AIM: To analyze the effect factors of trabeculectomy combined with intraoperative application of mitomycin C in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma.
METHODS: Fifty patients (50 eyes) with neovascular glaucoma collected from January 2013 to August 2015 in our hospital were treated by trabeculectomy combined with intraoperative application of mitomycin C. Single factor and multi factor variables analysis were used for effect factors of trabeculectomy combined with intraoperative application of mitomycin C in the treatment of neovascular glaucoma.
RESULTS: By results of single factor variable analysis,< 50 years old, preoperative intraocular pressure ( IOP) was ≥45mmHg and postoperative occurrence of anterior chamber hemorrhage were risk factors for treatment failure ( P < 0. 05 ), and gender, proliferative diabetic retinopathy and previous cataract surgery and prior photocoagulation were not the risk factors for failure (P>0. 05 ). By multivariate analysis, < 50 years old and postoperative occurrence of anterior chamber hemorrhage were risk factors for treatment failure ( P < 0. 05 ), and preoperative IOP≥45mmHg was not a risk factor (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: For patients < 50 years old with neovascular glaucoma, should be careful on the selection of surgical treatment. For high- risk patients, we should strengthen the monitoring and give timely intervention, which are helpful to improve the prognosis.

The peeled stem of Syringa pinnatifolia is a Mongolia folk medicine, mainly distributed in Helan mountain, inner Mongolia and Ningxia provinces of China. It has been used for the treatment of cardiopalmus, angina pectoris, and cardiopulmonary diseases for a long history. Contemporary research revealed the presence of major lignans, sesquitepenes, and essential oils, and showed myocardial ischemia related diseases. This review summarizes the plant origins, taxonomic disputes, phytochemical and pharmacological research progress, hopefully to provide reference for full medicinal utilization, clarification of biological effective substance, and drug development.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Medicine, Mongolian Traditional ; Molecular Structure ; Syringa ; chemistry

BACKGROUND:Hand-foot-mouth disease has become a major public health issue in children in China. In the present prospective study we investigated the clinical characteristics and emergency management of children with severe encephalitis associated with NPE caused by enterovirus 71. METHODS:The study was conducted in 2 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) over a 2-month period. Clinical records were reviewed of critically ill children with severe encephalitis associated with NPE caused by EV71 who were admitted to PICUs during the period of May to June 2008 in Fuyang. RESULTS:We reviewed the complete records of 36 children, of whom 23 (63.9％) were male and 13 (36.1％) female. Their age ranged from 4 to 48 months, with an average of 15.8 months. Al children except one were under 3 years of age. The overal mortality in these children was 19.4％. The average duration of critical life threatening signs and symptoms was 2.1 days (12 hours-5 days). Nervous system diseases included brainstem encephalitis in 27 children (75％), brainstem encephalitis associated with myelitis in 6 children (16.7％), and general encephalitis in 3 chidren (8.3％), respectively. In 12 patients of NPE (33.3％) pink or bloody bubble sputum and asymmetric pulmonary edema or hemorrhage was the primary manifestation but no typical exanthema was observed. Five children died of acute onset of NPE and / or pulmonary hemorrhage with rapid progression of cardiopulmonary failure within hours after admission. Therapeutic management consisted of mechanical ventilation and administration of mannitol, methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and vasoactive drugs, associated with the need of fluid volume resuscitation in 9 (25％) of the 36 children. CONCLUSIONS:In children less than 3 years of age found to be affected by severe EV71 encephalitis associated with NPE, one fifth may die. The major organ systems infected by severe EV71 include the central nervous system, the respiratory system, and the cardiovascular system. Early diagnosis and evaluation, respiratory support, treatment of intracranial hypertension, and mainttenance of function of the cardiovascular system are the most important therapeutic measures.

PURPOSETo compare the efficacy of percutaneous poking reduction and fixationwith open reduction and fixation in the treatment of displaced calcaneal fractures.

METHODSReports of studies using case-controlled trials (CCT) to compare the percutaneous poking reduction and fixation with the open reduction and fixation in the management of calcaneal fractures were retrieved from the Cochrane Library, PubMed Database, CNKI, Chinese Biomedical Database, Wanfang Data (from January of 2005 to August of 2015). Methodological quality of the trials was critically assessed, and relevant data were extracted. Statistical software Revman 5.0 was used for data-analysis.

RESULTSFifteen articles were included in the meta-analysis. Comparison of the efficacy of percutaneous poking reduction and fixation with open reduction and fixation in the treatment of calcaneal fractures revealed statistical significance in the incidence of complications after operation [RR = 0.32, 95% CI (0.20, 0.5), p < 0.05]. However, there were neither statistical significance in the degrees of recovery for calcaneal Bohler angle [WMD = -1.65, 95% CI (-3.43, 0.14), p > 0.05] and calcaneal Gissane angle [WMD = -3.21, 95% CI (-6.75, 0.33), p > 0.05], nor statistical significance in the rate of good foot function after operation [RR= 0.95, 95% CI (0.90, 1.00), p > 0.05].

CONCLUSIONFor the treatment of calcaneal fractures, percutaneous poking reduction and fixation is su- perior to open reduction and fixation in terms of the incidence of postoperative complications. But both techniques can obtain satisfactory clinical function.

Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; adverse effects ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Open Fracture Reduction ; adverse effects ; methods ; Postoperative Complications ; epidemiology ; Publication Bias

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins ; blood ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Poliomyelitis ; immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Young Adult

Post-traumatic complex regional pain syndrome type 1 (CRPS1) is uncommon and can cause the disability of patients. Complex dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint on the little finger due to interposition of the sesamoid bone is rare and was firstly reported by Pribyl.1 We reported a rare case of CRPS1 after surgery of complex metacarpophalangeal dislocation of the little finger. To our knowledge, this case has not been reported yet.
Aged ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Metacarpophalangeal Joint ; injuries ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of acupuncture at the whole points of Hand Jueyin pericardium meridian on the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) of healthy people in resting state (R1) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

METHODSTotally 16 healthy subjects received structure scan of T1 and T2. Then two fMRI scans were conducted for each participant. fMRI included the resting-state scan (R1; the scanning time was 8 min 6 s), the stimulating-acupoint scan (AP; the scanning time was 8 min 6 s). fMRI data acquisition from structure scanning and function scanning were processed with format conversion and statistical analysis.

RESULTSUnder R1 state, brain regions with activated ALFF signals included bilateral superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, precuneus, superior temporal gyrus, and cingulate gyrus. Under the AP state, brain regions with activated ALFF signals were bilateral superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate, and declivis. Compared with R1 state, obvious difference of ALFF signal areas of the brain caused by acupuncture at pericardium were: bilateral cuneus, precuneus, left posterior cingulate gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus, and right occipital lingual gyrus.

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at the whole points of Hand Jueyin pericardium meridian could significantly change inherent activity states of the cerebral cortex, especially in bilateral superior frontal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and precuneus.

Acupuncture ; Acupuncture Points ; Brain ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Pericardium

Objective To observe the morphological changes of the peripheral nerves,the expression changes of microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) and the changes of motor function in rats after chronic spinal cord compression.Methods A total of 50 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=10),sham-operated group (n=10) and chronic compressive groups (n=30).The rats in the chronic compressive groups were given gradual compression on the posterior spinal cord using blunt plastics screw; compression degree reached 20％ (n=10),40％ (n=10) and 60％ (n=10),respectively,after 2 months.Rats in the normal control group did not receive any treatment and rats in the sham-operated group was only given removal of the L5 spinous process and part of the vertebral plate.Following sacrifice of the rats,cells from sciatic nerves were removed for HE staining;light microscopy and electron microscopy were employed to observe the changes; immunohistochemical staining of MAP1B was performed.Results Hypokinesia,and decreased Tarlov scores,Ramp test scores and BBB-21 scores in the chronic compressive groups were noted as compared with those in the normal control group (P＜0.05).Peripheral nerve degeneration was noted in all the chronic compressive groups; the more severe the compression,the more significant the degeneration.Expression of MAP1B in the peripheral nerves of the chronic compressive groups was significantly down-regulated as compared with that in the normal control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Spinal cord compressive injury can lead to peripheral nerve degeneration; and neuronal apoptosis and necrosis lead to rare axonal regeneration,which may be one of the important reasons that influences the neural function recovery after chronic spinal cord compression.

OBJECTIVETo ascertain whether connexin 26 (Cx26) gene was a nuclear modifier gene in an extensive family with matrilineal nonsyndromic deafness associated with A1555G mutation in Huaiyin, China.

METHODSFollowing PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with ApaI restriction enzyme, Cx26 genes from 26 cases, with A1555G mitochondrial mutations in this family, and 62 controls (including 2 patrilineal relatives, 10 spouse controls and 50 unrelated controls), were sequenced.

RESULTSCompared with the reference sequence of Cx26 gene, totally four kinds of nucleotide changes,79G -->A, 109G-->A, 341G-->A and 235delC, were detected in a heterozygous form. However, the former three were previously reported polymorphisms, and only the 235delC was a previously described recessive mutation associated with most autosomal nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss in Japan and China. Further study showed that the heterozygous 235delC mutation existed in both one individual with mild hearing loss and two individuals with normal hearing. Clinical characterization showed that 235delC mutation did not seem to modify the deafness phenotype due to the A1555G mutation. Moreover, this 235delC mutation was deduced to derive from a married-in control. Finally, there were no co-segregation between the phenotypes of hearing loss and the genotypes for Cx26 genes based on the four kinds of nucleotide changes.

CONCLUSIONSThe heterozygous 235delC mutation of the Cx26 gene may not modulate the severity of hearing loss associated with A1555G mutation and Cx26 gene is unlikely to be a modifier gene for hearing loss due to A1555G mitochondrial mutation in this Chinese family.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; Deafness ; epidemiology ; ethnology ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Sequence Analysis ; Young Adult

Angiogenesis inhibitors can make tumor cells in a harsh environment by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and effectively blocking the tumor progression.However,anti-angiogenic drugs have shown lots of limitations,such as short-term duration,numerous adverse reactions,benefiting only a minority of tumor types and so on.These limitations restrain the development of new drugs and limit the cancer therapies.Many studies have revealed that tumor cells can escape from anti-angiogenic treatments through a variety of ways and mechanisms.In this review,we focus on the reasons behind the failure in treatments,so as to propose solving strategies to improve the current anti-angiogenic drug efficacy and provide reference for new angiogenesis inhibitors and clinical medication.