Adenocarcinoma, Follicular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Adenoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cell Nucleus ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Thyroid Gland ; pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Thyroid Nodule ; diagnosis ; Thyroiditis ; diagnosis

Objective To investigate the independent factors associated with the apex of left atrial appendage(LAA) spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation (VAF). Methods Seventeen normal subjects and 21 patients with VAF were included. Plasma fibrinogen (Fg),vov Willebrand factor (vWF),D-dimer (DD),P-selectin,thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) were measured. The apex of LAA SEC was assessed quantitatively by integrated backscatter (IBS). LAA flow and pulmonary venous flow were detected by transesophageal echocardiography. Results Fg,vWF,DD,TAT and PAI-1 were increased significantly in patients with atrial fibrillation compared with control ( P

Objective To establish the method of depict ing the left ventricular (LV) pressure-volume loop automatically by computer which incorporates LV catherization simultaneous with LV acoustic quantification echocardiography and to assess echocardiography non-invasive evaluation LV chamber stiffness. Methods Thirteen patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) underwent LV catherization simultaneously with echocardiography. LV pressure and volume curves were sent to computer, and LV pressure-volume loop was depicted automatically and modulus of LV chamber stiffness (Kc) was obtained. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography of mitral intraventricular flows was obtained in patients with HCM. Results Patients with HCM had significantly higher Kc obtained from LV pressure-volume loop ( 0.43 ? 0.11 vs 0.27 ). R-E 3/R-E 0, (R-E 2)-(R-E 1), (R-A 3)-(R-A 2) were correlated to Kc(r= 0.61 , 0.57 , 0.58 ,respectively). Conclusions This method provides a simple and reliable technique for automatically tracing pressure-volume loop and should facilitate further investigation of the left ventricular diastolic function in clinical practice. R-E 3/ R-E 0, (R-E 2)-(R-E 1), (R-A 3)-(R-A 2) offer new non-invasive indices in evaluating LV chamber stiffness.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of furanodiene(FDE),a diterpene derived from the medicinal plant Zedoary,on apoptosis of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells induced in vitro. METHODS MGC-803 cells were treated with FDE 46.29~740.74μmol·L-1 for 24,48 and 72 h,and the cell viability was detected with MTT assay. Cell morphology was observed by light microscopy and Hoechst33342 staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptotic rate and cell cycle. Rh123 staining and fluorescence probe DCFH-DA were employed to detect the changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species(ROS). RESULTS MTT Results showed that FDE 46.29-740.74μmol · L-1 exhibited significantly higher cytotoxicity to gastric cancer MGC-803 cells. IC50 for MGC-803 of 24,48 and 72 h treatment was 347.91,257.41 and 101.01μmol·L-1,respectively. Treatment with FDE 92.58-370.32μmol·L-1 for 24 h also caused significant morphological changes in MGC-803 cells. AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI double staining showed that the apoptotic rate increased after FDE 92.58-370.32μmol·L-1 treatment for 24 h(P<0.05). FDE enabled MGC-803 cell cycle arrest in S phase. DCFH-DA staining showed that FDE resulted in an increase in intracellular ROS levels(P<0.05) when PDE concentration was 370.37μmol·L-1(P<0.05). MMP decreased after FDE treatment when PDE concen?tration was 370.37μmol·L-1(P<0.05). CONCLUSION FDE Possesses potent tumor selected toxicity and can induce apoptosis of MGC-803 cells through cell cycle arresting,which is related to inhibition of DNA biosynthesis.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of intranasal administration of low dosage recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) on seizure in rats.

METHODSAfter intranasal or intraperitoneal administration of r-HuEPO, the behavioral and electroencephalographic changes were observed in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES) induced seizure or electrical amygdaloid-kindled seizure of rats.

RESULTIntranasal administration of low dosage r-HuEPO increased the seizure latency, and decreased the seizure grade and duration, and the number of convulsive episodes in PTZ induced seizure, with the most potential dosage of 2.4 IU. Intraperitoneal administration of r-HuEPO (3 000, 4 000 IU/kg) only decreased the seizure duration and number of convulsive episodes. The seizure grade, forelimb or hindlimb extension duration were decreased in MES-induced seizure by intranasal administration of 2.4 IU r-HuEPO. In addition, intranasal administration of 2.4 IU r-HuEPO decreased the seizure grade, generalized seizure duration and afterdischarge in electrical amygdaloid-kindled rats stimulated with generalized seizure threshold.

CONCLUSIONIntranasal administration of low dosage r-HuEPO can inhibit the seizure in rats.

Administration, Intranasal ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants ; administration & dosage ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Erythropoietin ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Pentylenetetrazole ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Proteins

In order to investigate the mechanism, the correlation between the odor change in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process and 5-HMF were studied. Required samples were retrieved from Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process. Statistical quality control (SQC) was used to analyze the response values acquired by the electronic nose. At the same time, the content of 5-HMF was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the above two. Experimental results showed that SQC model established by response values of all samples could show the change law of odor in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process and changes of 5-HMF content was dropped after the first increase. Correlation analysis showed that the odor change in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process and 5-HMF were significantly correlated (P < 0.05). Sugar degradation reaction and the Maillard reaction may be one of the mechanisms of the odor change in Crataegi Fructus stir-fried process.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Crataegus ; chemistry ; Furaldehyde ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Hot Temperature ; Odorants ; analysis ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of 7 residual solvents(ethanol,n-hexane,benzene,tolu-ene,xylene,styrene,divinylbenzene)in Liuwei dihuang glycoside. METHODS:The column was DB-624 capillary column,carri-er gas was nitrogen,flow rate was 5.0 ml/min;detector was a hydrogen flame ionization detector with temperature of 250 ℃(pro-grammed temperature);equilibrium temperature was 80 ℃,sample loop temperature was 90 ℃,and transfer line temperature was 100 ℃;the equilibrium time of vial heating was 30 min,sample loop filling time was 0.05 min,injection time was 1.0 min;the carrier gas pressure was 95 kpa,and the vial pressure was 60 kpa. RESULTS:The linear range was 25-500 μg/ml for ethanol(r=0.998 7),0.025-10μg/ml for n-hexane(r=0.998 8),0.025-10μg/ml for benzene(r=0.999 9),0.1-40μg/ml for toluene(r=1.000 0),0.25-100 μg/ml for xylene(r=0.999 9),0.5-500 μg/ml for styrene(r=1.000 0) and 0.5-500 μg/ml for divinylbenzene (r=1.000 0);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 4%;recoveries were 99.60%-102.70%(RSD=1.08%,n=9),90.70%-100.30%(RSD=4.51%,n=9),100.10%-109.80%(RSD=3.82%,n=9),99.50%-110.00%(RSD=4.40%,n=9),100.00%-109.10%(RSD=3.50%,n=9),93.40%-102.30%(RSD=3.73%,n=9) and 99.70%-101.70%(RSD=0.79%,n=9),respectively;the low limits of detection were 1.000,0.025,0.025,0.025,0.100,0.025,0.250 μg/ml respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the determination of residual solvents(etha-nol,n-hexane,benzene,toluene,xylene,styrene,divinylbenzene)in Liuwei dihuang glycoside.

Objective To evaluate the effect of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on intraoperative pulmonary function in the patients undergoing urological retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in the mode of protective ventilation.Methods Forty patients of both sexes,aged 30-64 yr,with body mass index of 16-29 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotorny,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and PEEP group (group P).After induction of general anesthesia,the patients were endotracheally intubated.Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (tidal volume [Vr] 6 ml/kg,respiratory rate [RR] 12 breaths/min,inspiratory/expiratory ratio [I:E] 1:2,fraction of inspired oxygen 50％) was performed from the end of intubation until the onset of pneumoperitoneum.After the onset of pneumoperitoneum,the patients were ventilated (VT 6 ml/kg,RR 22 breaths/min,I:E 1.0:1.5),and the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg in group C.After the onset of pneumoperitoneum,the patients were ventilated (VT 6 ml/kg,RR 22 breaths/min,I:E1.0:1.5,PEEP 5 cmH2O),and the end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide was maintained at 35-45 mmHg in group P.At 5 min before pneumoperitoneum (T1),at 10,30 and 60 min of pneumoperitoneum (T2-4),immediately after the end of pneumoperitoneum (T5),and at 5 min before extubation (T6),arterial blood samples were collected for blood gas analysis.Peak airway pressure and mean airway pressure were also recorded.Dynamic lung compliance,oxygenation index,respiratory index,dead space fraction and alveolararterial oxygen gradient were calculated.Results Compared with group C,mean airway pressure was significantly higher at T2-4,oxygenation index was significantly higher at T3,alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient difference was significantly lower at T3 and T6,and respiratory index was significantly lower at T6 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the peak airway pressure,dynamic lung compliance and dead space fraction at each time point in group P (P＞0.05).Conclusion PEEP (5 cmH2O) can improve the intraoperative pulmonary function in the patients undergoing urological retroperitoneal laparoscopic surgery in the mode of protective ventilation.

Background:Fenretinide,which is capable of generating reactive oxygen species( ROS ),has emerged as a promising antineoplastic agent based on numerous in vitro and in vivo studies and clinical chemoprevention trials. Preliminary studies showed that fenretinide could induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma( HCC)cells in vitro, however,the precise mechanism was not clarified. Aims:To elucidate the effect of ROS on apoptosis of human HCC cells induced by fenretinide and the underlying mechanism. Methods:Human HCC cell line Huh-7 was treated with antioxidant vitamin E,fenretinide or their combination,respectively. ROS in live cells was evaluated by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry;cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by CellTiter-Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay Kit and Caspase-Glo3/7 Assay Kit;expression and intracellular localization of nuclear receptor Nur77,as well as expression of stress-induced transcription factor GADD153 were measured by immunofluorescence staining and Western blotting,respectively. Results:Vitamin E pretreatment fully blocked the fenretinide-induced ROS production. In Huh-7 cells pretreated with vitamin E,cell apoptosis induced by fenretinide was significantly reduced(P<0. 05). Furthermore,effect of vitamin E pretreatment was noteworthy on reducing fenretinide-induced GADD153 expression, while no significant impact on fenretinide-induced Nur77 expression and translocation was observed. Conclusions:Elimination of ROS by vitamin E can abrogate the pro-apoptotic effect of fenretinide on Huh-7 cells,which indicates the participation of ROS in fenretinide-induced apoptosis of human HCC cells. Its mechanism might be associated with induction of GADD153 protein expression.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Proliferation ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Organisms, Genetically Modified ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transfection