Objective To discuss the feasibility,indications,surgical techniques,and outcome con- cerning the application of less invasive stabilization system (LISS) for complex proximal femoral fractures.Methods We treated 12 complex proximal femoral fractures using femoral LISS reversely from June 2005 to May 2006. They were five complex intertrochanteric fractures and seven subtrochanteric ones.By AO classification,two were type 31-A2.2,two type 31-A2.3,one type 31-A3.3,one type 32-A3.1,three type 32-B1.1,one type 32-B2.1, and two type 32-B3.I.The patients were treated with closed or indirect reduction and fixation with percutaneous LISS plate reversely.Results There were no major postoperative complications in this study.The mean operation time was 65 minutes (range,50 to 90 minutes),the mean intra-operative blood loss was 142 milliliters (range,50 to 400 milliliters),and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 9.3 days (range,6 to 15 days).All patients had a clinical follow-up;the mean follow-up time was 7.2 months (range,3 to 14 months).Ten cases healed clinically three months postoperatively,one periprosthetic fracture healed four months and one pathological fracture healed six months after operation.At the final radiographic follow-up,no collapse,varus deformity,cutting-out,hardware failure,or avascular necrosis was found.Conclusions Femoral LISS used reversely can provide secure fixation for proximal femoral fractures biomechanically and anatomically.It is also easy and safe.It is particularly suitable for old patients with intertrochanteric fractures complicated with disorders of internal organs and severe osteoporosis or patients with complex proximal femoral fractures.It is important to be skillful in indirect reduction and positioning of guide wire into hole A,and to avoid immediate weight-bearing postoperatively.

ObjectiveTo enrich and quantitatively analyze peripheral circulative carcinoma cells by magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) in colorectal cancer patients.MethodsBlood samples, preoperatively collected from 21 patients with colorectal cancer and 9 healthy volunteers, were labeled by anti-cytokeratin (CK) with magnetic microbeads, and passed through magnetic columns; CK +carcinoma cells were separated from the samples, and quantified by flow cytometry.ResultsCK +CD45 -cells could not be detected from the samples without MACS; in the sample undergoing MACS, the concentrations of CK +CD45 -cells were significantly higher in patient group than in control group(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) after brain trauma in rats using IgG immunohistochemical staining.MethodsAn impact-acceleration head injury model was established with rats. Histological changes of rats' brains were observed by HE staining and light and electron microscopes at 1 h, 6 h, 24 h and 7 d after injury, and BBB permeability was analyzed semi-quantitatively by IgG immunohistochemical staining at the same time points.ResultsThe spot bleeding and brain edema was present in the damage region after brain trauma and endothelial cell damage and astrocyte swelling could be found under electron microscope. The extravasations of IgG was detected in the injured hemisphere of rats at 1 h, and achieved the peak at 6 h, remained a high level up to 24 h, and decreased at 7th d.ConclusionThe disruption of BBB function occurs after brain trauma in rats, and detection of IgG extravasations tested by immunohistochemical staining is a simple and sensitive way to investigate BBB permeability.

Objective To investigate the impact of overweight and obesity on left atrial (LA) function in healthy subjects with excess body weight.Methods Conventional echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging were performed in 30 obese subjects (BMI≥28 kg/m2),30 overweight subjects (BMI,24to 28 kg/m2) and 30 age-matched normal subjects (BMI＜24kg/m2).Strain (S),peak systolic strain rate (SSR),peak early diastolic strain rate (ESR) and peak late diastolic strain rate (ASR) values were used to evaluating LA function.Results Compared with controls,mean S,SSR and ESR were decreased in obese subjects,while mean SSR,ESR and ASR were decreased in overweight subjects.Compared with overweight subjects,mean ESR was decreased in obese subjects.Conclusions An impaired LA function is found in overweight and obese subjects who has no other clinically appreciable cause of heart disease by using strain and SR imaging.

Objective To study the changes of diastolic function of left ventricle by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and the serum level of endocrine factors,and analyse the relations between these factors and mass or diastolic function of left ventricle in patients with essential hypertension.Methods Sixty one patients with essential hypertension were divided into left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) group and no left ventricular hypertrophy(NLVH) group.Twenty healthy subjects were considered as control group.The early(e) and late(a) diastolic maximal myocardial velocity and e/a of lateral wall motion of mitral valve annulus were recorded by TDI.The levels of atrial natritic peptide(ANP),brain natriuretic peptide(BNP),endothelium(ET),calcitonic gene related peptide(CGRP) and insulin like growth factor 1(IGF 1) were measured by radio immunology analysis.Results The e wave maximal velocity in LVH group was lower than that of NLVH group and control group [( 14.56 ? 7.83 ) cm/s,( 16.40 ? 0.66 ) cm/s,( 18.68 ? 3.78 ) cm/s,respectively],and a wave maximal velocity in LVH group was higher than that of NLVH group and control group [( 18.28 ? 9.60 ) cm/s,( 16.03 ? 5.88 ) cm/s ,( 14.53 ? 1.28 ) cm/s,respectively]; The e and a maximal velocity velocities in both LVH and NLVH groups had statistic differences with those of control group(P

Child ; China ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; physiopathology ; virology

The AC impedance of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells were measured in our laboratory by Agilent 4294A impedance analyzer in the frequency range of 0.01-100 MHz. And then the effect of hematocrit on electrical impedance characteristics of hepatoma cells was observed by electrical impedance spectroscopy, Bode diagram, Nyquist diagram and Nichols diagram. The results showed that firstly, there is a frequency dependence, i.e., the increment of real part and the imaginary part of complex electrical impedance (δZ', δZ"), the increment of the amplitude modulus of complex electrical impedance (δ[Z *]) and phase angle (δθ) were all changed with the increasing frequency. Secondly, it showed cell volume fraction (CVF) dependence, i. e. , the increment of low-frequency limit (δZ'0, δ[Z*] 0), peak (δZ"(p), δθ(p)), area and radius (Nyquist diagram, Nichols diagram) were all increased along with the electric field frequency. Thirdly, there was the presence of two characteristic frequencies: the first characteristic frequency (f(c1)) and the second characteristic frequency (f(c2)), which were originated respectively in the polarization effects of two interfaces that the cell membrane and extracellular fluid, cell membrane and cytoplasm. A conclusion can be drawn that the electrical impedance spectroscopy is able to be used to observe the electrical characteristics of human hepatoma cells, and therefore this method can be used to investigate the electrophysiological mechanisms of liver cancer cells, and provide research tools and observation parameters, and it also has important theoretical value and potential applications for screening anticancer drugs.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Membrane ; Cytoplasm ; Electric Impedance ; Electrophysiological Phenomena ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; Membrane Potentials

Due to their biological and physiological importance, flavonoids received considerable attention in the literature. This review discusses the widely used analytical method i.e. capillary electrophoresis (CE) including the chiral flavonoids separation and the hyphenation of CE and MS. Techniques used for enhancement of sensitivity such as stacking, sweeping, isotachophoresis etc. were also discussed.

Objective To observe the impact of intrauterine hypoxia on the development of rat lungs and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the lungs as the time of hypoxia was extended.Methods To create a model of intrauterine hypoxia,12 pregnant rats were divided into four groups as follows:air-control group,hypoxic 2-day group,hypoxic 6-day group,and hypoxic 10-day group.At birth,we performed pulmonary vascular morphometry in newborn rats with Nis software,and measured pulmonary arterial diameter,wall thickness and wall thickness/pulmonary arterial diameter.We detected expression of VEGF protein by immunohistochemistry and mRNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction.Changes in pulmonary capillary endothelium under electron microscope were observed.One-way analysis of variance and the Student Newman Keuls q (SNK-q) test were applied for statistical analysis.Results As the hypoxic time was extended,wall thickness and wall thickness/pulmonary arterial diameter increased.Compared with the air-control group,pulmonary vascular wall thickness in the hypoxic 10-day group increased [(16.4 ± 5.9) vs (10.8±2.8) μm; q=-8.04,P＜0.05].Wall thickncss/pulmonary artcrial diameter in the hypoxic 10-day group increased compared with that in the air control group,hypoxic 2-day group and hypoxic 6-day group [(31.3±5.1) ％,(22.2±4.9) ％and (23.6±3.9) ％vs (24.1±3.9) ％;q=-7.08,-4.92 and-5.0,all P＜0.05].Expression of VEGF protein in the lungs increased in the hypoxic 6-day group compared with the air-control group [(13.7±3.9) ％ vs (9.3±3.5) ％; q=-6.83,P＜0.05],while the expression was higher in hypoxic 10-day group than in the air-control group and hypoxic 2-day group [(15.2±4.7) ％,(9.3±3.5) ％ vs (11.8 ± 3.3) ％] (q=-9.16 and-5.19,all P＜0.05).Expression of VEGF mRNA in the lungs increased in the hypoxic 6-day group compared with the air-control group [(1.6±0.2)vs (0.8 ±0.2); q=-5.07,P＜0.05],while the expression was higher in the hypoxic 10 day group than in the air-control group and hypoxic 2-day group [(2.2±0.3),(0.8±0.2) vs (1.3±0.2)] (q=-9.54 and-6.42,all P＜0.05).Electron microscopy showed puhnonary capillary endothelial cell swelling as the hypoxic time was extended.In the air-control group,there was no capillary endothelial cell hyperplasia and swelling; in hypoxic 2-day group,there was mild swelling of the capillary endothelial cells and a small amount of hyperplasia; in hypoxic 6-day group,there was moderate swelling of the capillary endothelial cells; and in hypoxic 10-day group:there was significant swelling of the capillary endothelial cells,and pyknosis.Conclusions Intrauterine hypoxia resulted in higher expression of VEGF protcin and mRNA.VEGF in the lungs of newborn rats was involved in the vascular development process.

Objective To discuss the selection of short- or long-segment posterior fixation for treatment of unstable thoracolumbar fractures. Methods A total 134 patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated with pedicle instrument fixation from January 2005 to December 2008 were studied retrospectively. According to AO fracture classification, there were 70 patients with type A fractures, 37 with type B and 27 with type C. The patients were divided into two groups according to the number of instrumented levels; short-segment posterior fixation (SSPF) group (four screws; one vertebral body above or below the fractured vertebrae) and long-segment posterior fixation (LSPF) group (eight screws; two vertebral bodies above or below the fractured vertebrae). Clinical outcomes and radiological parameters (superior-inferior endplate angle, vertebral body angle, displacement of vertebral body) were compared according to AO fracture classification. Results All type A fractures were treated with SSPF, mean superior-inferior endplate angle changed from preoperative 21.3° to postoperative 8.5° and 11.1° at final follow up. There was no statistical difference in the correction of Cobb angle for type B fractures in SSPF group (26 patients) and LSPF group (11 patients), while the correction loss of vertebral body angle was 3. 64° in SSPF group and 1.09° in LSPF group, with statistical difference (P < 0. 05). There was no statistical difference in the correction of Cobb angle for type C fractures in SSPF group (7 patients) and in LSPF group (20 patients), but the correction loss of vertebral body angle was 3.6° in SSPF group and 0. 8° in LSPF group, with statistical difference (P < 0. 05). There was no statistical difference in vertebral displacement correction. Conclusions Most types A and Bl fractures should be treated with SSPF; most types B2, B3 and C fractures should be treated with LSPF.