BACKGROUND:For patients in intensive care unit (ICU), mechanical ventilation is an effective treatment to survive from acute illness and improve survival rates. However, long periods of bed rest and restricted physical activity can result in side effects. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of early rehabilitation therapy in patients with mechanical ventilation. METHODS:A randomized controlled trial was carried out. Sixty patients, with tracheal intubation or tracheostomy more than 48 hours and less than 72 hours, were admitted to the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, from May 2010 to May 2012. These patients were randomly divided into a rehabilitation group and a control group. In the rehabilitation group, rehabilitation therapy was performed twice daily, and the training time and intensity were adjusted according to the condition of the patients. Early rehabilitation therapy included heading up actively, transferring from the supine position to sitting position, sitting at the edge of the bed, sitting in chair, transferring from sitting to standing, and ambulating bedside. The patient's body mass index, days to first out of bed, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, APACHE Ⅱ score, highest FiO2, lowest PaO2/FiO2 and hospital mortality of patients were all compared between the rehabilitation group and the control group. The differences between the two groups were compared using Student's t test. RESULTS:There was no significant difference in body mass index, APACHE Ⅱ score, highest FiO2, lowest PaO2/FiO2 and hospital mortality between the rehabilitation group and the control group (P>0.05). Patients in the rehabilitation group had shorter days to first out of bed (3.8±1.2 d vs. 7.3±2.8 d; P=0.00), duration of mechanical ventilation (5.6±2.1 d vs. 12.7±4.1 d; P=0.005) and length of ICU stay (12.7±4.1 d vs. 15.2±4.5 d; P=0.01) compared with the control group. CONCLUSION:Early rehabilitation therapy was feasible and effective in improving the outcomes of patients with mechanical ventilation.

Objective To study the correlation between cognitive dysfunction and cholinergic neuron changes in basal forebrain(BFB)and brainstem reticular formation(BSRF)areas after brain con- cussion(BC)in rats.Methods Eighty-four Spragne-Dawley rats weighing 250-310g were used.The BC rat models were reproduced by a self-made simple pendulum impact device,then the rats were ran- domized into one control group and six experimental groups(1 day,2 day,4 day,8 day,16 day,and 24 day groups;n=12 in each group).A Morris Water Maze(MWM)test was used to assess learning and memory function of the rats.Cholinergic neurons in the BFB and BSRF were identified with choline acetyltransferase(CHAT)antibody and quantitated.Results Compared with the control group,the la- tency to find the platform in MWM was much longer on days 1-3 after BC,but there was no statistical difference on days 4-21 after BC.The cell number and the ChAT expression activity of cholinergic neu- rons in the BFB were obviously decreased after BC,and reached the lowest level at 8 days after BC,then increased gradually and nearly reached the normal level at 24 days.The ChAT expression activity in BSRF declined on the first 2 days after BC,then went up gradually,and reached the peak at the 24th day.Conclusion The spatial cognition deficit of BC rats can be detected by MWM in the early period (1-3 days after BC).There are significant changes in the number and ChAT expression activity in BFB and BSRF after BC.The change of cholinergic neurons may be correlated with cognitive deficits in BC rats.

OBJECTIVE: To set up a classification standard of mild and moderate traumatic brain injury, for the purpose of reliable data comparison derived from different laboratories. METHODS: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats was prepared by using a metallic pendulum-striker device. After injury, five variable parameters including the time of apnea and the areflexia, time of corneal reflex, external auditory canal stung reaction, body-righting reflex and needling reaction were determined and scored by using rat coma criterion. These data were judged and classified into mild and moderate head injury by brain patho-anatomy changes. Then the data were used to set up a multivariate discriminate equation. RESULTS: The distinguished probability of mild and moderate TBI according to actual direct measured value and the criterion were 88.9% and 91.9%, respectively. CONCLUSION This method is able to classify mild and moderate TBI in rats.
Animals ; Brain Injuries/pathology* ; Coma/etiology* ; Forensic Medicine ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relative quantification of cytokeratin 19 transcription in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues by fluorescent quantitive real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction ((RT-PCR).

METHODSCK19mRNA level was detected by fluorescent quantitive real-time RT-PCR in cancerous and para-cancerous tissues from 31 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. According to the 2(-DeltaDeltaCt) equation, the relative quantification fold of CK19mRNA level was calculated in cancerous tissues compared with para-cancerous tissues.

RESULTSCK19mRNA levels in cancerous tissues were 2.21 folds higher than those in para-cancerous tissues, and the amplicon was specific. CK19mRNA level in cancerous tissue correlated significantly with pathological differentiation degree, the poorer the differentiation was, the higher the CK19mRNA level became.

CONCLUSIONSFluorescent quantitive real-time RT-PCR is accurate and reliable in the detection of relative quantification of CK19 transcription in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Neoplasms ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods

To clarify the association between HLA-DPB1 alleles and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in South Chinese, the allelic types of HLA-DPB1 were detected by sequence based typing (SBT) in 86 patients with CML and 82 healthy individuals from Southern China. The results showed that the frequencies of HLA-DPB1 * 1301 and DPB1 * 20011 were higher in patients with CML in comparison with those of healthy individuals. It is concluded that positive association may exist between certain HLA-DPB1 alleles and CML.
Alleles ; Chi-Square Distribution ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; HLA-DP Antigens ; genetics ; HLA-DP beta-Chains ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; genetics

Myxoid adrenocortical neoplasms are rare. Surgical resection of the mass is the first-line therapy. Here we reported a total of four patients, aged 44–66 years, diagnosed with myxoid adrenocortical tumor. The clinical characteristics and immunohistochemical features of the tumor are discussed in the current literature.
Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

The study was aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of vitamin K(2) (VK(2)) on myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) cell line MUTZ-1 in vitro. The flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptosis rate and the change of cell cycle. The expression of apoptosis-related genes bcl-2, survivin and bax were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The activity of caspase-3 was detected by chemiluminescence assay. The results indicated that the apoptosis peak on FCM and positive Annexin-V FITC on cell membrane showed that VK(2) induced apoptosis of MUTZ-1 cells in a dose-and-time-dependent manner, S and G(2) cell decrement, G(0)/G(1) cell arrest, VK(2) significantly down-regulated the expression of bcl-2 and survivin, but had no effect on the expression of bax, the activity of caspase-3 was significantly increased. It is concluded that VK(2) induces apoptosis of MUTZ-1 cells through activating caspase-3 pathways and the apoptosis-related genes bcl-2 and survivin may play important roles in the process of apoptosis induction.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Vitamin K 2 ; pharmacology ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; biosynthesis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate antibiotic resistance, clonal relatedness and carbapenemase genotype among carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii collected from 3 comprehensive hospitals in Ningbo city, Zhejiang province.

METHODS28 strains of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii were collected from Ningbo Li Hui-li Hospital, Ningbo Li Hui-li Hospital, Ningbo First Hospital, and N ingbo Second Hospital. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these strains were examined by agar dilution and E-test method. Homology of these isolates was analyzed by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and Genotype of carbapenemases were analyzed by PCR and verified by DNA sequencing.

RESULTS28 strains of Acinetobacter baumanii were highly resistant to all of the antibiotics except polymyxin E. They were classified into 4 clones based on PFGE pattern. Clone A and B had been spreading widely. All of the 28 strains produced carbapenemases which were confirmed as OXA-23 by PCR and sequencing. Metallo-beta-lactamase was not detected in any of the isolates.

CONCLUSIONAll of t hecarbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii collected from Ningbo were producing OXA-23 carbapenemase, suggesting that the transmission of clones had occurred in the 3 hospitals.

Acinetobacter Infections ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; Acinetobacter baumannii ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; China ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Genotype ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics

Objective To compare the quality of Angelica ultrafine grinding and Angelica pieces.Methods Methods of extraction and chromatographic is more optimized than method in Pharmacopoeia 2010.The method of ultrasonic extraction was used for 30 min by 70%metha-nol.High performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC ) method for the chromatographic conditions: Column: Kromasil C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5μm) , flow rate:1.0 mL· min -1 , detection wavelength:316 nm, column temperature:25 ℃, mobile phase:acetonitrile-water gra-dient 0.05% phosphoric acid system.Results The content of ferulic acid of water -soluble components in Angelica was higher than that of Angelica pieces.Conclusion Ultrafine grinding Angelica can improve the dissolution of the water -soluble components of ferulic acid.

Objective To evaluate the effect of cytochrome P450 2 D6*10 ( CYP2 D6*10 ) polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics of oral nebivolol after single and multiple doses. Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers which were selected according to their CYP2D6*10 genotype, consisted of 8 of CYP2D6*1 carriers and 7 of CYP2D6*10/*10 geno-types.All subjects received a single dose of 5 mg and multiple doses (5 mg? d-1 , qd, for 7 days) .Nebivolol in plasma were measured by LC-MS/MS.The main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by WinNonlin program.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of nebivolol in plasma between CYP2D6*1 carriers and CYP2D6*10/*10 genotypes after a single dose were as follows: t1/2 were (9.88 ±5.47), ( 12.29 ±6.19 ) h, AUCinf were ( 7.26 ±5.88 ), (8.56 ±5.20)μg? L-1? h, Cmax were (1.11 ±0.53), (1.42 ±0.75)μg? L-1 , respectively.The main pharmacokinetic parameters of nebivolol in plasma between CYP2D6*1 carriers and CYP2D6*10/*10 genotypes after multiple doses were as follows:t1/2 were (8.56 ±2.38), (7.67 ±4.75) h, AUCinf were (10.62 ±5.62), (12.74 ±7.40)μg? L-1? h, Cmax were (2.05 ±0.83), (2.02 ±0.75)μg? L-1, respectively.No significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of nebivolol were found between CYP2D6*1 carriers and CYP2D6*10/*10 genotypes.The clearance of the multiple doses was significantly lower compared with that of single dose in the different genotyped groups.Conclusion CYP2D6*10 polymorphism has no significant effect on the pharmacokinetics of oral nebivolol after single and multiple doses.The elimination of nebivolol decreases after the multiple doses, which is not affected by CYP2D6*10 polymorphism.