Objective: To study the effects of estradiol plus testosterone on the proliferation and apoptosis of breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and to elucidate the possible mechanism. Methods: The growth of MCF-7 cells treated with estradiol (10-10 mol/L) or testosterone (10-5, 10 -7, 10-9 and 10-11 mol/L) alone or in combination for 24, 48 and 72 h was detected by MTT assay. The cell cycle distribution and the apoptosis rate of MCF-7 cells were determined by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression levels of cyclinD1 and androgen receptor (AR) proteins were examined by FCM. Results: The proliferation ability of MCF-7 cells was elevated after treatment with estradiol, and this effect could be inhibited by a higher concentration of testosterone (10-5 mol/L) while improved by a lower concentration of testosterone (10-9 mol/L). After treatment with estradiol plus testosterone (10-5 mol/L) for 48 h, the G1/S phase transition of MCF-7 cells was accelerated, and the apoptosis rate was increased; the expression level of cyclinD1 protein was increased while no change of AR protein expression was observed. Conclusion: Estradiol combined with testosterone of high concentration can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and improve the apoptosis. This effect may be associated with the up-regulation of cyclinD1 expression. Copyright© 2011 by the Editorial Board of Tumor.

Health Promotion ; Humans ; Pilot Projects ; Workplace

Occupational high-altitude disease（OHAD）is the most common occupational disease in high altitude areas，which seriously damage the health and working ability of workers. The influencing factors of OHAD are numerous and complex， including natural environment factors（altitude，low pressure，hypoxia，low temperature，low humidity，strong solar radiation， and variable climate），occupational factors（the way entering the plateau，labor intensity，physical factors，and chemical factors）and individual factors（generation birthplace and long-term residence，gender，age，sleep，mental and psychological factors，smoking，obesity，and illness）. The lack of proper scientific and technical support and corresponding occupational health technical services for high altitude operation are also important influencing factors of OHAD. Effectively avoiding the above factors is the key to prevent and control OHAD. By improving the degree of mechanization and automation of operations， strengthening the research on pathogenesis，scientific oxygen supply technology，real-time occupational health monitoring technology and dynamic monitoring technology of occupational harmful factors，would be helpful to comprehensively prevent and control the occurrence of OHAD，and ensure the occupational health of workers who work at high altitude areas.

Objective To optimize the concentrate process ofDanshen injection.Methods The concentration changes of Salvianic acid A sodium, Protocatechuic aldehyde and Salvianolic acid B were selected as indexes to compare mospheric concentrate, vacuum concentrate, nanofiltration concentrate and nanofiltration-vacuum coupling concentrate methods with HPLC. Results Phenolic acid composition changed when atmospheric and vacuum concentrate method were used. Retention rate of three phenolic acids were over 93% after nanofiltration concentration, but the concentration efficiency was limited by solution viscosity. Nanofiltration-vacuum coupling concentrate methods could solve the above problems, meanwhile, retention rate of three phenolic acids were over 91%.Conclusions Nanofiltration technology takes advantage in medicine extraction concentrate with heat sensitive ingredients, and its application prospect in traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical industry would be broad.

The ability of repair and regeneration of central nervous system (CNS) is limited. So many researchers applied themselves to search a valuable cell resource for treating severe diseases of the CNS. Several studies from different laboratories have recently reported that stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood under certain in vitro conditions can manifest neural features that resemble features of neural-derived cells. In vivo transplantation studies have shown that these stem cells persistently engraft in the CNS, some engrafted cells acquire the characteristics of neurons and glia, and improve functional recovery after central nervous system injury. The existence of stem/progenitor cells with previously unappreciated proliferation and differentiation potential in umbilical cord blood raise the possibility that cord blood may provide an efficient source of cells differentiating into the neural lineage, with a potential to be employed in the therapy of human CNS diseases. The achievement and focuses on the mechanisms and modulation of induction of differentiation and in vitro and in vivo studies in this field was reviewed.

Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that has been used in the treatments of stroke patients. Our purpose was to investigate the effects of low-frequency rTMS on the hand motor function recovery for stroke patients. After searching from electronic database from January 1990 to April 2012, we collected randomized controlled trials explored the low-frequency rTMS effects on the hand motor function rehabilitation. A total of 7 comparisons (N = 216) from 5 articles were included in this study. We summarized the effect size by calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD). Summary of effect size (SES) indicated positive effects of low-frequency rTMS on the finger motor ability (SMD = 0.58) and hand function (SMD = -0.98). Few adverse effects occurred. The evidence showed that low-frequency rTMS could improve the paretic hand recovery after stroke.
Hand ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Recovery of Function ; Stroke ; therapy ; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Objective To explore the real ear to coupler difference (RECD) changes in children with hearing aids .Methods 132 severe to profound hearing impaired children who came to hearing center for hearing aids exami-nation and adjustment were recruited into the study .They were put into 6 groups according to the test age ,<1 yr group(15 cases) ,1 yrs group(26 cases) ,2 yrs group(36 cases) ,3 yrs group(29 cases) and 4 yrs group(26 cases) . And all of them had the RECD tests for both ears with custom earmolds .Results The average RECDs for both ears decreased with the age increased .There were statistically differences for the same lateral ears when age differences surpass 2 years except for the difference for left ears between the children in the <1 yr group and 2 yrs group .This study showed there were statistically differences between left and right ears for majority of groups (except for 2 yrs group) .Conclusion RECD is an important factor for individual adjustment .The current results show that the chil-dren with hearing aids should have RECD tests for both ears at least once per two years .

Objective To investigate the characteristic changes of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) of normal hearing newborn and infants .Methods One hundred and forty -five cases (290 ears) normal hearing new-born and infants were enrolled for ABR test .Before that they passed the distortion product otoacoustic emissions and acoustic immitance test previously .According to age ,13 (26 ears) of 145 were included in the 1~7 days age group ,17 (34 ears) was in the 30~59 days age group ,20 (40 ears) in the 2~4 months age group ,19 (38 ears) in the 5~7 months age group ,17 (34 ears) in the 8~10 months age group ,18 (36 ears) in the 11~13 months age group ,12 (24 ears) in the 14~16 months age group ,13 (26 ears) in the 17~19 months age group ,16 (32 ears) in the more than 20~24 months age group .The control group was 20 (40 ears) normal hearing young persons (18~25 years old) .The variation of the peak latency and interpeak latency of waves were observed ,and compared with the normal young people .Results In 70 dB nHL click sound stimulus ,the peak latency and interpeak latency ofⅠ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅴ waves of normal hearing neonates and infants progressively shortened as they grew older .As they ap-proach 18 months or more old age ,their peak latency and interpeak latency of Ⅰ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅴ waves may be same as nor-mal young people .Conclusion With the growth of the age ,the peak latency and interpeak latency of Ⅰ ,Ⅲ ,Ⅴwaves of normal hearing newborn and infants gradually shortened .The reason may be related to the maturity of the auditory system .

Objective To assess the contractility of levator ani muscle in postpartum female using pelvic floor three-dimensional ultrasound and to provide an effective imaging basis for the change of levator ani muscle contractility in postpartum female.Methods Totally 75 postpartum women (55 underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery and 20 underwent selective cesarean delivery) and 40 nulliparas were examined by pelvic floor three-dimensional ultrasound.The images were obtained at rest and at maximal levator ani muscle contraction.The sagittal hiatal length (L) on the two-dimensional sagittal images,the area of levator hiatus (A) and the circumference of levator hiatus (C) were measured on the three-dimensional images,and the difference value between rest and contraction were calculated to get the △L,△A,△C.Then the △L,△A,△C between different groups were compared.Results The △L,△A,△C in spontaneous vaginal delivery group and selective cesarean delivery group were smaller than those in nulliparas group (P ＜0.05),and there was no statistical difference between spontaneous vaginal delivery and selective cesarean delivery group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Three-dimensional ultrasound can effectively assess the the contractility of levator ani muscle,the levator ani muscle contractility of postpartum female was poorer than nulliparas,and between spontaneous vaginal delivery and selective cesarean delivery women there is no obvious difference.

Objective To raise the awareness of acute kidney injury (AKI) and improve the level of diagnosis.Methods All the hospitalized adult patients in the Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2012 to July 2013 were screened.Those patients diagnosed as AKI were retrospectively analyzed in terms of incidence,the rate of missed diagnosis,etiology,distribution and prognosis of AKI.Results (1) The incidence of AKI in the patients was 0.67％ (381/56 835),the ratio of male to female was 1.91 ∶ 1,and the average age was (63.45±16.95) years.(2)There were 321 cases diagnosed as pre-renal AKI (84.25％),42 cases diagnosed as renal AKI (11.02％) and 18 cases diagnosed as post-renal AKI (4.72％).(3)There were 189 cases(49.61％) missed diagnosed among all the screened cases.The rates of missed diagnosis in neurosurgery,general surgery and cardiac surgery department was 62.96％,59.09％ and 50.00％,in cardiology,respiratory and neurology department was 50.00％,50.00％ and 45.45％ respectively.(4) Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hypertension [odds ratio(OR)=1.631],renal replacement therapy(RRT)(OR=23.256) and oliguria history (OR=1.936) were independent risk factors of missed AKI diagnosis.Conclusion The missed diagnosis rate of AKI is high and has certain characteristics in different departments.Hypertension,RRT and oliguria history are independent impact factors of missed AKI diagnosis.