Objective To observe the effect of erythropoietin(EPO)on apoptosis and glycogen synthase kinase-3?(GSK-3?)level in newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Thirty 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated group,hypoxic-ischemic(HI)group and EPO group.Rats in HI group and EPO group were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation,and then they were exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas in the sealed containers of 37 ℃ for up to 2.5 hours to establish HIBD models.EPO was injected intraperitoneally into the EPO group rats after operation,Solution was injected into the first 2 groups.All rats were killed at the 24 hours after operations,The apoptosis was identified and analyzed by flow cytometry.The level of GSK-3? was detected by enzyme-linked immumosorbent assay.Results The neuronal apoptosis and GSK-3? content in the cortex and hippocampus tissue in HI group were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group(Pa

Objective and Methods:The scavenging effects of the extracts, phycocyanin and polysaccharose from Spirulina platensis (S.P) or from selenium enriched S.P (Se-S.P), and sodium _ selenite on superoxide anions( O2? )and hydroxyl radicals (?OH) were investigated respectively with chemoluminescence technique. Results:The extract, Se-phycocyanin and Se-polysaccharose from Se-S.P had higher scavenging effect on both kinds of active oxygen radicals than those from S.P and the scavenging _ rates of extract on O2 ? and ?OH were enhanced about 30%and 20% at a concentration of 400?g/ml.Those effects of Se-phycocyanin were characterized dose-dependently and the concentration of 50% scavenging rate on superoxide anions was above 500 ?g/ml. With increase of the concentration of Se-phycocyanin, the scavenging rate on ?OH was elevated steadily and 50% scavenging rate was found at protein concentration above 125?g/ml. The scavenging effect of the Se-polysaccharides on oxygen free radicals was more _ noticeable and the concentration for 50% scavenging rate on ?OH and O2 ? were 60 ?g/ml and 12 ?g/ml _ respectively. However, there was no evidenced scavenging effect of sodium selenite on both ?OH and O2 ? . Conclusion : The active organic Se-containing molecules such as Se-containing proteins and Se polysaccharides, which were produced by selenium metabolism in microalgae, might contribute to the scavenging effects of Se enriched S.P. on oxygen free radicals.

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effects of Berberine Capsule (BC) on patients with mild hyperlipidemia.

METHODSTotally 102 mild hyperlipemia patients were recruited. All patients were suggested to have proper diet and physical activity as basic therapy for 1 month of run-in period. Totally 97 patients completed it. Then they were randomly assigned to the berberine group (the treatment group, 49 cases) and the placebo group (the control group, 48 cases). Patients in the treatment group took BC 300 mg, while those in the control group took placebo 300 mg, thrice per day for 3 successive months. Then placebos and BC were interrupted for 2 months (as washout period). All subjects received only diet control and physical activity during washout period. After washout period, placebos and BC were re-administered to all patients in the same way for 3 months. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), TG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were assessed after run-in period, washout period, at month 1, 2, 3 after the first therapy, at month 1, 2, 3 after second treatment, respectively.

RESULTSCompared with the end of run-in period, TG, TC, and LDL-C decreased, and HDL-C increased in the treatment group (P < 0.05) after first 3 months of treatment. Compared with 3 months after the first therapy, TG, TC, and LDL-C increased and HDL-C decreased in the treatment group after washout period (P < 0.05). Compared with the end of wash- out period, TC and LDL-C decreased in the treatment group at month 2 after second treatment (P < 0.05); TG, TC, and LDL-C decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and HDL-C increased (P < 0.05) at month 3 after second treatment. Compared with the control group at month 3 after second treatment, TG, TC, and LDL-C all decreased, and HDL-C increased in the treatment group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBC was effective in improving blood lipid level in mild hyperlipidemia patients.

Berberine ; therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Body Mass Index ; Capsules ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; drug therapy ; Lipids ; blood

Objective:To investigate the knowledge of hand-cleaning in student nurses,cultivate their awareness of washing hands,improve their submitting of washing hands and standardize their washing procedure,so as to reduce the hospital-acquired infection via hands.Methods: A self-designed questionnaire on hand-cleaning-related knowledge was used to survey 100 student nurses in their clinical practice in our hospital.Results:In the 100 questionnaires,some student nurses have poor-mastering of the signs of hand-cleaning,and have indefinite concepts of the time,position and frequency of hand-cleaning.The most frequently forgotten part of hands cleaning is finger(42%),the second is wrist(29%).Lots of student nurses(92%) mistakingly thought that washing hands with warm water was much better.Conclusion:The student nurses had relatively poor knowledge on hand-cleaning,much more attention should be paid on the education of this aspect by nursing department,in order to improve self-protection and control of hospital-acquired infection effectively.

Objective Base on the local pathology, the early diagnosis and a reasonable treatment for congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) were discussed. Methods Forty two cases of congenital esophageal stenosis during 1980～2000 were reviewed retrospectively, including age, vomitus and frequency, nutrition and development, diagnostic method used and operative pathological findings, time of normal feeding and time of nutritional restoration. Results According to local pathology, there were 26 cases of tracheobronchial remnant, 11 fibromuscular stenosis, 3 membranous diaphragm, and 2 ectopic gastric mucosa. Membranous diaphragm excision gave the best result without postoperative dilatation. The patients were followed up for 4～10 years, Normal feeding was restored in 1 month in 78 6%, 9 5% in 6 months, and 11 9% in 1 year. Conclusion Persistent vomiting of undigested food and failure in gaining weight are the chief complaints of congenital esophageal stenosis. The confirmatory diagnosis depends on barium swallowing and esophagoscopy. A good result can be achieved by follows local resection and necessary postoperative dilatation.

Objective:To investigate the awareness of diabetic retinopathy (DR) prevention and treatment knowledge of diabetic patients in the community of Shenzhen, and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:A cluster random sampling method was used to select 904 patients with diabetes diagnosed in 6 community health service centers in 2 administrative districts of Shenzhen and included in this study. Questionnaire survey of patients were performed to understand their knowledge of DR prevention and treatment. The multi-factor logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the related influencing factors of DR prevention knowledge awareness.Results:Among 904 patients, 144 patients (15.93%, 144/904) knew about DR prevention and treatment knowledge. The highest awareness rate were about "Diabetes can affect vision and even cause blindness" (88.60%, 801/904). The lowest awareness rate (6.20%, 56/904) were about "DR treatment methods". About "diabetes requires regular fundus examinations" and "diabetics", the awareness rate of fundus examination interval were less than 50.00%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender [odds ratio ( OR)=1.595], education level ( OR=2.963, 3.937), monthly income level ( OR=3.871, 4.675), diabetes course ≥15 years ( OR=1.829), treatment measures ( OR=3.318, 4.512). Whether people had DR ( OR=1.605) were important factors that affected the awareness of DR prevention and treatment knowledge ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The overall awareness of DR prevention and treatment knowledge among diabetic patients in the community of Shenzhen is relatively low. Males, low education and income levels are the main influencing factors.

Litsea cubeba is one of aromatic medicinal plant belonging to family Lauraceae. The roots, stems and fruits of L. cubeba have been widely applied as folk medicines in some districts in China for relieving rheumatism and cold, regulating Qi (meridian) to alleviate pain. Previous studies revealed that this species contains major alkaloids, in specific aporphines, and minor flavonoids, lignans as well. Related pharmacological investigations demonstrated its activities and clinical applications on cardiovascular diseases, anti-cancer, against rheumatoid arthritis, relieving asthma and anti-allergic effects, as anti-oxidants, and so on. As an effort for further exploration of this bioactive ingredients and potential drug development, this paper summarizes most phytochemical and pharmacological results. Further, future prospects are also included.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Litsea ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the clinical therapeutic effect of L-glutamine granules on intestinal damage of severe burn patients and the safty of the drug.METHODS： Thirty-nine severe burn patients were randomly divided into two groups： control group（C group， nineteen patients） and L-glutamine treatment group（GLN group， twenty patients） .GLN group patients were given L-glutamine in a dose of 30g per day for 7 days， and C group patients were given the same dosage of placebo for 7 days.The plasma L-glutamine concentration， the degree of intestinal mucosa damage， blood biochemistry and complication were observed and wound healing rate of burn area was determined， then the length of hospital stay was recorded.RESULTS： After 7 days of taking L-glutamine orally， plasma L-glutamine concentration in GLN group was significant higher than that in C group（P<）. The degree of intestine damage and intestinal mucosal permeability in GLN group were lower than those in C group. In addition, the wound healing rate was faster and the length of hospital stay was shorter in GLN group than those in C group. CONCLUSION: Administration of L-glutamine could abate the degree of intestine damage obviously, lessen intestinal mucosal permeability, ameliorate wound healing rate and reduce the length of hospital stay.

Purpose To assess the value of 2-(fluorine-18) fluroro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET/CT on the diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy.Materials and Methods FDG-PET/CT was performed in 38 patients with cervical lymphadenopathy from June 2006 to October 2008. The standard uptake value (SUV) of abdominal lymph nodes (SUVmean) and SUV of normal cervical lymph nodes (SUVneck) were measured. All malignant lymph nodes were pathologically proved.Results 35 enlarged lymph nodes detected in 30 patients demonstrated higher SUV than normal neck tissue. 7 benign lymph nodes were not visualized and 4 benign ones were visualized.The accuracy of PET/CT in indicating the malignant lymph nodes was higher than that of ultrasonography, CT and MRI (P<0.001).Conclusion PET/CT is an effective tool in differentiating malignant lymph nodes from benign ones for patitents with lymphadenopathy.

Objective To investigate the methods of reducing radiation dose in CT coronary angiography through optimizing individualized scan dosage protocol.Methods Two hundred patients (group A)underwent coronary CTA examination which was performed with fixed 120 kV and variable mA according to their BMI.The mA was set as 150-300 mA(BMI ＜ 18.5 kg/m2),300-500 mA (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ＜ 25.0 kg/m2),and 500-800 mA(BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2).When all examinations were finished,a linear regression was employed to analyze the correlation between mA and BMI,body surface(Suf),image noise(SD)respectively.The results of the analysis were used to formulate a regression equation,which was further used to establish a table list for quick search on how much mA that individualized coronary CTA scan would need.Another 200 patients(group B)enrolled for the individualized scan were scanned under new protocol that previous study established.The tube voltage was 100 and 120 kV.The tube current was variable according to the data in the table list.One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-wallis H test were used for statistics.Results Regression equation between mA and BMI,Suf,SD was:mA =17.984 × BMI + 169.149 × Suf-2.282 × SD-361.039.The SD(group A:32.08 ± 5.80,group B:28.60±4.47),dose index volume(CTDIvol)[group A:(41.97 ± 11.37)mGy,group B:(33.18±10.07)mGy],effective dose(ED)[group A:(10.91 ±3.07)mSy,group B:(8.83 ±2.72)mSv]had significant differences between the two groups(F =43.45,63.71,49.07 respectively,P ＜0.01 for all).The SD and ED results obtained in group B were better than those in group A.Conclusion Better performances were obtained when BMI combined Suf was used as a new individualized protocol than when BMI was used only,which means good image quality and lower radiation dosage in coronary CTA examination.