Objective To systematically review the effect of dietary and physical activity interventions on weight management during pregnancy.Methods The PubMed (from Jan.1990 to Sep.2013),Springer (from Jan.1960 to Sep.2013),Willy (from Jan.1990 to Sep.2013),Web of Science (from Jan.1990 to Sep.2013),Wanfang data (from Jan.1995 to Sep.2013),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) (from Jan.1995 to Sep.2013)were searched for relevant articles.All published randomized controlled trails (RCT) on dietary and physical activity interventions during pregnancy were considered.The quality of RCTs was appraised and data were extracted by 3 reviewers independently.Meta-analysis were conducted by RevMan 5.2 software.Results In total,eleven RCTs were included in this review.Meta-analysis revealed that dietary and physical activity intervention significantly reduced incidence of cesarean section and macrosomia;However,there were no statistically significant differences in the total gestational weight gain.Conclusions Interventions based on dietary and physical activity during pregnancy appears effective in reducing incidence of cesarean section and macrosomia.However,there are many limitation of the Meta analysis,therefore more multi-center,large sample with high quality RCTs are required for future verification.

AIM: To establish HPLC for determination of 2,3,5,4′tetrahydroxystilbene-?-O-?-D-glucoside in Radix polygoni multiflori preparata. METHODS: The column was diamonsil C_(18)(5 ?m,4.6 mm?250 mm).The mobile phase was CH_3CN-CH_3OH-H_2O(10∶20∶70) and ?=320 nm.The flow rate was 1.5 ml/min. RESULTS: The linearity was in the range of 0.0253-0.3542 ?g.The average recovery and RSD were 99.34% and 0.49%,respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,precise and reproduciable and can be used for determination of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxystilbene-?-O-?-D-glucoside in Radix polygoni multiflori preparata effectively.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Female ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Nerve Growth Factor ; pharmacology ; Nerve Regeneration ; drug effects ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Cholesteatoma ; diagnosis ; Ear, Middle ; Humans ; Otitis Media ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the gait differences among patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment(AD-MCI) and the person with normal cognitive function,and analyze the reasons for the abnormal gait.Methods Eighty patients were included and divided into 3 groups according to the cognitive status:noncognitive impairment (NCI group,n =30),patients with mild cognitive impairment (AD-MCI group,n =29),Alzheimer's disease (AD group,n =21).The mini-mental state examination (MMSE),the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-R),the connection test (TMT-A),Digit Span Test(DST),activities of daily living questionnaire(ADL) and associated gait and balance scale (5 times sit to stand test (FTSTT),3 m walking test (TUG),Berg balance scale) were used to evaluate all research objects in each group.Results There were significant differences in NCI group compared with AD-MCI group and AD group in terms of FTSTT,TUG,Berg balance Scale and leg speed((9.59±2.39) s vs.(13.71±4.65) s vs.(14.15±4.20) s,(7.70±1.58) s vs.(11.13±3.02) s vs.(11.35±4.43) s,(54.20±1.56) points vs.(48.17±4.93) points vs.(48.10±5.46) points,(82.12±22.79) cm/s vs.(57.49± 14.89) cm/s vs.(57.70±14.68) cm/s;P＜0.05).There were significant differences in NCI group compared with AD-MCI group and AD group in terms of MMSE,MoCA,ACE-R,TMT-A,DST((28.67±1.27) points vs.(26.76±2.59) points vs.(21.86±5.29) points,(26.03±2.58) points vs.(22.39±5.05) points vs.(16.90±5.05) points,(85.80±5.90) points vs.(78.03±7.58) points vs.(60.95± 13.99) points,(12.66±5.36) s vs.(18.99 ± 11.46) s vs.(30.49±26.98)s,(18.60±4.64) points vs.(15.94±4.76) points vs.(12.86±5.23) points;P ＜0.05).Conclusion Gait disorder might be an early sign for cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate the immunogenicity of group A plus group C meningococeal glycoconjugate vaccine,namely dosage,immune memory and compatibility. Methods The mice were injected with group A plus group C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine with different dosages. Blood samples were taken on the 14th day after the last injection for testing the antibodies against polysaccharide A and C. After the optimal immunization dosage had been decided,the mice were inoculated separately with the monovalent group A and the monovalent group C and the bivalent group A plus group C glycoconjugate vaccine with one,two or three injections for observation of the effectiveness of different injections and the compatibilities. Results The dosage of 1.25 μg of each polysaccharide of group A and group C in bivalent glycoconjugate vaccine appears to be immunologically optimal to vaccinate the mice. Immunological memory could be induced in mice inoculated with the glycoconjugate vaccine,and the antigenic immunogenicity of the group A component and group C component in the formulation of group A plus group C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine was not affected. Conclusion Group A plus group C meningococcal glycoconjugate vaccine have good immunogenicity,immune memory and compatibility.

BACKGROUND:Recombinant fusion protein is cascaded by staphylokinase and hirudin according to the thrombin cognition sequence, and has double functions and a molecular weight of 23 ku. The recombinant fusion protein can be highly expressed in the engineering bacteria at high-density fermentation. OBJECTIVE:To construct and purify recombinant staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein in the engineering bacteria after high-density fermentation, and to explore the feasibility of construction and the expression value. METHODS:The engineering bacteria were cultured at high density and staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein was induced to express. The bacteria were centrifuged and ultrafiltrated after repeated freezing and thawing. The supernatant was colected with ion exchange chromatography method. The staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein was isolated and purified, then the fibrinolytic activity and expression in bacteria were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The engineering bacteria were cultured and the fusion protein was induced at 17 hours. The results showed that, staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein expression was detected at 0.5 hours after induction, and the expression levels were increased as the fermentation time; at 20 hours, the expression level reached the peak. The dried weight of the bacteria was 32.20 g/L and the expression level of target proteins was 1.48 g/L. After purification, the purity of recombinant staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein was as high as 98%, fibrinolytic activity was about 2.6×104 IU/mg, the probability of activity recovery was 56%. The purification process of recombinant staphylokinase-hirudin fusion protein is convenient, less time, repeatable and alows large-scale production.

Objective To investigate the effects of anticardiolipin antibodies positive serum from patients with recurrent pregnancy loss on the proliferation of BeWo cells as well as the modulation of heparin on the growth of BeWo cell.Methods Thirty patients with recurrent pregnancy loss whose anticardiolipin antibodies were positive and thirty healthy women with a history of term delivery were selected.Their sera were separately added to BeWo cell culture systems which contained either heparin or not.After 24 hours, the PCNA and 490 nm A value were detected by immunofluorescence and methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT),and the proliferation of BeWo cell was evaluated.Results In the culture systems with heparin and normal serum,normal serum,heparin and serum with positive autoantibody,serum with positive autoantibody,the mean fluorescence gray scale values of PCNA were 34.8?3.1,33.8?1.8,33.4?2.2 and 25.1?2.3,the 490 nm A values were 0.0560?0.0033,0.0535?0.0024,0.0524?0.0027 and 0.0350?0.0040,respectively.Conclusions The serum with anticardiolipin antibodies from patients with recurrent pregnancy loss can influence the prospective potency of BeWo cell,inhibit cell proliferation in vitro.Through this direct effect on biological behaviour of the trophoblastic cell,it will lead to recurrent pregnancy loss,whereas heparin can increase the ratio of pregnancy by reversing such effects in those patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Vaccination

Objective To investigate the relatonahip between TNF-α and ventricular arrhythmias after acute myocardial infarction(AMI)and its mechanism.Method Both the clinical and animal experiments were done.(1)Clinical experiment:Eighty patients with AMI were included in Union Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Techology,from May 2005 to November 2006 according to the WHO diagnostic criteria.Co-infection of diseases such as severe upper respiratory infection,lung infection,high fever,cancer,et al were excluded.The relationship between the levels of TNF-α and arrhythmias were observed at different times after AMI.A straight line correlation,analysis Was done.(2)Animal experiment:Different concentrations of TNF-αwere added to isohted rat hearts for observing the arrhythrnia effects.The effect of TNF-α on intracellular Ca2+ concentration was detected by laser confocal technique.All data were analyzed by SNK-q test using SPSS 13.0 sofeware prograrn.Results(1)The plasma levels of TNF-α were significantly associated with the Lown class of PVC after AMI and they were higher in AMI of anterior wall[(46.41±10.34)pg/ml]than other positions [(28.25±6.35)pg/ml,P<0.05].2)The frequency of ventricular arrhythmias was interrelated with the concentralions of TNF-α.Using etanercept beforehand,TNF-α induced a slight increase of intracellular Ca2+ intensity (P<0.05).Conclusions There was a relationship between TNF-αlevels and ventricular arrhythmisa in patients with AMI.Animal experiments confirmed the isolated heart perfusion with TNF-α induced ventricular arrhytrnias.Expression of TNF-α after AMI was related with the occurrence of ventricular arrhythrnias.The effect might be associated with the increased inuaeellular Ca2+ intensity caused by TNF-α.