OBJECTIVETo compare the therapeutic effects between anatomical locked plate combined with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction and clavicular hook plate for treatment of distal clavicle fracture of Neer type II b.

METHODSFrom August 2010 to August 2013, 42 patients with Neer II b distal clavicle fractures were randomly divided into two groups as group A and group B. In group A, there were 22 cases including 14 males and 8 females with an average age of (44.2±11.6) years old. In group B, there were 20 cases including 11 males and 9 females with an average of (45.6±12.4) years old. The patients of group A were treated with anatomical locked plate combined with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction,the patients of group B were treated with hook plate. All fractures were fresh, the time between injuries and operation was 24 hours to 7 days (mean,72 h). General information between the two groups was comparable before operation(P>0.05). Postoperative radiographic were followed up to observe the fracture healing,internal fixation and to measure coracoclavicular distance of two groups. Shoulder function after operation was evaluated by Constant-Murley score system.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up with an average of 16.8 months (ranging 12 to 24 months). There was no nonunion,infection and other complications between two groups. The clavicular stress fracture occurred in 1 clavicular hook patient at 6 months after the operation. According to the Constant-Murley score system, that the scores of group A were 90.6±6.2, 91.8±4.8, 94.7±3.6 and 97.8±1.2 at 1st, 3rd, 6 month and last follow-up after operation were higher than those of group B 74.8±3.4, 78.4±4.4, 82.2±2.8 and 94.6±3.6 (P 0.05). The fracture healing time of group A (21.6±2.2) weeks was shorter than that of group B (25.8±2.5) weeks (P 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between two groups in coracoclavicular distance at last follow-up (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe anatomical locked plate combined with coracoclavicular ligament reconstruction need not expose shoulder and can reduce the incidence of postoperative pain and limited activity of shoulder, with fewer complication, it is advantageous to the shoulder joint function early recovery.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Clavicle ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Ligaments, Articular ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

AIM: To evaluate the influence of the calpain system mRNA and protein expression on the progress of atrial structural remodeling in fibrillating canine.METHODS: 17 dogs were randomly divided into 2 groups: normal control group(SR,n=6) and atrial fibrillation(AF,n=11) group.AF was induced by rapid pacing for 8 weeks and all dogs underwent transthoratic echocardiography before and after rapid pacing.The mRNA and protein expression of calpainⅠ,calpainⅡand calpastatin were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting,respectively.RESULTS: Compared with SR group,the left atrial diameters and the content of calcium in atrial myocardium increased significantly in AF group(P0.05) between two groups.The expression of calpastatin mRNA was upregulated significantly in AF group(P

AIM:To investigate the expression and significance of thrombospondin-1(TSP-1)in left ventricular myocardium of type 2 diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM).METHODS:The rat model of DCM was established by eating a high-fat diet together with injection of low dose streptozocin(30 mg/kg)intrapertoneally.After 12 weeks,the content of collagen was quantified by Masson staining.The mRNA level of TSP-1 was determined by quantification real-time RT-PCR,while the protein level of TSP-1 was analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,the content of collagen in the DCM group was increased greatly(11.01?3.05 vs 16.92?3.18,P

OBJECTIVE To develop a non-paper,interactive,multiplex medium way,and to obtain the information disinfection protection on second level of time.METHODS Using the computer,the touchscreen,the personal digital assistant(PDA),the general packet radio service(GPRS),the pronounciation(man-machine conversation),the video frequency and the other advanced technology methods,to study and develop an electronic version of intelligent search engine system for disinfection protection.RESULTS Touching namely attained the applied and guided information,such as to fulfil exactly the disinfection technology standard for the medical workers in medical establishments,to provide the post work instruction;to correctly guide the disinfection protection for common family;and to build the communication platfrom with the enterprisers in order to meet the demand for disinfection protection appliances from the society,hospital and family.CONCLUSIONS The intelligent search engine system is feasible applying to use.

OBJECTIVETo study the utility and effect of suturing menisci with epidural transfixion pin to treating acute meniscus tear under arthroscope.

METHODSTwenty-two cases with acute meniscus tear were selected, in which 18 were male and 4 were female,aged from 17 to 42 years with average of 28.5. The tearing menisci were sutured with epidural transfixion pin and unabsorbed suture. The follow-up were 6-12 months after operation. Meanwhile, Lysholm score, subjective symptoms and examination were recorded.

RESULTSPreoperative Lysholm scores were 46.72 +/- 13.46, whereas, postoperative ones were 89.43 +/- 18.21. There was significant difference between before and after operation (t = 1.85, P < 0.01). No recurrent interlocking, no pain in joint medialis and post-medialis space. McMurray test was negative. The complications about injury of blood vessel, nerves and tendons were not found during 6-12 months follow-up.

CONCLUSIONThe technique is advantageous in convenience, reliability, large suture strength and definite curative effect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Nails ; Endoscopy ; adverse effects ; Epidural Space ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menisci, Tibial ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; Sutures ; Tibial Meniscus Injuries ; Treatment Outcome

The purposes of the present study were to investigate the inhibitory effect of quercetin (QUE) preconditioning on endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) inducer tunicamycin (TM)-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages and the underlying molecular mechanisms. RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with different concentrations (20, 40, and 80 μmol/L) of QUE for 30 min and then treated with TM (5 mg/L) for 12 h. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using MTT assay and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection kit, respectively. The nuclear translocation of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) in cells was detected by immunofluorescence analysis and Western blot. Protein and mRNA expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and Bcl-2 were examined by Western blot and real-time PCR, respectively. The results showed that TM reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 macrophages. The cytotoxic effects of TM were significantly inhibited by QUE pretreatment at the concentrations of 40 and 80 μmol/L. Interestingly, we found that QUE also significantly suppressed the TM-induced translocation of ATF6, an ERS sensor, from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. In addition, exposure of RAW264.7 macrophages to TM resulted in a significant increase of the expression of CHOP, a transcription factor regulated by ATF6 under conditions of ERS, as well as a decrease of Bcl-2 at transcript and protein levels. QUE blocked these effects in a dose-dependent manner. These data indicate that QUE can protect RAW264.7 cells from TM-induced apoptosis and that the mechanism at least partially involves its ability to inhibit the ATF6-CHOP signaling pathway.
Activating Transcription Factor 6 ; metabolism ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Survival ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; Mice ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factor CHOP ; metabolism ; Tunicamycin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the significance of apoptosis of rabbit small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells and lymphocytes, and lymphocytes of lumbrical process at early postburn stage.

METHODSTwenty-five Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups with 5 in each group, i.e. normal control (N), 3-postburn-hour group (3 PBH), 6 PBH, 12 PBH and 24 PBH groups. The rabbits in all PBH groups were inflicted with 30% TBSA III degree of flame burn on the back. The intestinal tissue samples were harvested from 5 anatomical sites for HE staining, electron microscopic examination and the detection of apoptosis in situ by TUNEL method at all the postburn time points. The results of TUNEL slides were analyzed statistically.

RESULTSHE staining revealed that there were relatively abundant apoptotic cells scattering solitarily in the lymph nodules and diffuse lymphatic tissue in the mucosal epithelial and mucosal lamina propria (and partially extended into the submucosal layer) of the intestine and lumbrical process in all burn groups. There were some disruption of intestinal mucosa in 24 PBH group. But no obvious inflammatory reaction and signs of necrosis were observed in all the slides. Apoptotic body formation could be identified by EM. Large number of blue-black positive cellular nuclei were revealed by TUNEL method with their distribution as similar to that found by HE staining. When comparing with those in control group, the apoptotic cells in small intestine and lumbrical process were increased obviously (P < 0.01) in 3 PBH group and reached the top level in 6 and 12 PBH groups (P < 0.01), declining thereafter to near value of 3 PBH in 24 PBH group, though it was still higher than control (P < 0.05). The number of apoptotic epithelial cells in middle distal portions of small intestinal mucosa in burn groups was much higher than that in proximal intestine (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThere was a large number of apoptotic cells in rabbit small intestinal mucosal epithelium, gut associated lymphoid tissue and lymphocytes in the lumbrical process, especially in the middle and distal portions of the intestine. These change might be the cellular basis of postburn intestinal translocation of bacteria and endotoxin.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Burns ; pathology ; Epithelial Cells ; pathology ; Female ; Intestinal Mucosa ; pathology ; Intestine, Small ; pathology ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Male ; Rabbits ; Time Factors

This study was purposed to investigate the effects of compound Zhe-Bei granule (CZBG) combined with doxorubicin on expressions of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 cell xenografts. Tumor xenograft model were established by injecting the multidrug resistant cell line K562/A02 in the axillary flank of BALB/c-nu-nu mice. CZBG-intragastric administration and doxorubicin-intraperitoneal injection in combination were given to the BALB/c-nu nude mice. The tumor xenografts were made into slice after the dissection, and the expression of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts in mice were investigated by immunohistochemical technique. The integral optical density (IOD) of P-gp, MRP, LRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts were measured by Image Pro Plus 6.0. The results showed that as compared with the doxorubicin alone, the combination of the doxorubicin and CZBG with high, middle and low dosage could decrease IOD of P-gp, MRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts with statistical significance (p < 0.05). The LRP expression in K562/A02 tumor xenografts was not observed in five groups. It is concluded that the combination of CZBG with doxorubicin decreases the expressions of P-gp, MRP in K562/A02 tumor xenografts of mice.
Animals ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic ; drug effects ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

OBJECTIVETo explore the indications of arthroscope for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis and investigate the correlation between knee osteoarthritis imaging and effects of arthroscope.

METHODSFrom 2005.8 to 2008.4, 86 patients with knee osteoarthritis underwent arthroscope examination and treatment. Among the patients, 44 patients were male, and 42 patients were female, ranging in age from 46 to 67 years, averaged 56.3 years. Arthrodial cartilage of knee was graded by ICRS MR, and by Kellgern Laqrence X-ray. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 30 months. The Lysholm score was evaluated at the follow-up time.

RESULTSAmong 86 knees in 86 cases, cartilage injury degree of knees was graded as follows: grade 4 in 30 cases, grade 3 in 22 cases, grade 2 in 20 cases, grade 1 in 12 cases, grade 0 in 2 cases, mean grade (2.77 +/- 1.138). Postoperative Lysholm score ranged from 59 to 100, averaged (95.17 +/- 7.556), Kendall's correlation coefficient was -0.089, P = 0.317. There was no correlations between cartilage injury degree and Lysholm score. X-ray of knees was graded as follows: grade 4 in 0 cases, grade 3 in 24 cases, grade 2 in 38 cases, grade 1 in 17 cases, grade 0 in 7 cases, mean grade was (2.13 +/- 0.67), the Kendall's correlation coefficient was -0.851 with negative correlations (P = 0.036) between postoperative Lysholm score and K/L grade.

CONCLUSIONThere is no correlation between the grade of knee cartilage injury confirmed by MRI (1.5T) and effects of arthroscopy, and the grade is not a gold standard as an operation indication in arthroscope procedure. The K/L grade in X-ray had important effects.

Aged ; Arthroscopes ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Radiography

The purpose of this study was to investigate the vasorelaxing effect of vasonatrin peptide (VNP) on human intramammary artery (HIMA).The vasorelaxing effect of VNP on HIMA was measured by means of perfusion in vitro. The effects of HS-142-1, TEA, 8-Br-cGMP and methylene blue (MB) were also observed. It was found that VNP caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in HIMA which was independent of the endothelium. 8-Br-cGMP (0.1-1000 micromol/L) also caused a concentration-dependent relaxation in HIMA. The vasorelaxing effect of VNP disappeared in the presence of HS-142-1 (20 micromol/L), an antagonist of the natriuretic peptide guanylate cyclase (GC) receptor. MB (10 micromol/L), an inhibitor of GC, not only blocked completely the relaxation of HIMA, but also enhanced the vascular contraction induced by norepinephrine. TEA (1 mmol/L), an antagonist of calcium activated potassium channels (K(Ca)), reduced but not completely blocked the vasorelaxing effect of VNP. These findings suggest that VNP can relax HIMA, which is independent of the endothelium. This effect is possibly achieved by the binding of VNP with the natriuretic peptide GC receptors in the smooth muscle cells (SMCs), leading to an increase in intracellular cGMP level. Moreover, the vasorelaxing effect of VNP is associated with K(Ca).
Aged ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Mammary Arteries ; drug effects ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; metabolism ; Receptors, Guanylate Cyclase-Coupled ; metabolism ; Vasodilation ; drug effects ; physiology