Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Neoplasms

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) interventions on volume status in hemodialysis patient. Methods Searched The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, EBsco, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine, China National Knowledge Infrastructure to collect clinical trials. The retrieval time was from database to July 15, 2016. The studies were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were critically appraised by two reviewers. Then the data of included studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software and descriptive analysis. Results Ten clinical trials were included six random control trial, one controlled clinical trail, three longitudinal study, involving 2009 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the effectiveness of BIA interventions on volume management could improve blood pressure (P=0.001), protect the heart function(left ventricular mass index,P=0.002), compared with the clinical evaluation method, the BIA assessment of dry weight of hemodialysis patients could reduce hospitalization rate 14%. Descriptive analysis showed that BIA intervention volume management had certain advantages for the survival benefit of patients, but the current research was still few, had not yet come to a certain conclusion. Conclusions BIA can improve the management of the volume status and dry weight of hemodialysis patients, so as to it can improve the clinical benefit and survival benefit of patients.Better methods and guidelines for assessing DW and using BIA need to be developed.We propose that experienced HD nursing staff be trained in the use of the BIA to help monitor patient over hydration and approximate dry weight in consultation with the nephrologists responsible for the care of these patients so as to obviate excessive residual over hydration between nephrology reviews.

Objective To investigate the relationship between apolipoprotein E(Apo E) gene poly-morphism and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and e-valuate the correlative risk factors. Method 40 cases of type 2 diabetes with MCI and 80 cases of type 2 diabetes without MCI were enrolled in this study. The polymorphism of the Apo E gene was detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). According to the clinical data such as course of disease, plasma glucose, plasma fat and body mass index (BMI), the independent risk factors of T2DM and MCI were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression. Results The frequency of Apo E ε_4 allele in the group of type 2 diabetes with MCI was higher than that without MCI ( 25.0% vs 10. 0% ), and the difference had statistical significance( P < 0. 01 ). The indexes of the statistical significant difference be-twcen the two groups were age, course of disease, postprandial blood glucose ( P2BG), HBA1C, BMI,family history of T2DM, hypertension, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, Apo E gene. The independent risk factors included diabetic retinopathy ( OR = 3. 452, P < 0. 05 ), diabetic peripheral neuropathy( OR = 3. 252, P <0. 05), Ape E gene( OR = 2. 441, P < 0.01 ), HBA1C ( OR = 1. 372, P <0.05), P2BG(OR = 1. 194, P <0.05), age(OR = 1. 194, P <0.01) and course of disease(OR =1. 142, P <0. 05). Conclusion Apo E ε_4 allele has significant relationship with T2DM and MCI. The age, course of disease, control of plasma glucose, and microvascular complication of diabetes have relation-ship with the cognitive function.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-308A/G gene polymorphism and mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),and their correlative risk factors thereof.Methods:Forty cases of T2DM with MCI and 80 cases of T2DM without MCI were selected for this study.The polymorphism of the TNF-α-308A/G was detected by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).According to the clinical data,such as course of disease,plasma glucose,plasma fat and body mass index(BMI),the independent risk factors of T2DM and MCI were analyzed by non-conditional logistic regression.Results:The frequency of TNF-α2 allele was significantly higher in the group of T2DM with MCI than that without MCI (P＜0.01).The indexes of the statistical significant difference between the two groups were the age,course of disease,postprandial blood glucose(P2BG),glycosylated hemoglobin,body mass index,family history of T2DM,hypertension,diabetic retinopathy,diabetic peripheral neuropathy and TNF-α.The independent risk factors included TNF-α,diabetic peripheral neuropathy,diabetic retinopathy,age and P2BG.Conclusion:There is a significant relationship between TNF-α2 allele and T2DM with MCI.There is a significant relationship between the age,control of plasma glucose and microvaseular complication of T2DM with the cognitive funotion.

Humans ; Joint Dislocations/diagnostic imaging* ; Neck Injuries ; Disability Evaluation

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of Baisuifang Granule in treating cognitive malfunction after cerebral infarction. METHODS: One hundred and sixty patients with cerebral infarction were divided randomly into two groups. Eighty patients were treated with Baisuifang Granule and 80 with nimodipine for two months. Clinical observation and laboratory examinations were performed for Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), clinical symptoms, Chinese Stroke Scale (CSS), hemorrheological indexes and fibrinogen before and after the treatment. RESULTS: Baisuifang Granule could improve MMSE, reduce the scores of clinical symptoms and CSS, and meliorate the blood rheology. The total effective rate for clinical symptoms in the Baisuifang treated group accounted to 76.25%, with statistical difference comparing to 58.75% of nimodipine treated group (P<0.05). There was significant difference in symptom integral, CSS and whole blood viscosity at the high shear rate, respectively (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Baisuifang Granule is an effective Chinese medicine for treating cognitive malfunction after cerebral infarction.

Objective:To observe the effect of herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion on liver X receptor alpha (LXRα) in rabbits with atherosclerosis.Methods:Thirty-six male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a normal group,a model group,a herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group and a simvastatin group according to the random number table method,with 9 rabbits in each group.Rabbits in the model group,the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group and the simvastatin group were modeled by high fat feeding method which took 12 weeks.After verification of the successful model,rabbits in the normal group were not treated,in the model group were bundled,in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group were treated with herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion,and those in the simvastatin group were treated with simvastatin,all for a total of 4 weeks.At the end of the experiment,the aorta and liver were observed for pathological changes;serum and liver were used to detect lipid levels;Western blot (WB) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were used to detect LXRα protein and mRNA expression levels,respectively.Results:Compared with the normal group,the structure of aorta was disordered,the wall was rough and thick,the intima was unsmooth,and the vascular smooth muscle cells were arranged closely and disorderly in the model group,which was consistent with the characteristics of the rabbit model of aortic atherosclerosis.Compared with the model group,the aortic structure was clear,the degree of hepatocyte degeneration was reduced,the serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were significantly decreased (all P＜0.01),the high-density lipoprotein level was elevated (P＜0.01),and the total liver cholesterol was decreased significantly (P＜0.01) in the rabbits of the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group and the simvastatin group;compared with the model group,the protein (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05) and mRNA (P＜0.01) expressions of rabbit LXRα in the herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group and the simvastatin group were increased.Conclusion:Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion can improve the aortic and hepatic lesions,regulate blood lipid and liver lipid levels,increase the expression of liver cholesterol reverse transport nuclear receptor LXRα,promote reverse cholesterol transport in the rabbits with aortic atherosclerosis,therefore produces an antiatherogenic effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of ovarian carcinosarcoma and the diagnostic value of MRI.

METHODSThe MRI features of ovarian carcinosarcoma and clinical data of 5 patients with ovarian carcinosarcoma were reviewed. All the lesions were confirmed by surgery and pathological examination.

RESULTSMRI of ovarian carcinosarcoma in the 5 cases all showed large tumor mass and heterogeneous high-intensity on T2-weighted images and low-intensity on T1-weighted images, with laminar or stripe-like enhancement. Hemorrhage and necrosis were also displayed in some lesions. In two cases, the tumors invaded the greater omentum, sigmoid colon and the body of the uterus, with regional lymph node involvement. Pelvic effusion was observed in all the cases with pelvic hematocele in 1 case.

CONCLUSIONMRI is useful in the detection and staging of ovarian carcinosarcoma.

Aged ; Carcinosarcoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies

Aromatase is a key enzyme responsible for in vivo estrogen biosynthesis. Inhibition of the activity of the aromatase has become an alterative way for treatment of breast cancer. In this review, the structure and catalytic mechanism of the aromatase is briefly introduced followed by thorough review of the progress in the study of the steroidal and non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors. This review is focused on the natural compounds that exhibit the aromatase inhibition, which include flavonoids, xanthones, coumarins, and sesquiterpenes. The structure-activity relationship of these compounds is also discussed.
Androstenedione ; analogs & derivatives ; Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Aromatase ; chemistry ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Aromatase Inhibitors ; chemistry ; classification ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Catalysis ; Coumarins ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Estrogens ; biosynthesis ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Nitriles ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Triazoles ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Xanthones ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effects of siRNA targeting BCSG1 gene expression in tumor transplants of human breast cancer cell line in nude mice.

METHODSFour-pairs of small interfering RNA sequences of BCSG1 were chemically synthesized and inserted into the plasmid expression vectors, and were then transfected into human breast carcinoma cell line MCF7 by liposome method. Plasmid vector with unrelated sequence was used as the vector control. Cells transfected with 4 siRNA sequences, control vector and naive FCF7 cells were transplanted into the nude mice. The tumor inhibition was analysised. Immunohistochemical SP method and semi-quantitative RT-PCR were adopted to detect the BCSG1 mRNA and protein expression, respectively. Breast tissue samples of human infiltrating ductal carcinoma, ductal hyperplasia and fibroadenoma were also used as the controls.

RESULTSThe inhibition rates of tumor growth in four BCSG1-siRNA transfected groups were remarkably higher than those of the vector control group and naive MCF7 cells (P<0.01). Compared with that of the vector control and naïve MCF7 cell group, there was a significant decrease of BCSG-1 protein expression in the four experimental groups by immuno-histochemistry staining (P<0.01). In addition, BCSG1 mRNA expression in the four groups transfected with BCSG1-siRNA were significantly less than that of the control vector group, naive MCF7 cell control group and human breast IDC (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONBCSG1-siRNA down-regulates the expression of BCSG1 and inhibits effectively growth of the transplaned human breast cancer cell line in nude mice.

Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Fibroadenoma ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden ; gamma-Synuclein ; biosynthesis ; genetics