for the rats in the control,the rats in other groups were given with propylthiouracil (20 mg·kg-1 ·d-1 ) by intragastric ( i. g. ) administration every day for 60 days. Meanwhile, some rats were treated with huoxuexiaoying tablet at low (4. 4 g·kg-1·d-1),middle (8. 8 g·kg-1·d-1) and high dose (17. 6 g·kg-1 ·d-1 ) orally,and those in the Euthyrox group were given with 7. 8μg·kg-1 ·d-1 Euthyrox by i. g. administration. The rats in the control group were administrated with the same volume of saline (N. S). After 60 days of treatment,the rats were sacrificed,the organ indexes of thyroid and pituitary and the levels of free triiodothyronine ( FT3 )、free thyroxin ( FT4 ) and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH) in serum,were tested. The expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),transforming growth factor-β( TGF-β) and B-cell lymphoma 2 gene ( Bcl-2 ) were examined by immunofluorescence. Results Compared with the model,organ indexes of thyroid were significantly reduced by huoxuexiaoying tablet at three doses (P<0. 05),but not for the pituitary (P>0. 05). The levels of FT3 and FT4 were in a elevating trend,but TSH decreased with no significance (P>0. 05). The morphological structure of thyroid was greatly improved by huoxuexiaoying tablet in comparison with the model. In which the gland dilated,thyroid follicular restored to moderate size,epithelia were cubic or flattened and follicular cavity filled with abundant glial. The expression of bFGF and Bcl-2 decreased significantly (P<0. 01) while TGF-β expression increased notably (P<0. 01). Conclusion Huoxuexiaoying tablet has a great anti-goiter effect,the mechanism of which may be related to promoting thyroid cells apoptosis and inhibiting thyroid cells proliferation.

Objective To study the efficacy of rituximab in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and its underlying mechanism. Methods A 38-year-old female with PV presented with refractory, painful oral ulcers and erosions. Since she was poorly responsive to prednisone 80 mg daily, intravenous ritu-ximab of 500 mg once a week was given for successive 3 weeks followed by 5 successive days of intra-venous gamma globulin at a dose of 400 mg/kg per day, and a total of two treatment sessions were conducted. ELISA was used to detect the serum titer of anti-Dsg3 antibodies and their IgG subtypes (IgG1 and IgG4) as well as serum level of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10). Results Three months after the end of two treatment sessions, the symptom was obviously improved, and lesions subsided; alter another 1 month, clinical symptom fully disappeared. During the 1-year follow-up, no lesions recurred. The anti-Dsg3 antibody titer was 253.33 U/mL before treatment, plateaued at 250 U/mL within 4 weeks after the initial infusion, decreased till 3 months after the withdrawal, and reached 26.06 U/mL 7 months after the withdrawal, and remained within normal range till the time of this writing. The serum titer of IgGl subclass of anti-Dsg3 antibodies dropped dramatically fight after the first infusion, but that of IgG4 subclass remained at a high level at early stage of medication, began to decline until 3 months after the with-drawal, and finally reached the normal range following clinical remission. Also, serum level of IFN-garnma and IL-10 correlated with the severity of PV. Conclusions Combined rituximab is effective for the control of PV, likely by eliminating Dsg3-specific antibodies, especially IgG4 subclass of them.

Objective To explore the effect of surgical treatment on primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgking lymphoma(NHL) in children.Methods Nine cases of clinical and follow-up data of primary gastrointestinal NHL were studied retrospectively to evaluate the effect of surgical treatment on primary gastrointestinal NHL in children.Results Seven cases were male and 2 cases were female.The mean age was(5.59?3.27)years old.The clinical manifestation included abdominal mass (7 cases),abdominal pain (5 cases),fever (2 cases),haematemesis and melena (2 cases),constipation (1 case) and paroxysmal abdominal pain with vomiting (1 case).Nine cases were diagnosed as primary gastrointestinal NHL,including 1 case of intussusception,1 case of acute appendicitis,2 cases of gastrointestinal obstruction,2 cases of gastrointestinal bleeding and 3 cases of abdominal mass.One case received the operation of intussusception reduction,tumor resection and intestinal anastomosis.One case received appendectomy.One case received the operation of tumor biopsy and transverse colon colostomy.Six cases received laparotomy.Six cases were diagnosed as Burkitt lymphoma.One case was anaplastic large cell lymphoma and 2 cases were diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.One case was at stage Ⅰ,1 case was at stage ⅠE,2 cases were at stage Ⅱ,3 cases were at stage ⅡE and 2 cases were at stage Ⅲ.Nine patients had received operation.One case died after operation and 8 cases had received combined chemotherapy.The 1 and 3 years survival rates were 75.0% and 37.5%,respectively.Conclusions Acute abdomen is often the first symptom of primary gastrointestinal NHL in children and comprehensive surgical treatment is an effective procedure for it.

In this study, a composite cell model for evaluation of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) was established in vitro from the perspective of immune inflammation. And this model was used to evaluate the risk of IDILI for 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-cis-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside (Cis-SG) and 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside (Trans-SG). To determine the low, medium, and high dosage of Cis-SG and Trans-SG, CellTiter-Glo^® 3D Cell Viability Assay was used to detect the effects of Cis-SG and Trans-SG on cell viability of HepG2 cells in three dimensional (3D) culture, and MTT assay was used to detect the effects of Cis-SG and Trans-SG on cell viability of THP-1 derived macrophages. THP-1 derived macrophages were incubated by Cis-SG and Trans-SG directly or supernatants from HepG2 cells incubated with them. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the supernatants of the THP-1 derived macrophages. Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine the expression of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (caspase-1), and IL-1β in THP-1 derived macrophages. The results showed that there was no effect on the secretion of IL-1β in THP-1 derived macrophages incubated by Cis-SG and Trans-SG directly. However, the secretion of IL-1β, the protein and mRNA expression of ASC, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β significantly increased in THP-1 derived macrophages incubated by supernatants from HepG2 cells incubated with 1, 5, and 25 μmol·L^-1 Cis-SG or 25 μmol·L^-1 Trans-SG. In summary, the composite cell model for evaluation of IDILI established in vitro has been successfully applied in testing Cis-SG and Trans-SG. This composite cell model is helpful to evaluate and screen drugs with IDILI risk in vitro preliminarily, which provides methods for predicting and solving the idiosyncratic liver toxicity of drugs.

OBJECTIVETo study the intervention of astragalus injection in the kidney injury of infants with congenital heart disease after cardiopulmonary bypass, thus providing a new method for protection of the kidney injury in them.

METHODSForty infants undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass were randomly assigned to the test group and the control group, twenty in each group. Astragalus Injection (at the dose of 2 mL/kg) was added in the perfusion fluid before giving to infants in the test group before bypass, while the normal saline of the same volume was added in the perfusion fluid before giving to infants in the control group (P < 0.01). The concentrations of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF)-alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), cystatin C (CysC), and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were detected with ELISA at the following time points, i.e., before bypass (T1), by the end of the surgery (T2), 2 h after surgery (T3), 6 h after surgery (T4), and 24 h after surgery (T5).

RESULTSThe serum CysC concentrations were not significantly higher after CPB (P > 0.05). The urinary NAG level increased significantly in the control group after surgery (P < 0.05), but no obvious increase of the urinary NAG level was found in the test group after surgery (P > 0.05). It was obviously lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). After CPB serum TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels increased significantly in the control group (P < 0.05), while they were lower in the test group than in the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSCPB may result in the renal tubular injury in infants with congenital heart disease. The application of Astragalus Injection before the CPB plays a role in protecting renal tubular functions.

Acetylglucosaminidase ; urine ; Astragalus Plant ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; adverse effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; blood ; drug therapy ; urine ; Humans ; Infant ; Interleukin-10 ; blood ; Kidney Function Tests ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Postoperative Period ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical symptom and effect of arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) cysts of the knee.

METHODSClinical data from 12 symptomatic ACL cysts patients from January 2005 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed,including 8 males and 4 females,with an average age of (33.7±9.5) years old (ranged, 19 to 53 years old). The locations were the left knee in 5 cases and the right knee in 7 cases. The disease duration ranged from 3 to 48 months,with a mean of (15.8±13.2) months. All cysts were arthroscopically resected. Range of motion was measured preoperatively and postoperatively, and Lysholm scoring system was used to evaluate the knee function.

RESULTSAll the incisions healed by first intention, and no complications occurred. Twelve patients were followed up for an average of (32.3±6.6) months(ranged, 24 to 48 months). The symptoms of arthralgia,swelling and interlocking of the affected knees disappeared. There was no recurrence during the follow-up. There were significant differences in the range of motion and Lysholm score between pre-operation and post-operation.

CONCLUSIONArthroscopic surgery, showing its advantages of minimal invasion and rapid recovery,is an effective measure in the treatment of ACL cysts.

Adult ; Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Arthroscopy ; methods ; Cysts ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Range of Motion, Articular

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Cordyceps Sinensis (CS) and Tripterygium wilfordii Polyglycosidium (TWP) on the podocytes in rats with diabetes nephropathy (DN).

METHODSRat models of DN were established and rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (Group A), the DN group (Group B), the CS group (Group C), the TWP group (Group D), and the CS combined TWP group (Group E). The changes of 24-h urinary protein count (24-h pro), blood glucose (Glu), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), white blood cell (WBC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and kidney weight/body weight (KW/BW) were determined 12 weeks later. The renal pathological changes were evaluated by HE staining. The microstructural changes of podocytes were observed by transmission electron microscope. The expressions of nephrin and podocin were detected by immunofluorescence staining.

RESULTSCompared with Group A, the levels of SCr and BUN were higher (P < 0.05), Glu, KW/BW, and 24 h pro were obviously higher in Group B (P < 0.01). There were less glomerular disorder, chronic tubulointerstitial damage and glomerular podocyte lesion in Group B. The expressions of the massive cortical nephrin and podocin protein were obviously less in Group B. Compared with Group B, the KW/BW and 24 h pro in Group C, D, and E were lower (P < 0.01). The pathomorphological improvement was exhibited in the glomerulus, tubules, and podocytes. The protein expressions of nephrin and podocin were higher in the renal cortex. Compared with Group C, the KW/BW and 24-h pro decreased in Group D and E, the expressions of nephrin and podocin were enhanced, and the lesions of the glomerulus, tubules, and podocytes were alleviated, showing statistical difference (P < 0.01). The most significant changes happened in Group E.

CONCLUSIONSCS and TWP could alleviate the DN proteinuria, protect and repair podocytes of DN rats. Its mechanisms might be correlated with up-regulating the expressions of nephrin and podocin. The combined use of CS and TWP could increase the efficacy and attenuate adverse reactions of TWP.

Animals ; Cordyceps ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; pathology ; Male ; Podocytes ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tripterygium