Objective To study the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its relation with expression of receptor (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor uPAR) in epithelial ovari- an cancer (OEC) and with the clinic prognosis.Methods Expression of uPA and uPAR protein was detected by Streptavidin-biotin-HRP in 68 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer and compared with that in 10 cases of borderline tumor,10 cases of benign tumor and 10 cases of normal tissue,and correlation between them was analyzed.The different expression groups of uPA was correlated with the prognosis of ovarian epithelial can- cer.The expression of uPA showed a correlation with short survival time (P

Objective To investigate the effects of early hemofiltration combined with traditional Chinese medicine on nasal feeding on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients. Methods Seventy four patients were divided into traditional Chinese medicine group (group A, 35 cases) and traditional Chinese medicine+hemofiltration group (group B, 39 cases). In group A, patients were given a serious of procedure including fasting, gastrointestinal decompression, fluid resuscitation, inhi-bition of pancreatic secretion, antibiotic prophylaxis, parenteral nutrition and traditional Chinese medicine on nasal feeding;In group B, patients received continuous veno-venous hemofiltration treatment(also called Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy,CRRT) in addition to the procedures receiving by group A. On admission and the first, 3rd, 7th days post-treatment, the scores of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHEⅡ), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) levels were recorded. Length of hospital stay, local and systematic complications, surgical inter-vention, mortality and hospitalization expenses were compared between two groups. Results On admission, no statistical significance was seen in the hematocrit, white blood cell count, lactic acid dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, blood glu-cose, APACHEⅡscore, Ranson’s score and classification of etiology between these two groups (P>0.05). But APACHEⅡ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 were decreased significantly in group B than in group A, after the first, 3rd, 7th days post-treatment (P＜0.05). Compared with group A, the length of hospital stay, local complications, systemic complications, surgical interven-tion, mortality and hospitalization expense were lower in group B. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine on nasal feed-ing combined with early hemofiltration could effectively reduce complications, incidence of organ dysfunction and could im-prove the prognosis of SAP patients.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of adiponectin (APN) on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in cultured cardiomyocytes. Primary cardiomyocytes were obtained from neonatal rats by enzymatic digestion method and identified by immunofluorescent technique. Primary cells cultured for 72 h were used in experiment and divided into 5 groups randomly: Control group, H/R group, H/R+APN group, H/R+APN+adenine 9-beta-D-arabinfuranoside (AraA, AMPK inhibitor) group, and H/R+AraA group. The cardiocyte morphology and beating rate were observed under inverted microscope. The DNA ladder was examined by agarose gel electrophoresis, and the cell apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry. Moreover, the malondialchehyche (MDA) content in myocardial cells and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the supernatant were measured using kits, the fluorescence intensity of intracellular Ca2+ was observed by laser scanning confocal microscope, and the phosphorylation of AMPK was determined by Western blotting. Compared with control group, H/R group showed increased apoptotic rate, oxidative stress level, intracellular Ca2+ concentration and phosphorylation level of AMPK (P<0.05), while significant ameliorations in the above indices were seen in H/R+APN group. On the contrast, AraA attenuated the protective effect of APN and decreased the phosphorylation of AMPK. These results suggest that adiponectin can protect cardiomyocytes from H/R-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis through AMPK pathway.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism ; Adiponectin ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

Forensic palynology is to apply palynology to the field of forensic science, using pollen and spores to solve issues in juridical practice, such as civil and criminal issues. Sporopollens have a small size, wide distribution, diverse morphology, can be easily transferred, have durability, and is not easily noticed. It can provide strong investigation and related evidence for case detection as good trace evidence. The application of palynology in forensic science has achieved certain success, but it is underutilized in most countries. This paper analyzes the evidence value provided by sporopollen, collection of the sporopollen samples, the progress in detection technology and challenges ahead, based on the biological characteristics of sporopollen, combined with recent successful cases in forensic science, to comprehensively discuss the research progress in forensic palynology and its application prospects in forensic science.
Botany ; Forensic Sciences ; Pollen ; Spores

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling(SOCS)-3 and caspase-3 and their correlative significance in endometriosis.

METHODSImmunohistochemical EnVision method was used to detect the SOCS-3 and caspase-3 protein expression in ectopic and eutopic endometrium (n = 32) of patients with endometriosis, as well as normal endometrium (n = 30) of women without endometriosis.

RESULTSSOCS-3 and caspase-3 proteins were expressed in all three groups and not affected by the menstrual cycles. The expression of SOCS-3 in ectopic endometrium (5.54 ± 2.12) was significantly lower than that in eutopic (7.39 ± 1.09, P = 0.001) and control group (7.48 ± 1.26, P < 0.01), but without difference between the eutopic and control group (P = 0.756). SOCS-3 expression in ectopic and eutopic endometrium was significantly lower in III/IV stages than that in I/II stages of endometriosis (P < 0.05). Significantly lower expression of caspase-3 protein was found in ectopic (3.20 ± 1.24) and eutopic endometrium (3.88 ± 1.93) as compared with the control group (6.49 ± 1.85, P < 0.01), however ectopic and eutopic endometrium showed no significant difference (t = 1.66, P = 0.10). There was no significant difference of the expression of caspase-3 in ectopic and eutopic endometrium at different disease stages (P > 0.05). Positive correlation was found between the expression of SOCS-3 and caspase-3 proteins in ectopic endometrium (r = 0.655, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSOCS-3 may be involved in the development of endometriosis through inhibition of apoptosis of ectopic endometrial cells.

Adult ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Endometriosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endometrium ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Menstrual Cycle ; Middle Aged ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 3 Protein ; Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins ; metabolism ; Uterine Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

Five cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the n-hexane extract of Commiphora myrrha by using various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, ODS and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic data. These compounds were defined as (3S,4R)-3,9-dimethoxymyrrhone (1), 9-methoxymyrrhone (2), myrrhone (3), commiterpene B (4) and comosone Ⅱ (5). Compound 1 is a new compound, of which the absolute configuration was established by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. Compound 5 is firstly isolated from the Commiphora genus.

Primary central nervous system germ cell tumors (CNS-GCTs) in children and adolescents have unique clinical features and methods of treatment compared with those in adults. There is little information about Chinese children and adolescents with CNS-GCTs. Therefore, in this study we retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and treatment outcome of Chinese children and adolescents with primary CNS-GCTs. Between January 2002 and December 2012, 57 untreated patients from a single institution were enrolled. They were diagnosed with CNS-GCTs after pathologic or clinical assessment. Of the 57 patients, 41 were males and 16 were females, with a median age of 12.8 years (range, 2.7 to 18.0 years) at diagnosis; 43 (75.4%) had non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) and 14 (24.6%) had germinomas; 44 (77.2%) had localized disease and 13 (22.8%) had extensive lesions. Fifty-three patients completed the prescribed treatment, of which 18 underwent monotherapy of surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, and 35 underwent multimodality therapies that included radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy or surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. PEB (cisplatin, etoposide, and bleomycin) protocol was the major chemotherapy regimen. The median follow-up time was 32.3 months (range, 1.2 to 139 months). Fourteen patients died of relapse or disease progression. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival rates for all patients were 72.2% and 73.8%, respectively. The 3-year EFS was 92.9% for germinomas and 64.8% for NGGCTs (P = 0.064). The 3-year EFS rates for patients with NGGCTs who underwent monotherapy and multimodality therapies were 50.6% and 73.5%, respectively (P = 0.042). Our results indicate that multimodality therapies including chemotherapy plus radiotherapy were better treatment option for children and adolescents with CNS-GCTs.
Adolescent ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bleomycin ; administration & dosage ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; statistics & numerical data ; Disease-Free Survival ; Etoposide ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal ; therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Purpose To investigate the relations of THEM4/Akt expression and extracellular matrix deposit in kidney of diabetic mice. Methods Diabetic mice models were successfully established by intraperitoneally injected STZ. Both normal control mice and diabetic mice were raised for 8 week until they were sacrificed. Western blot, immunohistochemistry and realtime PCR were used to detect the expression of THEM4, phospho-Akt (Ser 473), TGF-β1, a-SMA, Col Ш, FN protein and THEM4 mRNA in the kidneys of normal mice and diabetic mice. Results Compared to normal control mice, THEM4 expression decreased by 37.7％ followed by 3.66, 1.29 2.33, 1.99 and 2.82 times increased of phospho-Akt (Ser473), TGF-β1, a-SMA, Col Ш and FN in kidney of diabetes mellitus. Extracellular matrix accumulation was found in renal interstitial region of diabetic mice. Conclusion The decreased THEM4 might cause extracellular matrix deposit in kidney of diabetic mice by upregulating the phosphorylation of Akt and TGF-β1, α-SMA expression in diabetic mice.

Objective To understand the pathogenic distribution and epidemiological trend of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD),and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD.Methods Children who were diagnosed with HFMD in a hospital between January and December 2015 were investigated,real time fluorescence PCR was used to detect enterovirus universal type EV,enterovirus 71 (EV71),and Coxsackievirus A16 (CoxA16) in specimens from children with HFMD.Positive rates and distribution of various types of EV among children of different months,genders,age groups,and infection types were analyzed.Results A total of 837 throat swab specimens from HFMD children were collected in 2015,380 (45.40％) of which were EV positive specimens.Virus typing showed that 110 (28.95 ％),7 (1.84 ％),6(1.58 ％),and 257(67.63 ％) were positive specimens for EV71,CoxA16,EV71 + CoxA16,and other types of EV.HFMD had a high prevalence since April,reached a peak in May-June,and remained high incidence in July-December.Positive rates of EV in children of different months were statistically different (P＜0.05).The age of onset was mainly in children under 3 years.Positive rates of EV and constitute ratios of different types of EV in children of different age groups were all statistically different (all P＜0.05).The positive rate of EV in severe HFMD cases was higher than common cases (65.34％ vs 27.06％,P＜0.001).The proportion of severe cases in children with EV71 infection and other types of EV infection were 90.00％ and 60.70％ respectively;children with EV71 + CoxA16 double infection were all severe cases.Constitute of EV types in children with different infection types was statistically different(P＜0.001).Conclusion In 2015,EV infection in hospitalized children with HFMD in this hospital was mainly caused by other types of EV (nonEV71 and non-CoxA16),the high prevalence season,high-risk population under 3 years of age,and severe cases should be paid high attention,prevention and treatment should be performed well.

Aim To investigate the effect of thioester-ase superfamily member 4(THEM4)expression on col-lagen secretion in human renal proximal tubular epithe-lial cells (HKC)treated with high glucose. Methods In order to examine the direct effect of THEM4 ex-pression vector on PI3K/ Akt pathway and collagen se-cretion,pYr-ads-4-THEM4 expression vector was con-structed and transfected into the HKC with lipo-fectamine 2000 in vitro. HKC cells were randomly di-vided into four groups:normal glucose group (Con-trol),high glucose group (HG),high glucose plus pYr-ads-4-THEM4 vector group (HG + THEM4 vec-tor) and high glucose plus pYr-adshuttle-4 vector group (HG + V vector). After 48 h with HG stimula-tion,the cells were collected for extraction of protein and phospho-Akt (Ser 473),THEM4,TGF-β1 andα-SMA protein expression were examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining respectively. Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ were detected using the competitive sandwich ELISA kit according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results High glucose inhibited THEM4 expression,and induced increased phospho-Akt (Ser 473),TGF-β1,α-SMA and secreted ColⅠand secre-ted Col Ⅲ in HKC cells. Up-regulation of THEM4 re-versed high glucose-induced decreased THEM4,in-creased phospho-Akt (Ser 473),TGF-β1,α-SMA, secreted Col Ⅰ and secreted Col Ⅲ in HKC cells. Conclusion The up-regulation of THEM4 may de-crease Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ secretion by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt and down-regulating the expres-sion of TGF-β1 and α-SMA in high glucose-induced HKC cells.