AIM: To evaluate the influence of the calpain system mRNA and protein expression on the progress of atrial structural remodeling in fibrillating canine.METHODS: 17 dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group(SR,n=6) and atrial fibrillation(AF,n=11) group.AF was induced by rapid pacing for 8 weeks and all dogs underwent transthoratic echocardiography before and after rapid pacing.The mRNA and protein expression of calpainⅠ,calpainⅡand calpastatin were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS: Compared with SR group,the left atrial diameters and the content of calcium in atrial myocardium increased significantly in AF group(P0.05) between two groups.The expression of calpastatin mRNA was upregulated significantly in AF group(P

OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects between anatomical locked plate combined with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction and clavicular hook plate for treatment of distal clavicle fracture of Neer type II b.

METHODSFrom August 2010 to August 2013, 42 patients with Neer II b distal clavicle fractures were randomly divided into two groups as group A and group B. In group A, there were 22 cases including 14 males and 8 females with an average age of (44.2±11.6) years old. In group B, there were 20 cases including 11 males and 9 females with an average of (45.6±12.4) years old. The patients of group A were treated with anatomical locked plate combined with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction,the patients of group B were treated with hook plate. All fractures were fresh, the time between injuries and operation was 24 hours to 7 days (mean,72 h). General information between the two groups was comparable before operation(P>0.05). Postoperative radiographic were followed up to observe the fracture healing,internal fixation and to measure coracoclavicular distance of two groups. Shoulder function after operation was evaluated by Constant-Murley score system.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up with an average of 16.8 months (ranging 12 to 24 months). There was no nonunion,infection and other complications between two groups. The clavicular stress fracture occurred in 1 clavicular hook patient at 6 months after the operation. According to the Constant-Murley score system, that the scores of group A were 90.6±6.2, 91.8±4.8, 94.7±3.6 and 97.8±1.2 at 1st, 3rd, 6 month and last follow-up after operation were higher than those of group B 74.8±3.4, 78.4±4.4, 82.2±2.8 and 94.6±3.6 (P 0.05). The fracture healing time of group A (21.6±2.2) weeks was shorter than that of group B (25.8±2.5) weeks (P 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in coracoclavicular distance at last follow-up (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe anatomical locked plate combined with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction need not expose shoulder and can reduce the incidence of postoperative pain and limited activity of shoulder, with fewer complication, it is advantageous to the shoulder joint function early recovery.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Ligaments, Articular ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVE To develop a non-paper,interactive,multiplex medium way,and to obtain the information disinfection protection on second level of time.METHODS Using the computer,the touchscreen,the personal digital assistant(PDA),the general packet radio service(GPRS),the pronounciation(man-machine conversation),the video frequency and the other advanced technology methods,to study and develop an electronic version of intelligent search engine system for disinfection protection.RESULTS Touching namely attained the applied and guided information,such as to fulfil exactly the disinfection technology standard for the medical workers in medical establishments,to provide the post work instruction;to correctly guide the disinfection protection for common family;and to build the communication platfrom with the enterprisers in order to meet the demand for disinfection protection appliances from the society,hospital and family.CONCLUSIONS The intelligent search engine system is feasible applying to use.

AIM:To investigate the expression and significance of thrombospondin-1(TSP-1)in left ventricular myocardium of type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM).METHODS:The rat model of DCM was established by eating a high-fat diet together with injection of low dose streptozocin(30 mg/kg)intrapertoneally.After 12 weeks,the content of collagen was quantified by Masson staining.The mRNA level of TSP-1 was determined by quantification real-time RT-PCR,while the protein level of TSP-1 was analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the content of collagen in the DCM group was increased greatly(11.01?3.05 vs 16.92?3.18,P

OBJECTIVETo study the utility and effect of suturing menisci with epidural transfixion pin to treating acute meniscus tear under arthroscope.

METHODSTwenty-two cases with acute meniscus tear were selected, in which 18 were male and 4 were female,aged from 17 to 42 years with average of 28.5. The tearing menisci were sutured with epidural transfixion pin and unabsorbed suture. The follow-up were 6-12 months after operation. Meanwhile, Lysholm score, subjective symptoms and examination were recorded.

RESULTSPreoperative Lysholm scores were 46.72 +/- 13.46, whereas, postoperative ones were 89.43 +/- 18.21. There was significant difference between before and after operation (t = 1.85, P < 0.01). No recurrent interlocking, no pain in joint medialis and post-medialis space. McMurray test was negative. The complications about injury of blood vessel, nerves and tendons were not found during 6-12 months follow-up.

CONCLUSIONThe technique is advantageous in convenience, reliability, large suture strength and definite curative effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Nails ; Endoscopy ; adverse effects ; Epidural Space ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Sutures ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries ; Treatment Outcome

The purposes of the present study were to investigate the inhibitory effect of quercetin (QUE) preconditioning on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inducer tunicamycin (TM)-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying molecular mechanisms. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations (20, 40, and 80 μmol/L) of QUE for 30 min and then treated with TM (5 mg/L) for 12 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit, respectively. The nuclear translocation of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) in cells was detected by immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot. Protein and mRNA expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Bcl-2 were examined by Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. The results showed that TM reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. The cytotoxic effects of TM were significantly inhibited by QUE pretreatment at the concentrations of 40 and 80 μmol/L. Interestingly, we found that QUE also significantly suppressed the TM-induced translocation of ATF6, an ERS sensor, from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, exposure of RAW264.7 macrophages to TM resulted in a significant increase of the expression of CHOP, a transcription factor regulated by ATF6 under conditions of ERS, as well as a decrease of Bcl-2 at transcript and protein levels. QUE blocked these effects in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that QUE can protect RAW264.7 cells from TM-induced apoptosis and that the mechanism at least partially involves its ability to inhibit the ATF6-CHOP signaling pathway.
Activating Transcription Factor 6 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; Mice ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor CHOP ; metabolism ; Tunicamycin ; pharmacology

Chronic enteritis can produce an excess of reactive oxygen species resulting in cellular damage. Stanniocalcin-1(STC-1) reportedly possesses anti-oxidative activity, the aim of this study was to define more clearly the direct contribution of STC-1 to anti-oxidative stress in cattle. In this study, primary intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for different time intervals to mimic chronic enteritis-induced cellular damage. Prior to treatment with 200 microM H2O2, the cells were transfected with a recombinant plasmid for 48 h to over-express STC-1. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining and trypan blue exclusion assays were then performed to measure cell viability and apoptosis of the cells, respectively. The expression of STC-1 and apoptosis-related proteins in the cells was monitored by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The results indicated that both STC-1 mRNA and protein expression levels positively correlated with the duration of H2O2 treatment. H2O2 damaged the bovine IECs in a time-dependent manner, and this effect was attenuated by STC-1 over-expression. Furthermore, over-expression of STC-1 up-regulated Bcl-2 protein expression and slightly down-regulated caspase-3 production in the damaged cells. Findings from this study suggested that STC-1 plays a protective role in intestinal cells through an antioxidant mechanism.
Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Blotting, Western/veterinary ; Caspase 3/*genetics/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/etiology/*genetics/metabolism ; Duodenum/metabolism ; Enteritis/etiology/genetics/metabolism/*veterinary ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; *Gene Expression Regulation ; Glycoproteins/*genetics/metabolism ; Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary

This study was purposed to investigate the effects of compound Zhe-Bei granule (CZBG) combined with doxorubicin on expressions of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 cell xenografts. Tumor xenograft model were established by injecting the multidrug resistant cell line K562/A02 in the axillary flank of BALB/c-nu-nu mice. CZBG-intragastric administration and doxorubicin-intraperitoneal injection in combination were given to the BALB/c-nu nude mice. The tumor xenografts were made into slice after the dissection, and the expression of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts in mice were investigated by immunohistochemical technique. The integral optical density (IOD) of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts were measured by Image Pro Plus 6.0. The results showed that as compared with the doxorubicin alone, the combination of the doxorubicin and CZBG with high, middle and low dosage could decrease IOD of P-gp, MRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts with statistical significance (p < 0.05). The LRP expression in K562/A02 tumor xenografts was not observed in five groups. It is concluded that the combination of CZBG with doxorubicin decreases the expressions of P-gp, MRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts of mice.
Animals ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; drug effects ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

The purpose of this study was to investigate the vasorelaxing effect of vasonatrin peptide (VNP) on human intramammary artery (HIMA).The vasorelaxing effect of VNP on HIMA was measured by means of perfusion in vitro. The effects of HS-142-1, TEA, 8-Br-cGMP and methylene blue (MB) were also observed. It was found that VNP caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in HIMA which was independent of the endothelium. 8-Br-cGMP (0.1-1000 micromol/L) also caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in HIMA. The vasorelaxing effect of VNP disappeared in the presence of HS-142-1 (20 micromol/L), an antagonist of the natriuretic peptide guanylate cyclase (GC) receptor. MB (10 micromol/L), an inhibitor of GC, not only blocked completely the relaxation of HIMA, but also enhanced the vascular contraction induced by norepinephrine. TEA (1 mmol/L), an antagonist of calcium activated potassium channels (K(Ca)), reduced but not completely blocked the vasorelaxing effect of VNP. These findings suggest that VNP can relax HIMA, which is independent of the endothelium. This effect is possibly achieved by the binding of VNP with the natriuretic peptide GC receptors in the smooth muscle cells (SMCs), leading to an increase in intracellular cGMP level. Moreover, the vasorelaxing effect of VNP is associated with K(Ca).
Aged ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mammary Arteries ; drug effects ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; metabolism ; Receptors, Guanylate Cyclase-Coupled ; metabolism ; Vasodilation ; drug effects ; physiology

ABSTRACT:In recent years ,there has been high prevalence of murine typhus in Yunnan Province ,People's Republic of China .A large outbreak of murine typhus occurred in Xishuangbanna Prefecture ,Yunnan Province in 2010 .However ,not all cases were confirmed by laboratory assays ;therefore ,field epidemiologic and laboratory investigations of murine typhus in Xishuangbanna Prefecture were conducted in 2011 .Blood samples were collected from clinical diagnostic cases at the acute and convalescence stages of murine typhus in Xishuangbanna Prefecture ,Yunnan Province ,from June to September of 2011 ,and blood and spleen samples were collected from mice sharing the same habitats as the patients .Immunofluorescence assays were used to test for the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against Rickettsia typhi in sera from patients and mice .Real‐time PCR was used to detect the groEL gene of R .typhi in blood clots from patients at the acute stage and in spleen tissue from mice .A total of 1 157 clinically diagnosed murine typhus cases occurred in Xishuangbanna Prefecture ,Yunnan Province in 2011 ,with an incidence of 102 .10/100 000 .Of these cases ,80 were investigated by laboratory assays and 74 of 80 patients were confirmed to have murine typhus .The coincidence rate between the clinical diagnosis and laboratory detection was 92 .50% .The positivi‐ty rate for IgG antibodies against R .typhi was 14 .0% (14/100) for Rattus f lavipectus ,while the rate by PCR was 9 .0%(9/100) .That laboratory diagnoses confirmed that the severity of the murine typhus outbreak in Xishuangbanna cannot be ig‐nored .The distribution of host animals transmitting R .typhi underscores this conclusion .