Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of rivaroxa-ban in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis in patients with hip arthro-plasty.Methods Ninety-eight patients with hip arthroplasty were re-cruited in our hospital.The included 98 cases were randomized divided into rivaroxaban group ( n=46 ) with rivaroxaban 10 mg · d -1 orally with 5-week and low molecular heparin ( LMH) group with LMH 4100 U with 2-week.The risk of deep vein thrombosis between the two groups was recorded within the flowing 6 months.Results With a follow-up peri-od of 6 months, the incidence of deep vein thrombosis were 2.3%(1/44) and 14.6%(7/58) in the rivaroxaban group and LMH group re-spectively , which indicated the incidence was much lower in rivaroxaban group ( P<0.05 ).But the platelet count , coagulation function , drainage volume and subcutaneous ecchymosis were not different between the two groups ( P>0.05 ).Conclusion Rivaroxaban can significant decrease the risk of deep vein thrombosis in patients with hip arthroplasty without increasing the side effects.