Objective To investigate the possible roles of serum bilirubin and uric acid in the course of carotid artery intima thicken/plaque formation. Methods Patients with ischemic cerebral vascular disease were divided into the control group, intima thicken group and plaque formation group according to the carotid artery intimamedia thickness (IMT) examination by B-mode ultrasound. The serum bilirubin and uric acid were detected by Automatic Chemistry Analyzer. Results The serum level of uric acid of (391.22 ± 27.52) μmol/L in intima thicken group was significantly higher than that in the control group and plaque formation group((307.32 ± 13.68)μmol/L and (327.84 ± 17.96)μmol/L, P ＜ 0.05). The serum level of indirect bilirubin and total bilirubin in plaque formation group was (10.96 ± 0.58) μmol/L and (15.91 ± 0.71) μmol/L respecitively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group ((15.09 ± 2.21) μmol/L and (20.59 ± 2.43) μmol/L,respectively) and the intima thicken group((15.09 ± 2.21) μmol/L and (20.59 ± 2.43) μmol/L, respectively) (Psignificantly lower than that of (5.70 ± 0.28) μmol/L in the control group(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Bilirubin and uric acid play different roles in carotid artery plaque formation during different stage.

Age Determination by Skeleton ; Body Height ; drug effects ; Child ; Child Development ; drug effects ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Growth Hormone ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Menarche ; Puberty, Precocious ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome

[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To investigate whether L-carnitine ( LC) inhibits the eryptosis effect of uremic serum on erythrocytes.METHODS:Erythrocyte suspension (2%) was cultured and divided into 3 groups in vitro: control group ( C group) , uremic serum group ( U group, 30%uremic serum) , and uremic serum+LC group ( L group, 30%uremic serum+200 μmol/L LC) .Erythrocytes were collected at 24 h and 48 h.Eryptosis ( phosphatidylserine expression repre-sents eryptosis) was estimated by flow cytometry with Annexin V staining.The content of reactive oxygen species ( ROS) was also detected.Glutathione ( GSH) was measured by ELISA.RESULTS:Eryptosis in C group was increased as the in-cubating time extended.Eryptosis in U group was higher than that in C group, while that in L group was lower than that in U group.Meanwhile, ROS content was higher and GSH was lower in U group than those in C group.ROS content was low-er and GSH was higher in L group than those in C group.CONCLUSION:LC inhibits uremic serum-induced eryptosis by decreasing ROS and increasing GSH, thus attenuating oxidative stress.

Objective:The study focuses on the distinct distributions of γδT cells in various tissues and the changes after Sal-monella typhimurium infection,and attempts to explore the physiological significance of γδT cell distribution and the role of γδT cells in infectious diseases .Methods:Flow cytometry and PCR technique were used to detect the proportion of different γδ T cell subsets among thymus,spleen,lymph nodes,liver,skin,and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes .Flow cytometry was applied to detect the secretion of IFN-γand IL-17a.The changes of various γδT cell subsets in liver and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes were analyze after Slamonella typhimurium infection.Res ults: γδ T cells were rich in the intestinal epithelium , skin and liver, but poor in the thymus,spleen and lymph nodes .The distribution of different subsets was quite dissimilar .Vγ5+γδT cells chiefly existed in skin ,and Vγ1+,Vγ4+,Vγ7+γδ T cells largely existed in small intestine.γδ T cells in liver mainly secreted IL-17a;however,γδ T cells in intestinal intraepithelial secreted IFN-γ.After infection by Salmonella typhimurium , the proportion of γδ T cells in intestinal intraepithelial increased significantly ,particularly Vγ1 +γδT cells.In Liver,there was no significant change of total γδT cell ratio,but the ratio of Vγ1 +γδT cells reduced ,Vγ4 +γδT cells raised.Conclusi on:γδT cells are rich in the intestinal epithelium ,skin and liv-er.The distribution of different subgroups has specificity .There are large differences in the ability of cytokine secretion among various subgroups of γδT cells.The distribution of γδT cell subgroups in small intestine and liver changes during Salmonella typhimurium in-fection.

AIM To study the boosting effect of Maximin 2 on expression of HLA DR and HLA ABC by cultured bladder cancer cell lines and compare with TNF ??IFN ?. METHODS Cell culture and FCM were used to dectect the effects of Maximin 2,TNF and IFN on the cell growth of three types of bladder cancer cell lines and HLA DR and HLA ABC expression under the IC 50 culture concentration. RESULTS Maximin 2 had show inhibition to cells growth under the small dosage. TNF ??IFN ? also had the effect on restrain all 3 cell lines growth. The expression of HLA DR was not any change in all 3 cell lines after being stimulated by Maximin 2?TNF ? and IFN ?, Maximin 2 and TNF ? can not change HLA ABC expression, IFN ? can up regulate HLA ABC expression. CONCLUSION Maximin 2 show the dose dependent effect on cell growth suppression; The mechanism of antitumor of Maximin 2 seems not relate to the enhanced expression of HLA DR or HLA ABC, TNF ? and IFN ? also not found effect to HLA DR expression. Since IFN ? are able to increase the expression of HLA ABC expression,enhanced recognization and cytotoxity of CTL to bladder cancer cells. It is may be one of the mechanism of antitumor of IFN ?.

Objective To observe the inhibitory effects of sub-MIC matrine alone and in combination with erythromycin on Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms and their influences on morphological changes of the biofilms.Methods Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of matrine and erythromycin against Staphylococcus epidermidis were determined by the serial dilution method,antibacterial activity of matrine combined with erythromycin against planktonic S.epidermidis was evaluated by the checkerboard method.S.epidermidis biofilms were constructed in vitro,XTT reduction assay was used to evaluate influences of sub-MIC matrine alone and in combination with erythromycin on metabolism and adhesion of S.epidermidis biofilms,and scanning electronic microscope(SEM) was applied to observe the morphological and the structural changes of the biofilms.Results The MIC of erythromycin to S.epidermidis was 7.8125 μg/ml,while the MIC of matrine was greater than 1000 μg/ml,besides,a synergistic effect between erythronmycin and matrine on planktonic S.epidermidis was shown (FIC＜0.5).The sub-MIC matrine had no significant inhibitory effect on adhesion of S.epidermidis,and also the combination of the two agents was better than was used alone.However,the sub-MIC matrine had inhibitory effects on metabolism and morphology of S.epidermidis biofilms,and the combination of the two agents was weaker than was used alone.Conclusion Both the sub-MIC matrine and erythromycin had a significant inhibitory effect on S.epidermidis biofilm formation.Combination of the two agents showed synergistic effects on plankton and adhesion of S.epidermidis,but showed no synergistic effect on metabolism and morphology of the biofilms.

To investigate the clinical characteristics and angio-architecture features of patients with dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF).The clinical data of 48 patients with DAVF were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were diagnosed by digital subtract angiography and 43 cases were also examined by MRI.Patients were divided into the bleeding group and non-bleeding group,whose clinical features and angio-architecture were compared.Of 48 cases,13 patients demonstrated intracranial bleeding,and men were more common in bleeding group (M/F:10/3) than in non-bleeding group (M/F:15/20) (P =0.036).The Cognard scores of bleeding group and nou-bleeding group were 3.77 ±0.28 and 2.49 ±0.21,respectively (P =0.002) ; however,there was no significant difference in age and the number of feeding artery between two groups.The results indicate that male patients with high Cognard scores tend to intracranial bleeding.

Objective To establish a human ovarian carcinoma cell line with directional highly lymphatic metastasis and to study their biological characteristics.Methods The clone cells of ovarian carcinoma,SKOV3,were inoculated into the hind foot pad of nude mice.The cancer cells of lymph node metastatic foci were transplanted into nude mice again when the metastatic nude of mice were observed.After repetition of this procedure for 3 cycles,the metastatic rate and the metastatic paths were observed in nude mice of every passage.We used limited dilution method to separate and select colonial cells with directional highly lymphatic metastatic potentials from the lymphatic metastasis of human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV3.The ceils with biological characteristics were assayed by growth curve,HE staining,karyotype analysis,nude mice transplantation and immunohistochemistry,respectively.Results We established a series of cell lines from lymph node metastasis and designated them as SKOV3-PM1,SKOV3-PM2 and SKOV3-PM3 cell strain.When the cells of SKOV3-PM3 were injected into the hind foot pad of nude mice, they produced 100%(10/10)spontaneous lymphatic metastasis.The lymphatic metastatic rates(26/10) were stable and higher than the mother cell line(1/10,P

OBJECTIVE To explore the outcomes of CO2 laser assisted stapedotomy with artificial stapes prostheses in the treatment of advanced otosclerosis. METHODS Between January 2010 and January 2014, 15 patients (16 ears) diagnosed as advanced otosclerosis accepted CO2 laser assisted stapedotomy with artificial stapes implantation in our department. The averaged preoperative air conduction threshold of the speech frequency was 70.21 dB HL, the averaged bone conduction threshold was 38.49 dB HL, the averaged air-bone gap (ABG) was 31.72 dB HL. All cases were followed up for more than 6 months after operation. RESULTS All cases accepted auditory follow up after 6 months postoperatively. The speech frequency average air conduction threshold was 43.7 dB HL, the average bone conduction threshold was 28.95 dB HL, the average ABG was 14.75 dB HL. The ABG≤20 dB was achieved in 9 ears (56.3%) and ABG closure (≤10 dB) was achieved in 6 ears (37.5%). No cases appeared intractable vertigo, sensorineural hearing loss, secondary facial paralysis and other serious complications. CONCLUSION CO2 laser assisted technique reduced the probability of serious complications of stapedotomy, most patients with hearing level improved significantly. It's a safe, practical, relatively economical choice for advanced otosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the performance of bone suppression images on the detection of lung nodules in comparison with the radiologists'reading results.Methods There were 141 standard posteroanterior digital chest radiographs,which included 95 patients with a solitary nodule and 46 controls.In this observational study,4 observers,including 2 radiologists and 2 residents,in-dicated their confidence level regarding the presence of a nodule for each lung,first by use of standard images,then with the addition of bone suppression images.Receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve analysis was used to evaluate the observers'performance. Results Average nodule size was (1.9±1)cm (range from 0.9 cm to 2.9 cm).The mean value of the area under the ROC curve (AUC)was significantly improved from 0.844 with use of standard images alone to 0.873 with use of bone suppression images (P<0.01).Conclusion The use of bone suppression images can improve radiologists'performance on detection of lung nodules on chest radiographs.