[Summary] In the treatment of very-early stage hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) , several therapies have their own strengths . Liver transplantation, surgical resection, and percutaneous ablation are the most effective procedures for very-early stage HCC.Liver transplantation is difficult to carry out due to lack of donors .Surgical resection and percutaneous ablation are the most commonly used methods with ideal effects .Compared with surgical resection , percutaneous ablation has its obvious advantages in patients with small HCC and senile patients , but the recurrence rate is relatively high .When the above mentioned three methods are not feasible , transarterial chemoembolization is a remedial treatment .Combined use of local therapy is superior to topical therapy alone and suitable for patients with unresectable lesions .Theobserving therapystill needs more clinical studies to confirm its safety and effectiveness .

Objective:To study the relevance of Mina rs4857304 (G/T) gene locus, IL-4 gene locus rs2243248 (T/G), rs2070874 ( T/C ) single nucleotide polymorphism and allergic asthma pathogenesis of Chinese children , and further analysis of the in-teraction among three loci.Methods:Based on the case-control study, we have analyzed the different distributions , frequencies, inter-action of alleles and genotypes between asthma patients and patients in control group .Results: The Mina rs4857304 sites of patients were compared, and there was statistically significant difference between two groups ( P=0.001, OR =1.773,95%CI =1.256 -2.503);the rs4857304T allelic frequency of patients with asthma was higher than that of the patients in control group , but there was no statistically significant difference about the distribution of different locus genotypes of patients between two groups (P>0.05);MDR interaction analysis have showed that Mina gene loci , rs4857304 and IL-4loci rs2243248, consisting of 2 sites optimal model;Mina loci rs4857304, IL-4loci rs2070874 and rs2243248 that consisting of 3 sites optimal model.There was statistically significant difference be-tween two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Allergic asthma would be associated with Mina loci rs4857304, while there might be sig-nificant interactive effects among Mina rs4857304, IL-4loci rs2243248 and rs2070804.

A remarkabale inhibitory activity was exhibited by the aqueous extract from Rhizoma smilacisglabrae(RSG) against both picryl chloride(PC)- induced contact dermatitis and sheep red bloodcells (SRBC)- induced footpad reaction.The effect of RSG was displayed more distinctlywheng given after than before the 2nd antigen challenge.RSG also showed a marked anti-in-flammatory activity against xylene- induced ear and egg whiteinduced footpad edema.Addi-tionally,RSG did not show a potable influence on IgM- and IgG-PFC counts against SRBC inmice.An increase but not decrease in serum hemolysin level,however,was observed in both groupsof RSG,peralleled with the finding that hemolytic plaques in PFC test were obviously biggerthan those in control.These results suggest that RSG has a selective activity to suppress the cellularimmune response without inhibiting the humoral immune response.The suppression to cellular im-munity by RSG may be presented mainly through affecting the inflammatory process after lym-phokine release.

Objective To investigate the efficiency and prognostic factors for the patients with hepatocel-lular carcinoma (HCC) at unresectable early stage when treated with percutaneous microwave ablation. Methods From January 2007 to January 2010 , 105 cases of at unresectable early stage were treated with percutaneous microwave ablation. Complete response rate, major complication rate, overall survival rates, disease-free survival rate were observed and prognostic risk factors were analyzed. Results The complete response rate was 95.7%. The major complication ratewas 3.8%. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 97.1%, 66.7%, 46.7%, and the corresponding disease-free survival rates were 82.9%, 48.6%, 31.4%, respectively. Age > 65 year and tumor size > 3 cm were independent risks for disease-free survival. Age > 65 year and recurrence were independent risks for overall survival. Conclusions Percutaneous microwave ablation is a safe and efficient ther-apy for HCC at unresectable early stage.

Objective To identify the types,frequency and risk factors of major complications using microwave ablation (MWA) to treat liver malignancies in a single center.Methods Using the electronic medical record system,patients with liver cancer who were treated with MWA from January 2010 to November 2015 were retrospectively studied,and the risk factors of severe complications were analyzed.Results Of the 7 403 patients who were treated with MWA (12 558 ablations).96 cases experienced severe complications (1.3％) and 5 patients died (0.07％).The complications included liver abscess (n ＝ 34,0.46％),pleural effusion (n ＝ 20,0.27％),bile duct injury (n ＝ 15,0.20％),hemorrhage (n ＝ 6,0.08％),liver failure (n ＝ 6,0.08％),extrahepa-tic organ injuries (n ＝ 5,0.07％),cancerous cells implantation of abdominal walls (n ＝ 2),cardiac arrest (n ＝ 1),vascular thrombosis (n ＝ 1),renal insufficiency (n ＝ 1),and patients with other associated diseases which developed after the MWA therapy (n ＝2).Metastatic liver cancer and earlier treatment of MWA sessions were associated with a higher major complication rate (P ＜ 0.05).Conclnsions MWA is a well-tolerated local treatment for liver cancer,with an acceptably low incidence of severe complications.Liver abscess was the most common postoperative severe complication.The surgeons＇ experience and tumor type were associated with the incidence of severe complications,however,not relavant with the frequency of preoperative ablations.Appropriate measures can be taken to effectively reduce the risk of serious complications.

Objective To observe the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on spasticity of biceps brachii after stroke. Methods 12 patients with spasticity of biceps brachii after stroke were divided into control group (n=6) and ESWT group (n=6). The ESWT group received a session of ESWT and the control group received placebo treatment. All patients were assessed before and immediately after treatment, including integrated electromyogram (iEMG) and co-contraction ratio during maximum isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC) of elbow extension with surface electromyography, the modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and content of shoulder and elbow of Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA). Results The scores of MAS and FMA, the iEMG and the cocontraction ratio of biceps brachii improved in the ESWT group after the treatment (P<0.05), and improved more than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion ESWT can immediately relieve the spasticity of biceps brachii, inhibit the cocontraction of biceps brachii during elbow extension and improve the motor function of upper limb in patients post stroke.

The mammalian cell nucleus is highly structured and organized into various membrane-less nuclear compartments called nuclear bodies. Nuclear bodies are highly dynamic structures, with a variety of substances gathered inside to promote the more efficient conduct of certain biological reactions. It dynamically produces responses under different biological processes and stress conditions such as tumorigenesis, apoptosis, antiviral defense, and plays an important role in regulating cell homeostasis. Tumor is a major public health problem, and finding new targets is the key to tumor therapy. How the nuclear bodies are involved in the development of tumor has not been reported. This review aims to provide a new understanding of how the nuclear bodies regulates tumor progression and provide a new effective strategy for tumor prevention and treatment.

Background The select of supporter is critical for the construction of tissue engineering cornea.Many carrier carl be utilized in the construction of tissue engineering cornea,but de-cellular corneal matrix is known to be one of optimal supporters.Objective Present study was to investigate the characteristics of de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine of structure and biocompatibility for rabbit cornea stroma and limbal epithelial ceHs. Methods The porcine cornea was prepared as de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine by the application of detergent enzyme combined process.The corneal epithelial cells,keratocyte and endothelial cells of porcine were removed completely and stored in -20℃ refrigerator after sterilization.The morphology of de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine was examined by hematoxylin-eosin staining under the light microscope.The structure characteristics of de.cellular corneal matrix of porcine under the scan electron microscope,and its physics features were investigated by the evaluation of water content,strength,expansion and transparency.The de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine were implanted to cornea stroma of rabbit and co-cultured with rabbit corneal epithelial cells for 4 weeks in vitro to assess the keracyte compatibility. Results The epithelial cells,keratocyte and endothelial cells of porcine were removed completely by trypsogen digestion.The collagen fibril network and collagen plates paralleled to corneal surface under the light microscope.The water content,strength,expansion。Ratio of light transparency of de-cellular corneal matrix of porcine were similar to normal porcine cornea.After implantation of de.cellular comeal matrix of porcine into rabbits corneal stroma,the edema of tissue was found in one week,and edema disappeared on two weeks and became clear on four weeks after surgery.The de-cellular eorneal matrix attached to rabbit cornea stroma well.No inflammatory eell and new vessel were found after surgery.The co-cultured rabbit corneal epithelial cells differentiated and proliferated on the surfaee of de-cellular corneal matrix and showed positive response for CK3.No statistically significant differences were found in the water content,strength,expansion of de-cellular cornea matrix of porcine among the normal,before dehydration,2 and 4 hours after dehydration cornea matrix(P＞0.05).However,the transparency was much better in the corneal matrix with 2-hour,4-hour dehydration in comparison with non-dehydration one(P＜0.05). Conclusion The structure features of de-cellular cornea matrix of porcine are similar to normal porcine cornea.Good biocompatibility is proved for xenogenesis of rabbit cornea.

Agricultural Microbiology is a professional foundation curriculum for biology,botany and envi-ronmental majors in agricultural universities.After 1999,with the increase enrollment of the national under-graduate education and rapid construction of the university,the number of majors and students increased rapidly and quality of students and talent demand of society changed dramatically.Under such condition,in order to meet the society demand of microbiology,according to the distinguishing feature of different major groups,based on strengthening the basis teaching and stretching application teaching,new curriculum teaching model and method were explored positively,and then new curriculum system was constructed.Be-ing aroused sufficiently of the students’ subjective initiative,both the teaching quality and comprehensive quality were improved.

Objective To investigate the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1 ), nitrogen monoxidium (NO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and brain tissue VEGF induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) in aged rats. Methods The CIH model of aged rat was established by using intermittent hypoxia. The levels of ET-1, NO and VEGF in the plasma were detected at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after experiment in each group. The expression of VEGF in brain tissues and the pathological changes of the vessels of the cerebra and the ratio between the thickness of vessel wall and external diameter (WT%) were observed. Results In CIH group, the ET-1 and VEGF levels increased, however NO level decreased. The levels of ET-1 and VEGF were higher at 3 weeks in CIH group than in UC group (t=2.47 and 2.38, both P<0.05), however NO level was lower in CIH group than in UC group (t=2.39, P<0.05). VEGF levels increased significantly at 9 weeks in CIH as compared with UC group [(171.1±13.5) pg/ml vs. (109.8±8.6) pg/ml, t = 3.46, P< 0.01]. The levels of VEGF in CIH group increased remarkably at 9 weeks as compared with 3 weeks [(129.3±12.3) pg/ml, t=2.38, P<0.053. VEGF levels in CIH group showed positive correlation with the time of intermittent hypoxia. The changes of cerebral vessels in UC group were not found, while the aged rats in CIH group showed cerebral neuron cells swelling and blood vessel hyperplasia. The WT% of cerebral small artery was more apparent in CIH group than in UC group at 3 weeks (t=2.34,P<0.05). The expression of VEGF in cerebra was higher in CIH group than in UC group in the three stages (r=2.37, P<0.05). There was an aggravated tendency in the change of the expression of brain tissue VEGF and WT% over time. The change was more apparent at 9 weeks than at 3 weeks (t=2.32 and 2.35, both P<0.05). Conclusions CIH can induce an increase in the expression of ET-1 and VEGF, a decrease in the expression of NO in aged rats. The over expression of VEGF and the disbalance of ET-1 and NO levels can cause brain cellular swelling, arteriola vessel wall thickening,lumens stenosis.