Aged ; Coronary Disease ; Coronary Sinus ; pathology ; Female ; Heart Atria ; pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged

ObjectiveTo compare the effect and safety of ropivacaine mesylate with ropivacaine hydrochloride in epidural anesthesia of patients make hypogastric region and lower extremity operation.Methods126 patients with epidural anesthesia were divided into two groups,each group 63 cases.The observation group was administered with ropivacaine masylate,and the control group was administered with ropivacaine hydrochloride.The sense of pain block plane and effective-acting period and effect time,sports block rating and effect-acting period and duration,vital signs,adverse events and serious adverse events were observed.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the two groups on sense of pain block plane and effective-acting period and effect time,sports block rating and effect-acting period and duration,Bp,HR,SpO2,chang of ECG,bleeding in operation( t =13.23,10.52,10.64,12.21,13.23,10.52,10.64,12.21,6.11,5.34,5.23,6.05,all P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe results of ropivacaine mesylate used for anesthesia epidural was satisfied and had no obvious side effects as well as ropivacaine hydrochloride.

Vascular endothelium plays an important role in regulating vascular homeostasis. Over the past years, it has become clear that endothelial dysfunction is a key event of pathophysiological changes in the initiation and progression of injuries induced by extreme environmental factors. The present review summarizes current understanding of vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by hypoxia, cold and heat, and provides the information for prevention and treatment of environmental exposure injuries.
Endothelium, Vascular ; physiopathology ; Environment ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; physiopathology ; Temperature ; Vascular System Injuries

MonoMAC syndrome is a newly discovered immune deficiency syndrome caused by GATA-2 mutation, which is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. MonoMAC syndrome has typical immune cell abnormalities, with severe infection and is prone to develop into a hematological disease. Therapeutics for this disease mainly relies on symptomatic treatment and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this paper, the research advances in clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of MonoMAC syndrome are reviewed.
GATA2 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; Humans ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes ; genetics ; Monocytes ; pathology ; Mutation ; Mycobacterium Infections ; etiology ; Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the expression of EIIIA+ fibronectin in incised wound of rat's skin and injury time. METHODS: The wounding model was established by cutting the dorsal skin of 48 adult SD rats. The rats were sacrificed at the pre-set injury time as immediately, 0.5 h, 1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 4 h, 6 h, and 8 h. The skin samples were taken at the margin of wound. The expression of the EIIIA? fibronectin was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting and the relationship be- tween its expression and injury time was observed. Results The expression of EIIIA+ fibronectin was not observed immediately. The basal cell of skin began to show positive expression 0.5 h after injury. With the extension of injury time, positive staining became stronger. The value of relative optical density was gradually increased with prolonged injury time by the Western blotting analysis. CONCLUSION The expression of EIIIA+ fibronectin could be used for estimation of injury time in the early stage of skin injury.
Animals ; Fibronectins/metabolism* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Proteins/metabolism* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin/metabolism* ; Staining and Labeling ; Time Factors

AIMTo determine the effect of long-term inactivation of tyrosine kinases on voltage-gated calcium currents in pancreatic beta-cells and to evaluate the function of tyrosine kinases in pancreatic beta-cells.

METHODSPrimarily cultured mouse pancreatic islets and beta-cells were pretreated by 0.1 mmol/L genistein for 12 hours. Voltage-gated calcium currents and action potentials were recorded with patch clamp techniques in the configuration of perforated whole-cell recording. RT-PCR method was used to evaluate the changes in expression of voltage-gated calcium channels alpha1 subunit.

RESULTSAfter treatment by genistein for 12 hours, the whole-cell voltage-gated calcium currents were significantly diminished (-13.83 +/- 1.515 pA/pF vs. -7.012 +/- 1.502 pA/pF, P < 0.01, n=6). The amplitudes of action potentials in genistein-treated beta-cells were also significantly attenuated (38.50 +/- 7.46 mV vs. 15.95 +/- 4.39 mV, P < 0.01, n=6). The expression of voltage-gated calcium channels alpha1 subunit in mouse islets was significantly decreased to 0.792 +/- 0.078 of that in control conditions (P < 0.01, n=5).

CONCLUSIONGenistein treatment decreases expression and current of voltage-gated calcium currents in mouse pancreatic beta-cells, which suggests that inhibition of tyrosine kinases activity plays an important role in the dysfunction of pancreatic beta-cells.

Action Potentials ; drug effects ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Insulin-Secreting Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gastric Mucosa ; pathology ; Gastritis ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Metaplasia ; Retrospective Studies

AIMTo study the effects of acute and chronic intermittent hypoxic exposure on the activities of Na+ , K+ -ATPase, Ca2 + , Mg2 + -ATPase of myocardial mitochondria and enzyme complexes of respiratory chain in rats.

METHODSThe activities of Na , K+ -ATPase, Ca2+ , Mg2+ -ATPase of myocardial mitochondria and enzyme complexes of respiratory chain were investigated after chronic intermittent hypoxic exposure (3000 m and 5000 m, 4 h/d, 2 w respectively) and normoxic rats were exposed to hypoxia (8000 m) for 4h.

RESULTS(1) Hypoxia had no effects on the activity of Na+, K+ -ATPase in myocardial mitochondria of rats. (2) Compared with normoxic control rats, the activity of Ca2+, Mg2+ -ATPase in myocardial mitochondria of acute hypoxic rats was reduced significantly. After chronic intermittent hypoxic exposure, its activity was increased significantly compared with that of acute hypoxic rats. (3) Compared with normoxic control rats, the activities of enzyme complex I, II and IV of respiratory chain in acute hypoxic rats were reduced significantly. After chronic intermittent hypoxic exposure, their activities were increased significantly compared with those of acute hypoxic rats. Under the same experimental conditions, hypoxia had no effects on the activity of enzyme complex III.

CONCLUSIONAfter chronic intermittent hypoxic exposure, the activities of Na+, K+ -ATPase, Ca2+, Mg2+ -ATPase of myocardial mitochondria and enzyme complexes of respiratory chain were increased significantly. These suggested that chronic intermittent hypoxic exposure could improve the functions of respiratory chain in myocardial mitochondria and keep the normal energy metabolism.

Animals ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Electron Transport ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Male ; Mitochondria, Heart ; enzymology ; Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases ; metabolism ; Multienzyme Complexes ; metabolism ; Potassium ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the anti-HIV-1 activity of two new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), JB25 and JB26, in combination with 3 approved drugs (AZT, EFV, SQV)in vitro.Methods:The serially diluted 10 concentrations of JB25 and JB26 were combined with 7 serially diluted AZT, EFV and SQV respectively.The combination was added to 384 cell culture plates and then cocultured with HIV-1 ⅢB infected MT-2 cells for 3 days. Finally, the HIV-1 production was determined by measuring the expression of reporter genes of TZM bl cells. The data were analyzed by MacSynergy Ⅱ software.Results:The average capacity of synergism/antagonism of JB25 with AZT, EFV and SQV was 244.45/-5.05(nmol/L)~2%, 119.58/-65.93 (nmol/L)~2% and 145.83/-0.32 (nmol/L)~2% respectively;the average capacity of synergism/antagonism of JB26 with AZT, EFV and SQV was 398.90/0(nmol/L)~2%, 103.62/-0.49(nmol/L)~2% and 138.473/-0.27 (nmol/L)~2% respectively. Conclusion:Two new NNRTIs JB25 and JB26 develop synergism when combined with 3 approved drugs, respectively. MacSynergy Ⅱ software could evaluate the anti-HIV-1 activity of drug combination.

Dysfunction of the pancreatic beta-cell is an important defect in the pathophysiological changes of type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes is evidently associated with obesity. But the role of the adipocyte in the dysfunction of the pancreatic beta-cell remains unknown. In the present study, we examined the direct effects of 3T3-L1 adipocytes on the expression of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K(ATP) channels) in MIN6 insulin-secreting cells. MIN6 cells were divided into two groups as control group, where MIN6 cells were cultured in normal culture medium, and coculture group, where MIN6 cells were cocultured with differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes for 1 week. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was employed to measure the expression of K(ATP) channel subunit Kir6.2 in MIN6 cells. Fura-2 was used to reflect changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in MIN6 cells. The secretary function of MIN6 cells from both groups was estimated by radioimmunoassay method. The results showed that the Kir6.2 cDNA levels corrected by GAPDH cDNA levels after densitometric analysis were 0.989+/-0.035 in control group and 0.726+/-0.087 in coculture group. The expression of Kir6.2 was significantly decreased in MIN6 cells in the coculture group as compared with that in control. MIN6 cells cocultured with 3T3-L1 adipocytes lost the ability to increase [Ca(2+)](i) when stimulated by tolbutamide (0.1 mmol/L), a highly selective KATP channel closer. In contrast, MIN6 cells in control group had typical responses to tolbutamide with a significant increase in [Ca(2+)](i). The magnitudes to basal levels of [Ca(2+)](i) after tolbutamide stimulation were 1.520+/-0.203 in control and 1.114+/-0.097 in coculture group (P<0.05, n=6). MIN6 cells in control showed a significant increase in insulin secretion from 0.38+/-0.099 mU/min to 2.87+/-0.248 mU/min after being stimulated by tolbutamide, whereas MIN6 cells in coculture group did not increase insulin secretion when stimulated by tolbutamide (0.21+/-0.055 mU/min to 0.22+/-0.082 mU/min). It is demonstrated that 3T3-L1 adipocytes decrease the expression of K(ATP) channels in MIN6 cells through secreting certain factors, which impair the secretary function of MIN6 cells. The present results indicate that adipocytes are directly involved in pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, which may facilitate the development of type 2 diabetes.
3T3 Cells ; Adipocytes ; cytology ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Gene Expression ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Insulin ; biosynthesis ; Insulin Resistance ; Islets of Langerhans ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mice ; Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; physiology ; Tolbutamide ; pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; drug effects