Objective:To explore the hemodynamic effect of the modified Z Trendelenburg position in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical surgery of endometrial carcinoma, to provide a reference for the selection of the operative position of patients.Methods:A total of 80 patients who undergoing laparoscopic radical surgery of endometrial carcinoma from April 2017 to April 2019 in the Central Hospital of Xiangyang were recruited and assigned to experiment group and control group by random digits table method with 40 cases in each group. Patients in the experiment group were positioned in modified Z Trendelenburg position, while the patients in the control group were placed in conventional Trendelenburg position. The data of heart rate, mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, systemic circulation resistance, cardiac output were recorded at 10 minutes before pneumoperitoneum (T 0), pneumoperitoneum immediately (T 1) and 5 minutes (T 2), 10 minutes (T 3), 30 minutes (T 4), 60 minutes (T 5) after pneumoperitoneum and 1 minute after recover horizontal position (T 6). Followed up investigation at 24 h after surgery, the degree of pain in the shoulder and the lower limbs were also recorded by Visual Analogue Scale(VAS). Results:The differences of heart rate, mean arterial pressure, systemic circulation resistance and cardiac output between the two groups had no statistical significance at T 0 to T 6 (all P>0.05). The central venous pressure were (9.86±1.95), (10.94±1.53), (11.33±2.24), (11.14±1.54),(7.75±1.59) cmH 2O(1 cmH 2O=0.098 kPa) respectively from T 2 to T 6 in the experiment group, lower than that of control group (18.83±2.82), (16.81±2.93), (16.27±3.56), (15.76±2.33), (8.92±1.68) cmH 2O at the same time, the differences were statically significant ( t values were 3.057-15.736, all P<0.05). The VAS scores of shoulder pain and low leg pain in experiment group were (3.48±1.10), (2.35±0.66) points, lower than that of control group (4.16±1.32), (2.99±1.02) points, the differences were statically significant ( t values were 2.404, 3.228, P<0.05). Conclusions:Modified Z Trendelenburg position can maintain the circulatory system hemodynamic stability, reduce the degree of shoulder pain and low leg pain after surgery in the laparoscopic radical resection for endometrial carcinoma patients.

Antioxidants ; pharmacology ; Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Carbon Disulfide ; adverse effects ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; Humans ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of heme oxygenase 1,NAD(P)H:quinine oxidoreductase 1 and Nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 in the lung tissue of acute H2S-intoxicated rats and intervention effects of ulinastratin(UTI).Methods A total of 96 SD rats of clean grade were divided randomly(random number)into four groups:normal control group(NS group,n =8),UTI control group(UTI group,n =8),H2S-intoxicated model group(H2S group,n =40,rats were exposed to H2S(200 × 10-6)for 1 h to establish the H2S-intoxicated model)and UTI treatment group(H2S +UTI group,n =40,rats were intraperitoneal injected with the dose of UTI 105 U/kg).H2S group and H2S + UTI group were sacrificed 2,6,12,24 and 48 h after modeling.The activity and mRNA expression of HO-1 and NQO-1 in the lung tissue were measured by ELISA and RT-PCR methods,and the expression of Nrf2 mRNA and protein in the lung tissue was detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot methods.Pathological changes of lung tissue were observed by lightmicroscope and the lung injury score was used to evaluate inhalation injury.Results The pulmonary HO-1 activity and mRNA expression in rats of H2S group at 2,6,12 h(P ＜ 0.01)after intoxication were markedly increased than that in NS group:In comparison with H2S group,the pulmonary HO-1 activity and mRNA expression increased at 6,12,24,48 h(P ＜0.01).The pulmonary NQO-1 activity and mRNA expression in rats of H2S group at 2,6,12,24 h(P＜ 0.01)after intoxication were markedly increased than that in NS group; In comparison with H2S group,the pulmonary NQO-1 activity and mRNA expression increased at 6,12,24,48 h(P ＜ 0.01).The pulmonary Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression in rats of H2S group at 2,6,12 h(P ＜0.01 or P ＜0.05)after modeling were markedly increased than that in NS group and reached peak 2 hour after modeling; In comparison with H2S group,the pulmonary Nrf2 mRNA and protein expression increased at 6,12,24,48 h(P ＜0.01).At 24 h after modeling,the degree of lung damage were also decreased in H2S group compared with H2S + UTI group in the lightmicroscope.Histopathological examination showed that the degree of lung injury in H2S + UTI group was less severe than that in H2S group especially in the 12,24 and 48 h (P ＜0.01).Conclusions HO-1,NQO-1 and Nrf2 are involved in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury induced by H2S-intoxicated in rats.UTI may improve the imbalance in redox and activate HO-1,NQO-1 and Nrf2 can reduce lung injury and protect the lung injury induced by H2S in rats.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of forced-air-warming blanket covering the macroangiopathy of lower limb on hypothemia of patients with radical breast cancer.Methods:A total of 106 radical breast cancer patients from May 2018 to May 2019 in the Central Hospital of Xiangyang City, Hugei Province, were divided into experiment group and control group with 53 cases each, in accordance with the random number table. Forced-air-warming blanket rely on the lower half body, cover a wide range from biliateral iliac spines to feet in the control group, while those cover range from biliateral iliac spines to knee in the experiment group. The nasopharyngeal temperature, heart rate, mean arterial pressure was recorded after the patients into the operation room (T 0), 30 min (T 1), 60 min (T 2), 90 min (T 3), 120 min (T 4) and at when operation was over (T 5). Meanwhile, the changes of coagulation index were compared between groups before and after operation. Results:There was no significant difference in nasopharynx temperature between groups at T 0 and T 1 ( P>0.05). From T 2 to T 5, the nasopharynx temperature was (36.41±0.61), (36.37±0.76), (36.20±0.94), (36.15±1.05) ℃ in the experiment group, and (36.05±0.73), (35.84±0.76), (35.60±0.59), (35.57±0.53) ℃ in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.762-3.970, P<0.01). However, the level of heart rate, mean arterial pressure was no significant difference between groups at different operation time ( P>0.05). After operation, the thrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, platelet count was (9.43±1.51) s, (32.49±3.69) s, (13.33±2.23) s, (3.58±0.83) g/L, (199.11±20.31)×10 9/L in the experiment group, and (10.48±1.81) s, (34.36±4.14) s, (15.38±2.43) s, (3.25±0.43) g/L, (176.45±16.41)×10 9/L in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 2.445-6.319, P<0.05 or 0.01). Inaddition, blood loss in surgery, the incidence of hypothemia, shivering were (279.56±46.03) ml, 5.66%(3/53), 16.33%(8/53) in the experiment group, and (318.66±74.47) ml, 18.87%(10/53), 33.96%(18/53) in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( t value was 3.251, χ2 values were 4.296, 4.169, P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions:Forced-air-warming blanket covering the macroangiopathy of lower limb can prevent hypothemia and reduce blood loss of patients with radical breast cancer.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between clonorchiasis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and analyze the synergistic actions of HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis on HCC development.

METHODSThis hospital-based case-control study was conducted among 444 HCC patients (cases) and 500 non tumor patients (controls) to compare the prevalence of clonorchiasis in the cases and the controls. The risk of clonorchiasis and the synergistic actions between HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis on HCC development were analyzed by crossover analysis and multiple logistic regression.

RESULTSThe prevalence of clonorchiasis in the cases (16.44%) was much higher than that of the controls (2.40%) (X2 = 56.58, P less than 0.01). In the case group, the OR value of those with clonorchiasis was 8.00 (95% CI: 4.34-14.92). The OR value was 4.82 (95% CI: 2.32-10.26) for the subjects whose clonorchiasis was diagnosed less than 10 years before their diagnosis of HCC, and was 17.54 (95% CI: 5.47-57.18) for those whose HCC was diagnosed more than 10 years ago. HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis showed an additive interaction in the development of HCC, with a relative excess risk of interaction of 110.43 and 18.23; attributable proportion of interaction of 0.80 and 0.63; synergy index of 5.18 and 2.84, respectively.

CONCLUSIONClonorchiasis could be an important risk factor for HCC. When the course of clonorchiasis is prolonged, the risk of HCC could increase. HBV infection, alcohol consumption and clonorchiasis might have synergistic actions on the development of HCC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; parasitology ; Case-Control Studies ; Clonorchiasis ; Clonorchis sinensis ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; parasitology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore etiologic fraction (EF) and interaction of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and other risk factors for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in Guangxi, China.

METHODSA hospital-based case-control study including 500 PHC patients and 500 nontumorous patients was carried out in Guangxi. EF and interactions of HBV infection and other risk factors for PHC were analyzed by crossover analysis and nonconditional multiple logistic regression.

RESULTSHBV infection, family history of PHC, diabetes mellitus, eating raw fish, heavy alcohol consumption, frequently used drug, low income, mental oppression and blood type B all were risk factors for PHC. With EFs of 0.725, 0.186, 0.119, 0.486, 0.385, 0.438, 0.277, 0.607, 0.299, respectively and with etiologic fractions attributable to interaction [EF(A xB)] of 0.736, 0.643, 0.849, 0.551, 0.592, 0.618, 0.902, 0.577; and indices of interaction of 0.743, 0.651, 0.853, 0.560, 0.600, 0.626, 0.907, 0.586, respectively.

CONCLUSIONMain risk factors for PHC might include HBV infection, family history of PHC, diabetes mellitus, eating raw fish, heavy alcohol consumption, frequently used drug, low income, mental oppression and blood type B. HBV infection with other risk factors might exert synergistic action on developing PHC and increase the risk of PHC.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; etiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

Objective To investigate the effects of curcumin on myosin light chain kinase(MLCK)in the intestinal mucosa of rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD). Methods 35 SD rats were randomly di-vided into the normal control group ,the high fat group and the curcumin group. The high fat group ,curcumin group were given high fat diet for 16 weeks. After 8 weeks of high fat feeding in the curcumin group ,the rats were gavaged with 200 mg/(kg·d)curcumin for 8 weeks. The levels of ALT,AST,LPS and DAO in blood and expres-sion of MLCK in the intestinal mucosa were detected. The changes of liver pathology and tight junction(TJ)of the intestinal mucosa were observed. Results Compared with the control group,the blood levels of ALT,AST,LPS and DAO in the high fat group were obviously increased(P<0.05);Compared with the high fat group,the blood levels of ALT、AST、LPS and DAO in the curcumin group were obviously decreased (P < 0.05). In the high fat group ,hepatocellular steatosis was obvious ,while in the curcumin group hepatocellular steatosis was decreased. TJ was disrupted in the high fat group ,and the intercellular space was larger in the TJ group than the control group (P<0.05). The intercellular space was narrower in the curcumin group than the high fat group(P<0.05). The expression of MLCK in the high fat group was significant higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). The pos-itive staining in the curcumin group was significant lower than that in the high fat group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Curcumin can ameliorate hepatic steatosis by downregulating expression of MLCK in the intestinal mucosa of rats with NAFLD,improving TJ structure of the intestinal mucosa.

OBJECTIVEto develop a high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC) for the determination of paraquat in rabbit plasma and study its toxicokinetics in rabbits.

METHODStwelve rabbits were randomly divided into 2 groups with giving oral and intravenous administration of paraquat at a single dose of 60 mg/kg and 6 mg/kg respectively. The plasma paraquat concentrations were determined by HPLC and calculated by DAS pharmacokinetics program.

RESULTSthe linear range of paraquat in plasma was 0.05 ∼ 50.00 mg/L (r = 0.9998). The relative recoveries of the assay were 99.41% ∼ 102.32%. The absolute recoveries of the assay were 83.72% ∼ 90.48%. Both the intra-day and inter-day validations were less than 10%. For oral administration, the toxicokinetics parameters of paraquat were as follows: Cmax (14.46 ± 2.35) mg/L, Tmax (1.63 ± 0.31) h, AUC(0-t) (177.61 ± 14.62) mg × h/L, AUC(0-∞) (182.24 ± 14.54) mg × h/L, While for intravenous administration, the toxicokinetics parameters of paraquat: Cmax (35.13 ± 5.53) mg/L, Tmax 0.05 h, AUC(0-t) (121.74 ± 12.30) mg × h/L, AUC(0-∞) (125.12 ± 12.17) mg × h/L, The difference of these parameters between the two groups had statistical significance (P < 0.05). The oral bioavailability was (14.66 ± 1.55)%.

CONCLUSIONthe oral bioavailability of paraquat is relatively low. The biological half life of paraquat is relatively long and there is no significant difference between oral administration and intravenous on biological half life. This method is simple, sensitive and accurate. It can be used for the investigation of paraquat in rabbits.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Biological Availability ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Injections, Intravenous ; Male ; Paraquat ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; toxicity ; Rabbits

OBJECTIVETo determine whether homeostatic conditions (pH, glycine or ion concentration) affect the protective effects of edaravone on ischemic injury in rat cortical neurons.

METHODSIn cultured rat cortical neurons, the compositions in the experimental solutions were changed to mimic the disturbance of homeostasis after cerebral ischemia. In vitro ischemic injury was induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 3 h and reperfusion for 12 h, and the neuron injury was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Effect of edaravone on OGD injury was observed in different experimental solutions.

RESULTIn weak alkalified solution (pH 7.8) or the solution containing glycine (10 micromol/L), OGD injury became more serious; but in weak acidic (pH 6.5) or higher Mg(2+) (1.8 mmol/L) solutions, OGD injury was attenuated. Edaravone (1 micromol/L) reversed the injury in the solutions with pH 6.1,7.4 and 7.8 or the solution containing glycine, but did not show protective effect in the solution with pH 6.5 and the higher Mg(2+) or lower Ca(2+) solution.

CONCLUSIONThe changes of homeostatic conditions affect the severity of ischemic injury of neurons and the protective effect of edaravone.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Antipyrine ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Cerebral Cortex ; cytology ; Glycine ; pharmacology ; Homeostasis ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Magnesium ; pharmacology ; Neurons ; pathology ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control

The aim of the study is through observing the morphology of the prepared influenza virus (H1N1) with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to explore the application of AFM on the research of the external character of viruses and provide a new, simple and efficient technique for the study of the viral morphology. TEM image was obtained by negatively stained influenza virus with 1% Phosphotungstic Acid; AFM image applied the tapping mode to influenza virus without any further treatment in air at room temperature, and the morphology parameters, including length (diameter), Ra and Rq are calculated by sectional analysis. The shapes of influenza virus A are spherical, filamentous or other pleomorphous particles observed by both AFM and TEM. TEM image of influenza virus A is two-dimensional image, and viral surface has visible spikes, while AFM exhibits the three-dimensional image that can be described with several quantifiable indexes through sectional analysis. AFM phase images show viral surface clearly which is characterized by rugged feature and gear-like protuberance. As compared with TEM, AFM is a new research tool for viral morphology study with the advantages of simple sample preparing, visible interface and is intuitionistic for researchers. The surface characteristic parameters of viruses provided by AFM can be served as the main quantifiable indexes for viral morphological study.
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; ultrastructure ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission