Objective To investigate the change in antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterococcus faecalis (E.faecalis) and Enterococcus faecium (E.faecium) isolated from clinical urine specimens, so as to provide laboratory evidence for clinical anti-infective treatment.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility of E.faecalis and E.faecium isolated from urine specimens from 20 tertiary hosptials in China between 2004 and 2014 were analyzed, drug-resistant genes of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus(VRE)were detected with polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results A total of 788 Enterococcus strains were isolated in 2004-2014, 371 strains were E.faecalis strains, 417 were E.faecium strains.Susceptibility rates of E.faecalis to ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin, vancomycin, and teicoplanin were all>90%, susceptibility rates to rifampin, minocycline, and erythromycin were all<20%, there was significant difference in the susceptibility rate of E.faecalis to fosfomycin betwen July 2011-June 2012 and July 2009-June 2010(P<0.0167).Susceptibility rates of E.faecium to vancomycin and teicoplanin were 96.9% and 97.4% respectively, susceptibility rates to nitrofurantoin, minocycline, and fosfomycin were 41.7%, 51.8%, and 78.2% respectively, susceptibility rates to ampicillin, levofloxacin, rifampicin, and erythromycin were all<10%;susceptibility rates of E.faecium to nitrofurantoin had decreased tendency in different years (any two group comparison, all P<0.0167), susceptibility rates to fosfomycin in July 2011-June 2012 and July 2013-June 2014 both decreased compared with July 2009-June 2010(both P<0.0167),there were no significant changes in antimicrobial usceptibility rates in different years.14 strains of VRE all carried vanA resistance gene.Conclusion E.faecalis strains isolated from urine are susceptible to ampicillin, nitrofurantoin, and fosfomycin, E.faecium are not susceptible to most antimicrobial agents;E.faecalis and E.faecium are both susceptible to vancomycin and teicoplanin, only a few strains are resistant to antimicrobial agents.

Bronchi ; Bronchoscopy ; Child ; Foreign Bodies ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnets ; Male

Purpose To describe clinicopathological features, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of Castleman′s disease. Methods Retrospective analyses of the clinical data, clinicopathology and immunohistochemistry were conducted in ten cases of Castleman dis-ease and reviewed of literature. Results There were 8 cases of unicenrtic Castleman′s disease and 2 cases of multicentric Castleman′s disease. Pathologically, there were 6 cases of hayline vascular types, one case of plasmatcyic type and 3 cases of mixed type in all Castleman′s disease. Immunohistochemically, all cases were negative for BCL-6 and CD10, and Ki-67 expression was less than or e-qual to 30%. There were 4 cases with complete follow-up data, including one case of intermediate type, 3 cases of hyaline vascular type which were healed by surgical resection without recurrence. Conclusions Castleman′s disease is a rare and lymphoproliferative disorders with unknown cause, it is not easy to diagnose before the operation. Whether immunohistochemical features reflect abnormal immune function or play unknown role in the pathogenesis of Castleman′s disease is also demanded further study.

ABSTRACT:In the present study ,we aimed to identify differentially expressed proteins between induced worms (the infec‐ted mice were treated intragastrically with ED50 PZQ) and uninduced worms (control group) for clarifying the mechanism of PZQ .ED50 PZQ was used to administrate mice that were infected with S .japonicum via intragastric incubation for consecutive‐ly 30 days .Twenty‐one days later ,mice were sacrificed after treatment with 200 mg/kg PZQ for continuously five days ,and the male worms were obtained and some of them were subjected in DMEM medium with different concentrations of PZQ in vitro for 16 hours .Then the worms were washed twice and incubated in PZQ‐free medium for 72 hours .Compared with control group ,the induced worms had lesser sensitivity to PZQ .The survival rate of induced worms was 75 .6% in vitro when the con‐centration of PZQ was 112 mol/L (the concentration was 8 times of uninduced worms Lethal Concentration ) ,significantly higher than that in the uninduced worms (11 .1% ,P<0 .05) ,showing obviously tolerance .The other induced and uninduced worms were acquired and collected for 2D‐DIGE and MALDI‐TOF‐MS ,and combined with bioinformatics to analyse the func‐tion of the identified protein .Thirty differential expression proteins were confirmed between induced and uninduced worms ,in‐cluding 12 proteins up‐regulated and 18 proteins down‐regulated .These proteins respectively ascribed to cytoskeleton‐associat‐ed protein ,glucose and energy metabolism enzymes ,stress proteins ,thioredoxin peroxidase enzymes ,and other protease .Up‐or down‐regulation of these differential proteins indicated that PZQ promote or inhibit the expression of some specific genes . These findings may help to clarify the mechanism of PZQ ,simultaneously ,providing a scientific basis for exploring new vaccine candidate antigens and targets for drug therapy .

Objective To prepare liposomes of glycyrrhizic acid, and evaluate its liver targeting property in mice. Methods The liposomes were prepared with conventional rotary-evaporated film-ultrasonication method.The liposomes were injected into the mouse tail vein, and the concentration of glycyrrhizic acid was detected by RP-HPLC.The glycyrrhiz-ic acid injection was taken as control.The targeted indicators, including the relative tissue exposure ( re ) , targeting effi-ciency (te), and index of peak concentration ratio (Ce), were used to evaluate the liver targeting property.Results The re was 1.4, Te of the liposomes was 0.092, and te of the injection was 0.059.The Ce of the liver was 1.59, and the Ce of the blood was 0.99.Conclusion Compared with glycyrrhizic acid injection, the glycyrrhizic acid liposomes show good liv-er-targeting property.

Naturally occurring mutations in surface proteins of Hepatitis B virus(HBV)usually result in altered hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)secretion efficiency.In the present study,we reported two conserved residues,M75 and M103 with respect to HBsAg,mutations of which not only attenuated HBsAg secretion(M75 only),but also suppressed HBV genome replication without compromising the overlapping p-gene product.We also found M75 and M103 can initiate truncated surface protein(TSPs)synthesis upon over-expression of full-length surface proteins,which may possibly contribute to HBV genome replication.However,attempts to rescue replicationdefective HBV mutant by co-expression of TSPs initiated from M75 or M103 were unsuccessful,which indicated surface proteins rather than the putative TSPs were involved in regulation of HBV genome replication.

In this paper, we expatiate the advance of Tricholoma matsutake including distributing, environment, pure culture, domesticating cultivation and artificial forcing breeding in the area of Changbai Mountain of China.

Comparative analysis of characteristic of species and esterase-isoenzyme of isolates of Polyporus umbel-latus from different regions were processed. The results indicated that isolates of Jizhaoling ( Z) and Zhushiling (ZJ) have significant differences in characteristic, and enzymatic band types of the two species also have significant differences. The homology at genetics between the two isolates is 0% , and consanguinity between the two i-solates is the farthest.

X-Ray tube is the core part of CT machines and its service life is closely tied to its quality,installation & adjustments and the status of the equipment itself.Besides,whether the operaters use the equipment correctly or not also influence the life of X-ray tubes.The author summarizes some methods for extending the life of CT tubes according to the experiences of installation,adjustment and using of the CT tubes for many years.

The teaching of the Fermentation Engineering Experiment in normal university must serve for the basic education,placing students' creative spirit and practical ability in the first place.Therefore,teaching reform of the Fermentation Engineering Experiment under the background of new curriculum reform of basic education should be studied from the curriculum content,teaching methodology,training pattern and as-sessment system,in order to cultivate the normal-university students' research ability,working attitude,crea-tive and teaching ability.