0.05).The required dose of LT4 during the second and third trimester was respectively,remarkably increased compared to pre-gestational period (P

Birth Weight ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Diseases ; etiology ; therapy ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

It is important and difficult to establish the market competition mechanism in the health care re-form. Medical voucher system in Hong Kong and Macao can provide policy guidelines for Mainland China to promote institutional innovation, force public hospital reform and the rational allocation of medical and health resources. This paper introduced the origin and development of medical voucher system. Based on the description of the implementa-tion background, similarities and differences and effects of medical voucher system in Hong Kong and Macao, the pa-per found that medical voucher system could help encourage the demander to make more frequent use of medical serv-ices, improve their consciousness of prevention and health care and promote family doctor system. Through analyzing the applicability of medical voucher system in mainland China, the paper pointed out it was consistent with the reform orientation and could be served as a useful supplement to the health care system to improve medical insurance, medi-cal assisstance system as well as an effective measure to develop private medical institutions.

Objective: To detect methylation status of p16 CDKN2A exon 1 during experimental carcinogenesis in rats. Methods:Thirty male clean SD rats were fed with 0.02 g/L of 4-nitroquinoline-oxide (4NQO) in drinking water.13, 16 and 24 weeks after experiment the normal, moderate-severe dysplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma tissues were removed from their tongues respectively; then the methylation status of p16 CDKN2A exon 1 were detected by methylation-specific PCR(MSP). Results:A 123 bp-unmethylated product was amplified in all samples but the methylated product was not detected in any of the samples. Conclusion: The p16 CDKN2A exon 1 appeares to be unmethylated during carcinogenesis of tongue cancer in experimental rats.

Objective To explore the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)and lym- phocyte function-associated antigen-I(LFA-1)in the pathogenesis of Sjgren's syndrome(SS)and provide a theoretical basis for clinical therapy.Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect these two cellular adhesion molecules in labial salivary glands of primary Sjgren's syndrome patients and 15 healthy controls.Semiquantitative analysis was performed by image analysis software.Results①In salivary gland samples,the expression of both ICAM-1 and LFA-1 was significantly higher compared to that of controls(P

Objective To study the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its relation with expression of receptor (urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor uPAR) in epithelial ovari- an cancer (OEC) and with the clinic prognosis.Methods Expression of uPA and uPAR protein was detected by Streptavidin-biotin-HRP in 68 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer and compared with that in 10 cases of borderline tumor,10 cases of benign tumor and 10 cases of normal tissue,and correlation between them was analyzed.The different expression groups of uPA was correlated with the prognosis of ovarian epithelial can- cer.The expression of uPA showed a correlation with short survival time (P

AlM: To evaluate the clinical effect of 200g/L protein-free calf blood extract eye gel for corneal epithelial defect.METHODS: One hundred and sixty - eight cases of corneal epithelial defect ( 58 cases with herpes simplex keratitis; 24 cases with chemical injury; 85 cases with pterygium operation injury ) were randomly divided into two groups: 84 eyes were treated with protein-free calf blood extract eye gel; 84 cases were treated with basic fibroblast growth factor eye gel ( bFGF ) . The bFGF and protein-free calf blood extract eye gels were used 4 times a day. The treatment course was 7d. Epithelial defect restoration, local symptom and sign were observed.
RESULTS: The difference between pre-treatment and post-treatment was significant ( P<0. 01 ) in the two groups. The effect of protein-free calf blood extract eye gel (83. 3%) group was prior to that of bFGF (69%) for corneal epithelial defect. The effective rate of protein-free calf blood extract eye gel in the herpes simplex keratitis, chemical injury and pterygium operation injury was 72. 4%,69. 2% and 95. 2%. Localized stimulus and adverse reaction of all over the body were not been observed.
CONCLUSlON: Protein-free calf blood extract eye gels is valuable and safe for corneal epithelial defect.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the cognition of medical staff for adverse drug reactions(ADR). METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted on the spot among the physicians,nurses and pharmacists with different profes-sional titles in our hospital to investigate their cognition about ADR concept,their judgment for ADR and ADR reporting,and the results were analyzed by statistical methods. RESULTS:Totally 452 questionnaires were sent out,and 439 were effectively re-ceived,with effective rate of 97.12%. In terms of correct cognition rate about ADR basic concept and the main reasons,the sur-veyed pharmacists were higher than physicians and nurses,the senior professional titles of surveyed pharmacists were higher than the intermediate and junior,the pharmacists with senior professional titles were the highest and the junior were the lowest,the dif-ferences were statistically significant(P<0.05);in terms of the proportion of certain for ADR judgment,the surveyed nurses were lower than pharmacists and physicians,the surveyed physicians with senior and intermediate professional titles were higher the ju-nior,the surveyed nurses with intermediate titles were higher than the junior,the surveyed pharmacists with senior professional ti-tles were higher than the intermediate and the junior,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);in terms of cognition about ADR reporting,the surveyed pharmacists were the highest and the nurses were the lowest,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05),while in terms of the proportion of knowing ADR reporting timing limit,reporting procedures and depart-ments,the surveyed pharmacists and physicians with junior professional titles were lower than the senior and intermediate,the dif-ferences were statistically significant(P<0.05);in terms of reasons for missed ADR reporting,the proportion of consideration of the risk of causing medical disputes for doctors of the surveyed physicians was higher than pharmacists and nurses,while the sur-veyed nurses showed higher proportion for doing not understand reporting procedures,doing not reporting,thinking ADR reporting was dispensable and uncertain for ADR identification,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Medical staff with different professional titles and occupations have different cognition about ADR basic concept,judgment and re-porting,the pharmacist are relatively good,followed by the physician and nurse,especially the nurse,and the medical staff with junior professional titles are relatively poor. It is necessary to strengthen ADR education and training for them,play professional ad-vantages from the pharmacist and optimize ADR reporting procedures to improve the reporting rate and quality of ADR.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) gene polymorphism and aerobic endurance.

METHODSThe (CA)n repeats polymorphism genotypes in HSL intro 6 of 123 outstanding long distance runners and 127 controls of Han nationality in northern China were analyzed by PCR and Fluorescence labeled STR-genescan. Repeat polymorphisms were grouped according to segmentation point and alleles were divided into long or short chains. Chi-square test was used to analyze the frequency difference of allelic and genotypic between athlete and control groups.

RESULTS(CA) n repeats polymorphism in HSL gene was total of 9 different repeat number of alleles, which composed of 25 different genotypes. The chi-square test result showed that when compared short and long chain alleles split by 4, there was a significant difference (P <0.05) of genotype distribution in 5/10 km group compared with control. Compared the rest groups with control, there was no significant difference.

CONCLUSIONCompared short and long chain alleles split by 4, the LL genotype of (CA)n of HSL was associated with aerobic endurance and it might be a molecular marker of elite 5/10 km long distance runners.

Alleles ; China ; Ethnic Groups ; Genotype ; Humans ; Physical Endurance ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Sterol Esterase ; genetics

Objective To investigate the relationship between gene polymorphisms of homocysteine (Hcy), metabolic enzymes methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR C677T and chronic pulmonary heart disease (CPHD). Methods The gene polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T were determined by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)in CPHD patients (n=120) and healthy control (HC, n=120), and genotyping was carried on. The automatic biochemistry analyzer was used to detect the level of Hcy and other related biochemical indicators. Results There was significant difference in Hcy level between the CPHD group and HC group (P<0.05). The mutation frequencies of CC, CT and TT were 24.17%, 43.33%and 32.50%, 35.00%, 47.50%and 17.50%in the CPHD group and HC group. The mutation frequencies of allele C/T were 45.83%and 54.17%in HC group, and 58.75%and 41.25%in control group. There was significant difference in the overall frequency distribution between the three genotypes (χ2 =8.010, P<0.05). The frequency of T allele was significantly higher in CPHD group than that in control group (χ2=8.025,P<0.05). Conclusion The increased Hcy and its metabolic enzyme MTHFR C677T may be involved in the occurrence and development of CPHD.