Breast Neoplasms ; etiology ; genetics ; pathology ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; genetics ; Humans ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Phyllodes Tumor ; etiology ; genetics ; pathology ; Stromal Cells ; pathology

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 ; Fenretinide ; therapeutic use ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Breast Neoplasms ; classification ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; classification ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Genes, BRCA1 ; Humans ; Mutation

Cadherins ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; Inflammatory Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptor, Notch3 ; Receptors, CCR7 ; metabolism ; Receptors, CXCR4 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Notch ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the role of SCF on neuronal apoptosis induced by diabetes and its possible mechanism.Methods Twenty-seven male C57 mice were randomly divided into control group,diabetes group,and diabe-tes plus stem cell factor(SCF)group.The diabetic mice were induced by streptozotocin.TUNEL staining was used to assess neuronal apoptosis and western blot were used to detect the protein level of BCL-2,BAX,CASPASE 3 and P-ERK/ERK.Results Compared with the controls,the number of apoptotic neuron death and the protein levels of active CASPASE 3 were significantly increased in the cortex of diabetic mice.Treatment with SCF significantly reduced apoptotic neuron death and attenuated the increased in protein levels of active CASPASE 3 in the cortex of diabetic mice.The levels of BCL-2 and BAX were significantly increased in the diabetic animals compared to the controls.Treatment with SCF could significantly attenuated the increase in the expression of BAX but could not affect the level of BCL-2 in the cortex of diabetic mice.P-ERK was significantly decreased in the diabete group but not in dibete plus SCF group.Conclusions SCF can protect a-gainst diabete-induced apoptotic neuron death through increasing the phosphorylation of ERK and influencing the expression of BCL-2/BAX.

Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Organics of the phthalocyanine category have very good nonlinear optical properties. The single-walled carbon nanotubes were modified by using the phenoxy phthalocyanine. Characterization analysis was made by means of the transmission electron microscope (TEM), ultraviolet visible absorptive spectra, fluorescent spectra and Raman spectra. Under the TEM, it was observed that the composite looked like sugarcoated haws. By comparing the ultraviolet visible absorptive spectra before and after absorption, it was disclosed that the spectral intensity and the intensity of the peaks in the fluorescent spectra dropped remarkably. This shows that the single-walled carbon nanotubes have absorbed a large number of phenoxy phthalocyanines. Raman analysis revealed that in the Raman spectra, the position of the main peaks of the single-walled carbon nanotubes after absorption moved in the direction of long waves. The analysis suggests that the movement of the Raman spectra results from the change in the state of the single-walled carbon nanotubes before and after absorption.

To providing evidence about nitrogen adequate application of Platycodon grandiflorum, the pot culture experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen on the growth, physiological metabolism and the quality of P. grandiflorum. The activity of NR, GS and SOD, POD and CAT were determined. And the nitrate and ammonium nitrogen content, photosynthetic characteristics, active components of P. grandiflorum were determined. The results showed that the nitrate nitrogen content and P. biomass reached its maximum value, when NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N was 0: 100, the activity of NR. The activity of GS was the highest at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25:75 and ammonium nitrogen content was the highest at 75:25. The activity of SOD decreased and then increased with the increasing of NO3(-) -N. At the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25: 75, the activity of CAT had its maximum value and the content of MDA had the minimum value. At the same time, the content of platycodon D was the highest at this treatment. The studies had shown that different nitrogen forms and ratio had a significant effect on the characteristics of photosynthetic physiology, nitrogen metabolism and resistance adjustment, growth and the quality of P. grandiflorum. The NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 25: 75 was a suitable ratio of nitrogen forms for the growth of P. Grandiflorum and accumulating the content of platycodon D.
Ammonium Compounds ; metabolism ; Biomass ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; metabolism ; Nitrates ; metabolism ; Photosynthesis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Platycodon ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of hypertension on left atrial myocardial properties by strain and strain rate(SR)imaging.Methods A total of 56 consecutive patients with hypertension were divided into 2 groups:33 with normal LVMI and 23 with left ventricular hypertrophy.These patients and 20 controls underwent transthoracic echocardiography,strain and SR imaging examination.Atrial strain and SR values of hypertensive patients were compared with those of controls.Results When compared with the controls,early diastolic SR(ESR)was significantly decreased in hypertensive patients(P＜0.01-0.001),with time to peak late diastolic SR corrected for heart rate(TASRe)significantly increased in normal LVMI subgroup(P＜0.05).Moreover,late diastolic SR(ASR)were significantly decreased(P＜0.05)in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy as compared with normal LVMI.Conclusions Enlargement of left atrium leads to increased reservoir function in hypertensive patients,which compensates for the deterioration of conduit function.The duration of atrial systole may be prolonged to meet the need of ventricular filling in consequence of lower left atrial booster pump function.Noninvasive quantification of left atrial function by SR imaging enables evaluation of left atrial dysfunction due to hypertension.

Objective To characterize the features of breast mucinous carcinoma on T2WI, dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging (DCE-MRI) and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and correlate the MR features with histopathology. Methods MR imaging in 8 women (aged 33--65 years old) with mncinous carcinoma of the breast verified histopathologically was performed on 1.5 T scanner with T1WI, FS T2 WI, 3D DCE-MRI using volume imaging for breast assessment(VIBRANT) sequence, DWI with b value of 500 and 1000 s/mm2 by single-shot EPI sequence. According to the lexicon of BI-RADS-MRI designed by ACR, the MR findings were retrospectively studied, including morphology, signal intensity on T1WI and FS T2WI, mass enhancement, the patterns of dynamic enhancement curve, and the mean ADC on DWI. The pathologic diagnosis was made according to the standard criteria by the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors. Results Five patients were pure mucinous carcinoma and 3 patients were the mixed. The amount of mucus ranged from 60% to 90%. All 8 tumors presented as a mass on MRI with low signal intensity on T1WI, high or strongly high signal intensity on FS T2WI and high signal on DWI. The tumor size ranged from 1.3 to 3. 2 cm in diameter. Five tumors showed rim enhancement in early phase and the central part was gradually enhanced in delayed phase. One tumor presented slightly heterogeneous enhancement. Two tumors showed progressively heterogeneous enhancement. The mean ADC values of tumor were (2.41±0.28) ×10-3 mm2/s with b value of 500 s/mm2 and (2.06 ±0. 14) × 10-3 mm2/s with b value of 1000 s/mm2, and higher than that of the normal breast tissue [ ( 1.71 ±0. 32) × 10-3 and ( 1.43 ± 0. 24) × 10-3 mm2/s]. Conclusions The MR features of breast mucinous carcinoma on T1WI, DCE-MRI, and DWI are different from that of invasive ductal carcinomas and may reflect its distinct histological type. The combination of these MR sequences may lead to a pre-operative diagnosis of this tumor.