Actins ; metabolism ; Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Desmin ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dura Mater ; chemistry ; pathology ; Female ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Meningioma ; pathology ; Neoplasms, Muscle Tissue ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective To access the development of thoracic volume of pectus excavatum use of Nuss operation used CT-basedpulmonary volumetric evaluation.Methods 98 patients with pectus excavatum in Beijing Children's Hospital under Nuss operation were documented.All patients had CT scan pre-and postopration.The CT-scan's data were calculated as lung's volume by handdraw-layers summation method.The lung's volume result was compared,and enquiry the position in CT lung volume developmental scale.Results The lung's volume was elevated 28.3％ after operation.The development of thoracic volume was keep with age,70％ was maintained and 15％ was elevated.Conclusion Nuss operation can prevent the decrease of thoracic volume in pectus excavatum.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the absolute bioavailability of caffeic acid in rats and its intestinal absorption properties.

METHODThe absolute bioavailability (Fabs) of caffeic acid was obtained after iv (2 mg x kg(-1)) or ig (10 mg x kg(-1)) administration to rats. The intestinal absorption of caffeic acid was explored by the recirculating vascularly perfused rat intestinal preparation. Caco-2 cell model was applied to measure the permeability of caffeic acid from apical to basolateral said (A-B) and from basolateral to apical said (B-A).

RESULTA two-compartment pharmacokinetic model was best to describe the pharmacokinetics of caffeic acid following iv or ig administration. The Fabs of caffeic acid was 14. 7% , and its intestinal absorption was 12.4%. The values of Papp A-->B and Papp B-->A of caffeic acid were retained stable while its concentration was changed. The efflux ratio values in this study surveyed were above 2.0, and suggesting caffeic acid was active transport.

CONCLUSIONCaffeic acid was shown to have poor permeability across the Caco-2 cells, low intestinal absorption and low oral bioavailability in rats.

Animals ; Biological Availability ; Caco-2 Cells ; Caffeic Acids ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of treating infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency with five-step pediatric tuina of Huxiang school. Methods:Using a randomized controlled trial design, sixty eligible kids with diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were randomized into an observation group and a control group, with 30 cases in each group. The observation group was intervened by the five-step pediatric tuina method of Huxiang school, and the control group received conventional tuina treatment. The intervention was conducted once a day, consecutive 5-day treatment as 1 course, at a 2-day interval between courses, successively for a total of 4 courses. Changes in the primary and secondary symptoms of diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were observed, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results: After treatment, the scores of primary and secondary symptoms and the general score of diarrhea due to spleen deficiency were improved; the improvements in fecal form and frequency, decreased appetite, bloating after meals and fatigue and sluggishness were more significant in the observation group than in the control group. Conclusion: The five-step pediatric tuina method of Huxiang school and conventional tuina both can improve the primary and secondary symptoms in infantile diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, while the former one can produce more significant efficacy.

OBJECTIVESTo investigate the transmission process of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and to evaluate the infectiveness of SARS patients in different periods of disease epidemics.

METHODSStandardized questionnaire was used to conduct case investigation and contact tracing by combining the field investigation and telephone interview. Transmission process, infectivity, transmission chain and contact history of SARS were studied through data analyses.

RESULTSOn 25th March 2003, a 91 year old man was admitted to Hospital J in Beijing with stroke and fever. He died on 30th March. From 31st March, there was an outbreak of SARS among his contacts in the family and in the hospital he was admitted to. Contacts would include his relatives, other co-patients and health care workers in the Hospital J. Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program trainees conducted an investigation of the outbreak. Among the 207 contacts of the index cases through different generations, there were 36 cases of SARS (attack rate 17%) patients with one death. There were 12 cases having directly contact with the index case and 13 cases with one secondary case. The transmission chains of this outbreak could clearly be depicted. All the cases had close contacts during the symptomatic period of their index patients. Among the relatives, 85% of the cases had 3 - 5-day contact with their index patients after the onset of the illnesses. There was no significant difference between the two attack rates-70% for whose who had contact with the patient before and after illness onset) and 67% for those who only had contact after the onset of the illness. Out of the 44 social acquaintances and 38 of the family members who had contacts with the index patients during the incubation period, no one was found ill. Among the close contacts at the hospital who had no protection when providing care to the patient, the attack rate was found over 80%.

CONCLUSIONSAll the secondary cases of this outbreak had a history of direct and close contacts to the index patients after the onset of the illness. There was no evidence indicating that SARS cases were infectious during their incubation period.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional ; Male ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission

OBJECTIVETo explore the feasibility of inducing the differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into Leydig cells in vitro.

METHODSWe isolated ADSCs by digestion with Collagenase I from the subcutaneous adipose tissue, cultured them in the DMEM/F12 medium with 10% fetal bovine serum, and detected the expression of vimentin by immunohistochemistry. We exposed the ADSCs to different concentrations of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for different times, determined the expression of StAR mRNA by real-time PCR, and measured the HCG-induced proliferation of ADSCs by MTT. After a week of induction by HCG and DMSO, we conducted 3beta-HSD immunohistochemistry, and detected the testosterone level in the supernatant and lysis of the cells by radioimmunoassay.

RESULTSThe ADSCs grew well with a positive expression of vimentin. The expression of the StAR gene was positively correlated with the increased concentration of HCG, reaching the peak at HCG 10 U/ml in 1 week culture. The proliferation of ADSCs was significantly increased by HCG induction. A positive expression of 3beta-HSD was observed after 1 week induction with HCG 10 U/ml and DMSO 3.2 x 10(-6)mol/L.

CONCLUSIONHCG enhances the expression of the StAR gene and the proliferation of ADSCs. Induced by HCG 10 U/ml and DMSO 3.2 x 10(-6) mol/L, ADSCs tend to differentiate into Leydig cells.

Adipocytes ; cytology ; drug effects ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chorionic Gonadotropin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leydig Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male

VPAC2 is a co-receptor of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and mediates multiple bio-functions. In order to construct the CHO line expressing VPAC2 stably, pcDNA-VPAC2 was used to transfect CHO cells. The positive clones were selected by G418 and the clone VPAC2-CHO with high sensitivity to PACAP38 was picked out by its ability to promoting the concentration of cAMP. RT-PCR, Western blot and Immunofluorescenece assay were used to identify the express of VPACS. Binding competition with VPAC2 agonist and the bioactivity of mediating the ligand to promote the concentration of cAMP showed that VPAC2 was expressed effectively in VPAC2-CHO. The results of Scatchard analysis revealed that VAPC2-CHO expressed a receptor density of (1.1 +/- 0.2) pmol/mg protein, respectively, with Kd values of (0.55 +/- 0.10) nmol/L for PACAP38 used as a tracer. The construction of CHO cells expressing VPAC2 specially and functionally lays a foundation not only for the further research on the characters and functions of VPAC2 but also for the screening and characterization of novel agonists of antagonists for VPAC2.
Animals ; Binding, Competitive ; CHO Cells ; Cell Membrane ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; chemistry ; Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Type II ; agonists ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transfection

Objective To understand emotional, behavioral problems and related determinants among rural stranded children and to provide evidence for further psychological support. Methods A total of 3944 caregivers of children in the rural areas and aged 4 to 7 years but without parents around, were randomly selected. Data were collected through Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (the edition for parents, SDQ). Results The overall prevalence of children with behavioral/emotional problems was 43.6% among those stranded children including 8.3% having experienced emotional symptoms, 9.5% reported to be displaying 'conduct' problems, 8.7% exhibited significant hyperactivity/inattention, 18.9% experienced peer relationship problems and 16.8% having prosocial behaviors. The prevalence of behavioral/emotional problems was significantly higher in boys than those in girls and in lower age groups. Significant differences were also found in conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention and prosocial behaviors (P<0.01). The result from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as education level and motivation of the caregivers as well as financial support from the parents were related to emotional/ behavioral problems among the stranded children. Conclusion The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems was high among children living the rural areas but without their parents around which should call for psychological intervention.

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM)expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).Methods The Ep-CAM expression was immunohistochemically investigated in 70 normal esophageal mucosas,SCCs and 72 lymph nodes.Results Ep-CAM expression was observed in 94.3% of the tumors,but no expression in the normal mucosa.The Ep- CAM expression was not significantly different between different tumor scales and tumors invading depths,its expression level was relevant with the tumors differentiation and lymph node metastases(P

BACKGROUND: The type of brackets is closely related to the efficiency of orthodontic treatment. A self-ligating bracket is characterized by low friction, simple operation, mild pain and discomfort, and it has been an issue of concern in orthodontics. In recent years, studies on the therapeutic efficiency of self-ligating brackets versus conventional brackets for orthodontic correction have been reported, but there is no conclusion. OBJECTIVE: To systematically compare the conventional and self-ligating brackets concerning treatment efficiency. METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, WanFang, VIP and CNKI was performed for randomized controlled trials concerning self-ligating brackets versus conventional brackets for orthodontic correction. The keywords were "orthodontic brackets/ self-ligating, random" in English and "appliance/self-ligating/ conventional/orthodontic correction efficiency" in Chinese. The retrieve time was set from inception to December 2017. Stata12.0 software was used for meta-analysis following literature screening, data extraction and risk assessment of bias. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 9 randomized controlled trials involving 603 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis on the efficiency of the two groups showed that there was no significant difference in overall treatment time, number of visits, time of alignment and time of space closure (P ＞ 0.05). Only the time of chairside operation showed significant difference between the two groups (P ＜ 0.05). These findings indicate that compared with the conventional bracket, the self-ligating bracket has no obvious advantage in the therapeutic efficiency.