ObjectiveTo understand the urban preference for outpatient pre-registration in large hospitals,and probe into the influencing factors,for recommendations to improve outpatient preregistration at the hospitals.Methods With Nanjing City as an example,the authors used tailoreddesigned questionnaire and qualitative interviews to investigate the preference of 1200 households of local residents regarding outpatient clinical pre-registration service at the tertiary hospitals.Results Age,education and economic factors are found to be the most important influential ones for urban preference in their outpatient pre-registration at large hospitals.Other factors include traditional approaches to outpatient clinic,inconvenience for outpatient pre-registration,and concerns for appointment breaking.Conclusion in order to increase their preference for outpatient pre-registration at large hospitals,hospitals should work to explore and improve approaches for outpatient pre-registration,and better their service quality,which will involve greater participation of both the hospital staff and residents.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; Uveitis, Anterior ; etiology

1:16) of the relative serum antibody has been observed in 80%, while none of this high level was observed in patients with Echovirus-25 and adenovirus dermatitis (

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Bushen Wenyang Huayu Recipe (BWHR) on hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), proline hydroxylase2 (PHD2), von Hippel Lindau disease (VHL) suppressor gene expressions in endometriosis (EM) rats with Shen yang deficiency blood stasis syndrome (SYDBSS), and to explore the pathogenesis of EM and the mechanism of BWHR for treating EM.

METHODSTotally 50 SD rats were randomly divided into five groups, i.e., the blank control group, the sham-operation group, the model group, the Chinese medicine (CM) group, and the Western medicine (WM) group, 10 in each group. Rats in the blank control group and the sham-operation group were fed routinely. Rats in the rest 3 groups received 30-day "extended refrigerator freezing and ice water immersion" and combined with " autotransplantation" to establish EM rat model with SYDBSS. One Milliliter BWHR at 3.33 g/mL was administered to rats in the CM group by gastrogavage. Gestrinone at the daily dose of 0. 5 mg/kg was administered to rats in the WM group by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to rats in the model group, the blank control group, and the sham-operation group. The size and morphology of ectopic foci in rats were observed after 4 weeks of medication. Expressions of serum CA125, plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), and plasma cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) were detected by radioimmunoassay. Morphological changes of eutopic endometrium and ectopic tissue were observed under the optical microscope by HE staining. Protein expressions and contents of HIF-lα, PHD2, and VHL were detected by immunohistochemical SABC method and Western blot. mRNA expressions of HIF-1α, PHD2, and VHL were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe ectopic foci grew significantly in the model group. Their volumes were obviously contracted after treated by CM and WM. Compared with the blank control group and the sham-operation group, serum CA125 and plasma cGMP obviously increased, cAMP obviously decreased (P < 0.05); expressions and contents of HIF-1α mRNA and protein all decreased (P < 0.05); mRNA and protein expressions and contents of PHD2 and VHL all decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Compared with model group, levels of CA125 and cGMP obviously decreased; cAMP levels obviously increased, expressions and contents of HIF-1α mRNA and protein all increased, mRNA and protein expressions and contents of PHD2 and VHL all increased in the WM group and the CM group (P < 0.05). Compared with the CM group, PHD2 protein contents were higher in the WM group (P < 0.05). HIF-1α was negatively correlated with PHD2 (r = -0.799, P = 0.00). HIF-1α was negatively correlated with VHL (r = -0. 625, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONSBWHR could effectively treat EM. Its mechanism might be associated with reducing contents of HIF-1α, serum CA125, and plasma cGMP, and up-regulating expressions of PHD2, VHL, and cAMP.

Animals ; Cyclic AMP ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Endometriosis ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Female ; Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit ; metabolism ; Proline ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Up-Regulation ; Yang Deficiency ; drug therapy ; metabolism

Objective To explore the neuroprotective effects of orientin in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and its possible mechanisms.Methods SD male rats were randomly divided into five groups,with 15 rats in each group:sham group,model group,control group,experimental Ⅰ group,experimental Ⅱ group.Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established by suture method in each group except sham group.For sham group,separate the carotid artery only.The 2.9 mg · mL-1 of orientin was administrated at 0 h and 12 h of reperfusion in control group and two experimental groups.At 0.5,24 h before the operation,autophagy inducer (rapamycin 2.24 mg · mL-1) and autophagy inhibitor [3-methyladenine (3-MA) 3.0 mg · mL-1] were administrated in experimental Ⅰ group and experimental Ⅱ group,respectively.The same dosage of normal saline was administrated to other groups.The neurological deficit scores were evaluated and brain infarct volume was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining after 24 h of reperfusion.Moreover,protein immunoblotting was used to observe the protein levels of Beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein1 light chain3 (LC3).Results The brain infarct volume in model group was (36.63 ±2.06)％,which was higher than sham group (0.67 ±0.12)％,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.01).The brain infarct volume in control group,experimental Ⅰ and Ⅱ group were (14.71 ± 1.63)％,(25.22 ± 1.58) ％ and (6.45 ± 1.07) ％,respectively;compared with model group and three drugs groups,the difference were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).The expression of autophagy protein Beclin1 (APB) in model group,sham group were 3.16 ±0.17,(1.00 ±0.06) while control group,experimental Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups were,1.67 ±0.15,2.24 ±0.13 and 1.21 ±0.09,respectively.For the protein expression of LC3 in model group,sham group,control group,experimental Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups were 2.98 ± 0.12,1.00 ± 0.05,1.54 ± 0.13,2.24 ± 0.12,1.49 ± 0.17.Compared with sham group and model group,the difference were statistically significant (all P ＜0.01).Compared with model group and three drugs groups,the difference were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group and experimental Ⅰ group,the difference of the protein expression were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The neuroprotective effects of orientin in rats after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion may be mediated through inhibition of autophagy.

To confirm the inactivating effect of chito-oligosaccharides on Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) par ticles in vitro, the difference of TMV pathogenicity was evaluated according to the decrease of local lesion numbers after inoculating with TMV mixed with chito-oligosaccharides (DP3-10) in Nicotiana glutinosa, and the virion structural change was studied by transmission electron microscopy after mixed with chito-oligosaccharides. In the range of tested concentrations of chito-oligosaccharides (100-1000 microg /mL), the numbers of local lesions were strongly reduced with over 30% decrement, and the 88.4% reduction gained at the concentration of 600g /mL. It revealed that treatment with chito-oligosaccharide solution of 300-500 microg /mL directly broke TMV particles into tiny pieces of 50-150nm long, and that treatment with solutions of 600-1000 microg/mL caused virus particle agglomerated. The data presented here suggested that chito-oligosaccharides exerted strong inactivating effect on plant virus in vitro.
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oligosaccharides ; pharmacology ; Tobacco Mosaic Virus ; drug effects ; ultrastructure ; Virion ; drug effects ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo study the anti-endotoxin activity and mechanism of F022 from Radix Isatidis.

METHODThe production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 of murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated by LPS was measured by ELISA. The temperature in rabbits was tested after i.v. administration of LPS. The lethality of BCG-primed mice was induced by LPS.

RESULTIf F022 was added to macrophages culture simultaneously with LPS or 1 h before addition of LPS, production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 by macrophages was remarkably inhibited in vitro. F022 inhibited the fever induced by LPS in rabbits and protected BCG-primed mice from LPS induced lethality if given before administration of LPS.

CONCLUSIONThe anti-endotoxin effect of F022 may inhibit LPS binding to its receptor, and it may be a LPS receptor antagonist.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Female ; Fever ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; Interleukin-6 ; secretion ; Isatis ; chemistry ; Lipopolysaccharides ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Macrophages, Peritoneal ; secretion ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; secretion

OBJECTIVETo search for the possible relation between tortilcollis and partial chromosome 13q trisomy.

METHODSFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique combined with chromosome banding was performed to determine the karyotype of two patients with typical clinical features of partial 13q trisomy syndrome, then their manifestations were compared with those of the literatures published previously.

RESULTSThe two cases were partial trisomy of 13q14--> ter with a different second derivative chromosome, in spite of this difference, both of them had tortilcollis.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that a potential site for tortilcollis may locate on the long arm of chromosome 13. With reference to a report previously published, the more precise candidate related region may be 13q32--> qter.

Child ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; genetics ; Cytogenetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Torticollis ; genetics ; Trisomy ; genetics

Objective To discuss the MRI features of sophorae subprostrate intoxication.Methods Four cases with sophorae subprostrate intoxication underwent conventional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)with a 1.5 T MR system.Results In four cases,all cerebellar dentate nuclei showed symmetric patchy hyper-intensity on T_2 weighted images and iso-intensity on diffusion-weighted images as well as hyper-intensity on ADC maps.The bilateral dorsum of the brain stem and thalamus were involved in one ease.Symmetric long T_1 and T_2 signals and high DWI signals with low ADC values in bilateral basal ganglia area were demonstrated in one case with severe symptoms.After treatment,repeated MR images in two cases showed the abnormal signals of dentate nucleus disappeared,and the lesions of basal ganglia area in one case tended to be cystie with longer T_1 and T_2 signals and low DWI signals.Conclusion It is specific for intoxication of sophorae subprostrate to affect the dentate nuclei and lentiform nuclei.MRI and DWI is helpful for the early diagnosis,differential diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of this disease.

OBJECTIVEChronic airway inflammation is associated with the polarization of TH2 cells in asthma. Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) plays an important role in the polarization of TH2 cells. This study aimed to investigate the changes of PGD2 receptors (DP1/CRTH2) on T lymphocytes and their significance in asthma.

METHODSSeventy-two children with asthma were assigned to two groups: acute attack (n=42) and remission (n=30). Thirty-five healthy children were used as the control group. Plasma levels of TH2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5, and TH1 cytokine INF-gamma were detected using ELISA. Radiological binding assay (RBA) was used to measure the contents of DP1/CRTH2 receptors on T cells in peripheral blood (PPB).

RESULTSThe total combining contents of DP and CRTH2 on T cells in PPB in the acute attack and the remission groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the DP1 content among the three groups. Serum levels of IL-4 and IL-5 significantly increased (p<0.01), in contrast, serum levels of TH1 cytokine IFN-gamma were significantly reduced in the acute attack and the remission groups compared with those in the control group (p<0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe total combining contents of DP and CRTH2 on T cells increased, serum levels of TH2 cytokines also increased, but serum levels of TH1 cytokine decreased significantly in the acute attack and the remission phases in children with asthma. This showed that a polarization of TH2 cells occurred in children with asthma and suggested that CRTH2 antagonism may be a new target for the treatment of asthma.

Asthma ; etiology ; immunology ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Mapping ; Cytokines ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Receptors, Immunologic ; blood ; Receptors, Prostaglandin ; blood ; T-Lymphocytes ; chemistry ; Th2 Cells ; immunology