Objective To determine the levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(SICAM-1) in serum and induced sputum in children with mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP),and to investigate the role of SICAM-1 in pathogenesis of MPP.Methods The levels of SICAM-1 in serum and induced sputum and sputum cell count were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit in 44/34 children with MPP in acute episode period,36/28 children in remission episode period and 38/30 healthy children.Results The levels of serum SICAM-1,sputum SICAM-1 and percent of neutrophil(N),lymphocyte(L),eosinophile(EO),mast cell(Ma) were significantly higher in acute episode period in MPP than those in remission episode period and control group,respectively((all P0.05);)the indexs in remission period and in controls showed no marked difference.The le-(vels of) serum and sputum(SICAM-1) in children with asthma attack in acute and remission episode periods in MPP increased significantly compared with those in children without asthma in both periods(P

Objective To analyze obese children serum lipid level in order to understand the relationship between serum lipid and cardiovascular disease in obese children.Methods One hundred and fifty-three children(109 male and 44 female)aged 4-16 years old with obesity who attended the outpatient clinic of Beijing Children′s Hospital were collected.Percentage body fat (%BF),body fat (BF),fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and calculate.Waist and hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was estimated by soft tape measure and calculate.Skinfold thickness of scapular bone below (S) and triceps muscle (T),S/T rate was estimated by skin fold meter and calculate.Serum total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C),apolipoprotein(Apo) AI and Apo B levels were also measured.SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyzed the data.Results The cardiovascular disease related was the prevalence of high TC levels(3.3%)or high LDL-C level(6.0%) and high TG level(24.7%) was rather low.HDL-C level was reduced in 31.3% of obese children.In children over 10 years old,%BW and %BF showed a weak correlation with HDL-C(r=-0.202,-0.211).Conclusions In obese children,serum lipid as well as Apo level should be exa-mined in order to evaluate angiocardiopathy.

AIMTo prepare silybin-phospholipid complex and study its physicochemical properties. To compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability after oral administration of silybinphospholipid complex and silybin material in rats.

METHODSUsing acetone as a reaction medium, silybin and phospholipid were resolved into the medium, when the organic solvent was clear, then removed under vacuum evaporation, silybin-phospholipid complex was obtained. The new complex' s physicochemical properties including DSC, UV, IR were determined. The concentrations of non-conjugated and total silybin after oral administration of silybin-phospholipid complex and silybin material at different time in rats were determined by RP-HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed by software program 3P97.

RESULTSExperiment results showed that silybin and phospholipid in the silybin-phospholipid complex were combined by non-covalent-bond, not forming a new compound and the solubility of silybin-phospholipid complex in water and n-octanol was effectively enhanced. It was found that mean plasma concentration-time curve of silybin after oral administration of silybin-phospholipid complex in rats was in accordance with one-compartment model with first-order absorption. Pharmacokinetic parameters of non-conjugated and total silybin in rats were respectively T(max) 10 min and 2 h; C(max) 0.11 and 1.08 microg x mL(-1); T1/2 2.18 and 3.84 h; AUC(0-infinity) 1.71 and 12.94 microg x mL(-1) x h. However, after oral administration of silybin material, plasma levels of both non-conjugated and total silybin were within the analytical detection limit.

CONCLUSIONIt was concluded that after oral administration of silybin-phospholipid complex in rats the bioavailability of silybin increased greatly. This was mainly due to an obvious improvement of the lipophilic property of silybin-phospholipid complex compared with silybin material and an increase in gastrointestinal absorption.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Drug Compounding ; Male ; Phospholipids ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Solubility

AIMTo study the preparation of silymarin proliposomes. To study its physicochemic properties, its pharmacokinetical characteristics and bioavailability in rats after oral administration.

METHODSSilymarin proliposomes were prepared by film-deposition on carriers. When the proliposomes were contacted with water to form liposome suspensions, the tests of physicochemical properties including encapsulation efficiency, particle size and stability of the formed liposome suspensions were determined by HPLC, laser-particle-sizer and etc. The concentrations of non-conjugated and overall silymarin in plasma of rats and their pharmacokinetic behaviors after oral administration were studied by RP-HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed by software program 3P97.

RESULTSThe encapsulation efficiency of silymarin liposomes could be more than 90%, with an average particle size of about 238.8 nm and a very good stability. The high bioavailability of silymarin proliposomes could be gotten by oral administration.

CONCLUSIONCompared with silymarin, silymarin proliposome is a stable and easily industrialized preparation and did enchance the gastrointestinal absorption of silymarin.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Stability ; Liposomes ; Male ; Milk Thistle ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Silymarin ; administration & dosage ; blood ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

The morphological index of the seedlings including the plants height, the ground diameter, the leaf amounts, the fresh weight of the whole plant and the ratio of height to diameter was measured and the principal components were analyzed so as to determine the grading index, and stepwise cluster analysis was applied for clustering analysis. Pot experiments were used to measure the indicators of plant growth and development, the yield and the quality. The results showed that the height and ground diameter were determined as the quality indicators of the seedlings grading and the standard quality grading of seedlings of Anoectochilus roxburghii was initially set up, different seeding plants influenced the plants growth and the yield. The ground diameter of the class I was larger than that of the class II and III, so as the yield. The seedling grading had no obvious effect on the internal quality of medicinal materials. The results of the study provide the basis for standard cultivation of A. roxburghii.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Orchidaceae ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development ; Quality Control ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo investigate the status of pubertal development in children born with assisted reproductive technology (ART).

METHODSA retrospective analysis was performed on the pubertal development data of children born with ART in Peking University Third Hospital from 1994 to 2003 (ART group). The data in the cross-sectional study "Reports on the Physical Fitness and Health Research of Chinese School Students in 2010" were used as a control. The age at menarche and the age at spermarche were compared between the two groups. The status of pubertal development in the overweight and obese children in the ART group was evaluated to investigate the correlation between pubertal development and body mass index (BMI).

RESULTSA total of 200 children born with ART were enrolled in this study, and 72 of them (41 males and 31 females) completed the survey (response rate=36.0%). In the ART group, the mean age at spermarche and the mean age at menarche were 13.9 years (95%CI: 13.7-14.3 years) and 12.2 years (95%CI: 11.8-12.6 years), respectively. There were no significant differences in the age at spermarche and the age at menarche between the ART and control groups (P>0.05). In the ART group, there were no significant differences in the age at spermarche and the age at menarche between the overweight and obese children and the normal weight children (P>0.05). There were also no significant differences in overweight rate and obesity rate between the children in the ART group and the adolescents in Beijing (P>0.05). In the ART group, there was no significant correlation between the age at spermarche or menarche and BMI (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSNo delayed or precocious puberty is observed in children born with ART. This is consistent with the normal control data. And there is no significant correlation between pubertal development and BMI in children born with ART.

Adolescent ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Child Development ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Menarche ; Obesity ; physiopathology ; Overweight ; physiopathology ; Puberty ; physiology ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: This study was performed to investigate the effects of environmental factors, genetic polymor phisms of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2), and their interactions on mutations of p53 and Ki-ras genes in Korean stomach cancer. METHODS: One hundred nine stomach cancer patients and 211 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Direct interview with a structured questionnaire was performed to get informations on the level of exposure to environmental factors. For genotyping of the metabolic enzymes, PCR-RFLP methods were used. RT-PCR and direct sequencing were carried out to detect mutations in the p53 and the Ki-ras genes of stomach cancer tissue. To evaluate the risk of stomach cancer, we calculated odds ratios for environmental and genetic factors, and their combinations. RESULTS: Past medical histories of gastritis, diabetes and asthma allergic rhinitis were significant risk factors for stomach cancer. Fried potatoes, squid and octopus, welsh onions and chestnuts and gingkonuts had protective effects against stomach cancer. On the contrary, chicken, soybean paste stew, and soybean milk were significantly related to an increased stomach cancer risk. The NAT2 rapid acetylator turned out to be a marginally significant risk factor for gastric cancer. Mutations of the p53 and the Ki-ras genes were detected in 27.5% and 10.7% of stomach cancer tissues, respectively. Frizzled rice, potato, beef, lard, pickled fish, chicken stew, anchovies, tempura, Welsh onions, eggs, bean-curd, Qing-style soybean paste stew, and ice cream were protective against p53 mutation whereas yogurt was a risk factor for p53 mutation in stomach cancer tissue. Ki-ras mutation was associated with less intake of pears and persimmons, melons, strawberries, grapes and milk and with more intake ofsoybean paste stew. In a multiple logistic analysis including genetic polymorphism, past medical history and diet intake, past history of gastritis, chicken, soybean paste stew, and soybean milk were significant risk factors for stomach cancer whereas past history of diabetes, squid and octopus, and Welsh onions were protective factors against stomach cancer. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that past medical history and diet are more important risk factors for stomach cancer than genetic polymorphism and that mutations of the p53 and the Ki-ras genes would be induced by the respective risk factors.
Asthma ; Carcinogenesis* ; Carcinogens, Environmental* ; Chickens ; Cucurbitaceae ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1* ; Decapodiformes ; Diet ; Diospyros ; Eggs ; Fragaria ; Gastritis ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; Ice Cream ; Milk ; Octopodiformes ; Odds Ratio ; Onions ; Ovum ; Polymorphism, Genetic* ; Pyrus ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Rhinitis ; Risk Factors ; Solanum tuberosum ; Soybeans ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Vitis ; Yogurt

OBJECTIVETo verify the clinical efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion in treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

METHODSSixty cases of KOA were randomly divided into a heat-sensitive moxibustion group and a conventional moxibustion group, 30 cases in each one. Dubi (ST 35), Yanglingquan (GB 34), Zusanli (ST 36) and Heding (EX-LE 2) on the affected side were selected in two groups. In heat-sensitive moxibustion group, the techniques of circling moxibustion, sparrow-pecking moxibustion, moving moxibustion and mild moxibustion were applied. In conventional moxibustion group, the mild moxibustion was used, 2 to 3 cm far from the skin of the acupoints selected. Lysholm scale for the assessment of knee joint function was adopted to evaluate the efficacy. The scores of joint pain, morning stiffness, joint swelling and walking ability were compared before and after treatment in two groups.

RESULTSThe scores of joint pain, morning stiffness, joint swelling and walking ability after treatment were all apparently improved as compared with those before treatment in either group (all P < 0.05). The improvement in the above-mentioned indices in heat-sensitive moxibustion group was much more apparent as compared with that in conventional moxibustion group (all P < 0.01). The effective rate was 90.0% (27/30) in heat-sensitive moxibustion group and was 73.3% (22/30) in conventional moxibustion group. The effective rate in heat-sensitive moxibustion group was obviously superior to that in conventional moxibustion group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe efficacy of heat-sensitive moxibustion is superior to that of conventional moxibustion in the treatment of KOA. This therapy can more significantly improve the symptoms and physical signs of the patients with KOA.

Acupuncture Points ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Moxibustion ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective: To differentiate the inflow and outflow channels of gastric varices in cirrhotic portal hypertension patients using multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT), and to assess the relationship between calculable CT volume of gastric varices and the amount of tissue adhesive. Methods: 97 cases with cirrhotic gastric varices who were admitted from November 2013 to August 2017 were selected. The type and shape of gastric varices were observed before tissue glue injection treatment by MSCT. The correlation between CT volume of gastric varices and the amount of tissue adhesive was evaluated by Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Univariate linear regression analysis. Results: MSCT showed that Le, g type had the highest proportion (54.6%), followed by Le, g, Lg (20.6%). Le, Lg and Lgf type accounted for 17.5%, and 5.2%, respectively, while Lgf+b accounted for 2.1%. On MSCT, varices of the gastric fundus were in the direction from bottom to top, and 75% of the fundus had a large curved side varices combined with gastric and renal shunt. Under the gastroscopy, varices in the small curved side of the gastric fundus from near to far were formless. In addition, varices in the large curved side of the gastric fundus when observed from different angles to the direction of blood flow (reverse gastroscope) were 72.7% (near and far) or 20.5 % (far and near). There was a positive correlation between CT volume (R = 0.97, P < 0.001) and the amount of tissue adhesive (Y₁ = 0.35 + 0.65X1, Univariate linear regression equation; ρ = 0.89, P < 0.001, Spearman correlation analysis). Conclusion MSCT can recognize the vascular shape and inflow and outflow channels of gastric varices. A positive correlation between CT volume and the amount of tissue adhesive, suggested that the CT volume measurement before treatment could be used as one of the method to predict the amount of tissue adhesive.

Systemic thalidomide has good effect on refractory chronic discoid lupus erythematosus (CDLE) whereas topical regimen of it has not been reported previously. In this paper, a case of refractory CDLE cured with topical thalidomide in clinic was reported and the feasibility of topical therapy was reviewed.
Female ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid ; Thalidomide