Objective To investigate different scoring systems in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis(AP).Methods The clinical data of 1 56 patients with AP were retrospectively reviewed.Ser-um c-reactive protein(CRP)levels were measuredat admission.According to the Chinese guidelines for the management of acute pancreatitis(2007),all the patients were categorizedas either mild acute pancre-atitis(MAP)or severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Ranson,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE)-Ⅱ,bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(BISAP),and computed tomography se-verity index(CTSI)scoring systemswere calculated according to the corresponding grading standardsin all patients.Patients were divided into MAP group(APACHEⅡ <8,Ranson <3,BISAP <2,CTSI <3 and CRP <21 .4)and SAP group (APACHEⅡ≥8,Ranson≥3,BISAP≥2,CTSI≥3 and CRP≥21 .4)ac-cording to the scoring results.ROC curve was used to compare the difference among the systems.Results Among the 1 56 patients,21 (1 3.5%)were classified as SAP and 1 35 as (86.5%)MAP.AUCs for Ranson,BISAP,APACHEⅡ,CTSI,and CRP in predicting SAP were 0.69 (95%CI:0.62-0.76),0.74 (95%CI:0.66-0.80),0.78 (95%CI:0.70-0.84),0.69 (95%CI:0.61 -0.76),and 0.68 (95%CI:0.57-0.78),respectively.There were no significant differences among these scoring systems.Conclusion There were no significant differencesin predicting the severity of AP among these scoring systems. Therefore,the early prediction of SAP should consider multiple scoring systems,and the referential signifi-cance of accessing and applying a simpler laboratory indicator deserves further studies.

Yin-Yang1 (YY1),as a ubiquitous nuclear transcription factor with double transcriptional activity in eukaryotic cells,regulates many genes transcription and plays an important role in the cellule biological processes.Overexpression of YY1 is found in several tumor types recently,and may play a role in tumor development and progression by regulating oncogenes,tumor suppressor genes,angiogenesis related factors,as well as apoptosis.YY1 may become a new kind of tumor markers,is conducive to estimate the prognosis of patients with tumor and gain important breakthrough in cancer targeted therapy.

To analyze the actuality in the education of forensic postgraduates and discuss the cultivating goal,the ability cultivation of innovation and practice.There are scientific research degree and professional degree in the forensic medicine.

[Objective] To investigate the roles of Nrf2-Keap1 system in the protection of skin from ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced damage.[Methods] The dorsal surface of ears of 8 wild-type and 8 nrf2-null mutant 8-week-old female mice was exposed to a single dose of UVB irradiation (200 mJ/cm2) by using a FL120SE UV lamp source.Then,the morphology of ears was observed with the measurement of thickness before,as well as on day 1,2,4,7,9,11 and 14 after,the irradiation.Biopsy specimens were taken from the ears 36hours after the irradiation and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining as well as terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay.The test Results were recorded and statistically analyzed by rank sum test and t test.[Results] A significant increase was observed in the thickness of mouse ears and number of sunburn cells per high-power field (400 ×) in nrf2-null mutant mice compared with wild-type mice ((0.49 ± 0.22) cm vs.(0.25 ± 0.03) cm,P＜ 0.01; 17.0 ± 3.9 vs.5.0 ± 1.7,t=13.8,P＜ 0.01).The number of TUNEL positive cells in the nrf2-null mutant mice was about 5 times that in the wild mice.The sunburn reaction appeared more intense and persistent in nrf2-null mutant mice than in the wild mice.[Conclusion] Nrf2-Keap1 pathway may protect skin against acute UVB damage,including cell apoptosis and oxidative damage.

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily. It is highly related to the formation of metabolic syndrome and the glucose homeostasis, and therefore represents an important drug target against metabolic diseases and diabetes. In recent years, great progress has been made in the agonists, antagonists, and crystal structures of FXR. The diverse FXR ligands and their structure-activity relationship are reviewed in this article. The advances in the crystal structures of FXR in complex with different ligands are also introduced.

Purpose:The value of color doppler ultrasonography( CDUS) in monitoring hemodynamic changes was investigated in patients with hyperdynamic circulatory state before and during 730 days after orthotopic liver transplantation.Materials and Methods:83 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) were examined by CDUS to assess the hemodynamic changes of portal vein,hepatic artery,splenic artery and longitudinal diameter of the spleen ( LDS).Results:(1) Portal flow velocity ( PFV) was significantly lower in pre-OLT but higher than controls (P < 0.05 ) during 730 days after OLT.Resistance index of the hepatic artery ( HARI) in pre-OLT and within 7 days- after OLT was significantly higher (P<0.05).(2) Resistance index of splenic artery ( SARI) was also significantly higher in pre-OLT (P < 0.05 ).LDS was significantly higher after OLT than in both pre-OLT phase and controls(P<0.05).Conclusions: In early stage after OLT,HARI changed from high to low value and so did PFV,which kept the stability of hepatic blood flow.In late stage,high PFV and large spleen improved,but could not back to normal.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of perioperative fast-track surgery(FTS)program and nutrition support in the elderly patients with gastric cancer.Methods Totally 42 patients were equally randomized into FTS group(receiving perioperative FTS program)and control group(receiving a conventional therapy).The postoperative first defecation time,postoperative hospital stay,hospitahzation expenditure,and postoperative complications were compared between these two groups.Results The postoperative first defecation time and postoperative hospital stay were(75.4±24.3)hours and(11.2±3.2)days in FIS group and(98.0±22.6)hours and(14.4±4.6)days in control group(P=0.0165,P=0.0004;respectively).The hospitalization expenditure was significantly lower in FTS group than in control group[(3.66±0.48)×104 vs.(4.56±0.78)×104 RMB yuan;P=0.0001].The incidence of postoperative complications in FTS group was also significantly lower than that in control group(9.5% vs.28.6%,P=0.0422).Conclusion Perioperative FTS program can accelerate postoperative rehabilitation,shorten hospital stay,lower hospitalization expenditure,and reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.

Conus textile is a kind of highly toxic and abundantly existing conus in the South China Sea. The toxin from C.textile could act on sodium channels(δ-conotoxins)and calcium channels (ω-，ε-conotoxins), respectively. Their specific chemical structure and biological activity have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. This article briefly reviews their biochemical characteristics, isolation, gene cloning, biological and neuropharmacological activities, as well as their potential applications.

The genetic analysis of herpesviruses has been a constant challenge, due to the large, complex genomes of herpesviruses and mutagenesis of viral genes by conventional recombination methods in cell culture. Recently, a completely new approach for full-length infectious clones of herpesviruses based on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) has been developed. This technique allows the maintenance, propagation and genetic modification of the viral genome as a BAC plasmid in E.coli, thus making the procedures fast, safe and effective in prokaryotic cells. This technique also makes it possible for the reconstitution of viral progeny or mutants by transfection of the BAC plasmid into eukaryotic cells, thereby facilitating the analysis of viral gene functions in the context of genome. In this presentation, Epstein-Barr virus was used as an example to describe the principle, establishment of the technique and mutation introduction into the BAC plasmid, and to discuss the perspective in the use of BAC-cloned herpesviruses.

Objective To summarize the treatment experiences in gastrointestinal leaJcage atter gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Mehods From January 1997 to December 2006 the clinical data of 37 cases of gastrointestinal leakage including anastomotic leakage in 19 cases and duodenal stump leakage in 18 after gastrectomy for gastric cancer in People's Liberation Army General Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Results All of the Cases were treated with abdominal drainage,continuous gastrointinal decomnression and parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition.There were 32 cases receiving glutamine enrichment nutrition support,31 ases used somatostatin,13 cases received supplemented recombinarlt human growth hormone.Fistula healed in 21～30 d in 9 cases after gastrectomy,in the other 24 cases fistula healed in 30-60 d,while it healed in 60～81 d in the remaining 2 cases.Two died of leakage associated complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer including anastomotlc leakage follwing esophagojejunostomy complicated by severe thoracic and lung infection in one and duodenal stump leakage complicated by severe abdominal cavity sepsis and hemorrhage in the other. Conclusion Patent and effective abdominal cavity drainage,continuous gastrointestinal decompression,parenteral nutrition combined with enteral nutrition,glutarnine,somatostafin and recombinant human growth hormone are the'mportant factors for the healing of gastrointestinal leakage after gastrectomy tor gastric cancer.