Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of “Shamrock” ultrasound images?guided lumbar sympathetic ganglion blockade ( LSGB) . Methods Sixty patients of both sexes, aged 18-60 yr, weighing 50-70 kg, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠorⅡ, undergoing unilater?al LSGB, were divided into groupⅠ ( n=30) and group Ⅱ ( n=30) using a random number table. In group Ⅰ, unilateral LSGB was performed at the L2 level under ultrasound guidance with paramedian trans?verse scanning. In groupⅡ, unilateral LSGB was performed at the L2 level under ultrasound guidance with“Shamrock” ultrasound images. After final needle position was confirmed, 2% lidocaine 6?0 ml was ad?ministered in each patient. At 20 min before and after LSGB, the visual analogue scale scores and skin temperature of the big toe of the affected foot were recorded, and the successful blockade and visibility of important paravertebral structures on ultrasound images were recorded during puncture. Results The visu?al analogue scale scores were significantly lower, and the skin temperature on the affected side was signifi?cantly higher after LSGB than before LSGB in both groups ( P<0?05) . The important paravertebral struc?tures such as erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, psoas major, transverse process of L2 vertebrae, and the curved edge of L2 vertebrae were visible in both groups. The visibility rate of the inferior vena cava or ab?dominal aorta on ultrasound images and the success rate of blockade were significantly lower in group Ⅰthan in group Ⅱ (P<0?01). Conclusion Compared with paramedian transverse scanning, LSGB has some advantages such as real?time monitoring, higher success rate of blockade, better efficacy and avoiding damage to great vessels when performed under “Shamrock” ultrasound image guidance.

Objective To observe the application of allopurinol in the treatment of gouty nephropathy, and evaluate its clinical effect on the level of serum creatinine and urea nitrogen. Methods Patients with gouty nephropathy from April 2015 to May 2017 in Xining first people's hospital 126 patients as the research object, divided into observation group and control group of 63 cases with double blind random method, given the reference group of patients basic treatment, the observation group treated with allopurinol in the reference group on the basis, effects were compared between the two groups the clinical therapeutic effect and serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, blood pressure level. Results After 12 months of therapy, compared two groups of patients before treatment, serum uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, blood pressure (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure) were improved, and the observation group was obviously better than that of control group (P<0.05); the observation group total efficiency of treatment group was 88.89％ (56/63), the reference group was 74.60％ (47/63), with significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Allopurinol can be used in the treatment of gouty nephropathy. It can help to improve the clinical effect and improve the clinical symptoms of the patients. It is of practical value.

Objective To observe changes of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone (T) in umbilical vein blood between male and female neonates, and assess the effect of serum LH, FSH and T on fetal growth.Methods Umbilical vein blood was obtained from 130 neonates (64 females and 66 males) in the second hospital of changshu city. According to birth weight, 130 neonates were divided into 3 groups: macrosomia (n=28), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (n=31) and normal neonates (n=71). The serum levels of LH, FSH and T were measured by radioimmunoassay.Results 1.The levels of LH, FSH and T in umbilical vein blood were significantly higher in male neonates than those in females (P

OBJECTIVETo analyze and predict the structure and function of mosquito densovirus (MDV) nostructual protein1 (NS1).

METHODSUsing different bioinformatics software, the EXPASY pmtparam tool, ClustalX1.83, Bioedit, MEGA3.1, ScanProsite, and Motifscan, respectively to comparatively analyze and predict the physic-chemical parameters, homology, evolutionary relation, secondary structure and main functional motifs of NS1.

RESULTSMDV NS1 protein was a unstable hydrophilic protein and the amino acid sequence was highly conserved which had a relatively closer evolutionary distance with infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV). MDV NS1 has a specific domain of superfamily 3 helicase of small DNA viruses. This domain contains the NTP-binding region with a metal ion-dependent ATPase activity. A virus replication roller rolling-circle replication(RCR) initiation domain was found near the N terminal of this protein. This protien has the biological function of single stranded incision enzyme.

CONCLUSIONThe bioinformatics prediction results suggest that MDV NS1 protein plays a key role in viral replication, packaging, and the other stages of viral life.

Animals ; Computational Biology ; Culicidae ; virology ; Densovirus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a short-term (3-day) simulated microgravity with and without daily dorsoventral gravitation (-G(x)) for 1 h on myogenic tone and vasoconstrictor responsiveness of the middle cerebral artery and mesenteric third-order small artery in rats. The tail-suspension (SUS) model was used to simulate cardiovascular deconditioning due to microgravity. Daily restoring to normal standing (STD) posture for 1 h was adopted to provide -G(x) as the countermeasure. Segments of middle cerebral artery and mesenteric third-order small artery were isolated and cannulated. Vascular diameters in response to increased intraluminal pressure (from 20 mmHg to 120 mmHg, by 20 mmHg steps) of isolated arteries under no-flow conditions were recorded by a Pressure Myograph System in both physiologic salt solution (PSS) (active diameter, Da) and calcium-free PSS (passive diameter, Dp). The myogenic tone was calculated by (Dp-Da)/Dpx100%. Vasoconstrictor responsiveness of the isolated middle cerebral artery to serotonin and that of small mesenteric artery to phenylephrine were assessed in the PSS under an intraluminal pressure of 40 mmHg. The results showed that SUS induced an enhancement of the myogenic tone and vasoconstrictor responsiveness in the isolated middle cerebral artery but a depression of those in the small mesenteric artery. Daily STD for 1 h prevented the depression of myogenic tone and vasoconstrictor responsiveness in the small mesenteric artery, but did not prevent the functional enhancement in the middle cerebral artery. These data suggest that a short-term simulated microgravity may result in different alterations in the function of the cerebral artery and the resistance vessel in the hind-body. Moreover, only the decrease of function in these resistance vessels, not in the cerebral arteries, can be prevented by such a countermeasure of daily STD for 1 h.
Animals ; Cerebral Arteries ; pathology ; Hindlimb Suspension ; Mesenteric Arteries ; pathology ; Pressure ; Rats ; Serotonin ; pharmacology ; Vascular Resistance ; Vasoconstriction ; Weightlessness Simulation

OBJECTIVETo investigate the resident dietary cadmium exposure in Jiangsu province and assess its safety.

METHODSCadmium concentration of 229 food items under 12 food groups were obtained from the food surveillance program in Jiangsu province between 2001 and 2006. Food consumption data of 778 food items of 3938 residents who were classified into four age groups (< 7, 7-, 13-, 18-) were got from the Nutrition and Health Status Survey of the Jiangsu resident in 2002 by 24 h dietary recall on three consecutive days. Dietary cadmium exposures for the residents of different age groups were obtained by using both point estimation and simple distribution estimation through integrating the two datasets above. The safety of dietary cadmium exposure was assessed.

RESULTSPoint estimation showed that the average dietary cadmium intakes of different age groups ranged from 5.7 to 8.6 microg/kg, accounting for 567.1% - 857.1% of the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI, 1.0 microg/kg). Result of simple distribution method showed mean daily cadmium exposure of different age groups ranged from 0.2 to 0.4 microg/kg, accounting for 20% - 40% of PTDI. Mean weekly cadmium exposure ranged from 1.4 to 2.5 microg/kg, accounting for 20% - 35.7% of the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI, 7.0 microg/kg). The mean daily dietary cadmium exposure for different groups were as follows: < 7, 0.4 microg/kg; 7-, 0.3 microg/kg; 13-, 0.2 microg/kg; 18-, 0.2 microg/kg. Differences of daily dietary cadmium exposures among groups were significant (F = 69.0, P < 0.05). The mean weekly dietary cadmium exposure for different groups were: < 7, 2.5 microg/kg; 7-, 2.0 microg/kg; 13-, 1.4 microg/kg; 18-, 1.4 microg/kg. Differences of weekly dietary cadmium exposures among groups were also significant (F = 41.6, P < 0.05). The P97.5 of daily cadmium exposure for < 7 and 7- were 1.4 and 1.2 microg/kg, respectively, both of which were higher than PTDI. The P99.0 of daily cadmium exposure for 13- and 18- were 1.3 and 1.1 microg/kg, respectively. The daily dietary exposure from cereals for different age groups were 21.5 - 253.4 microg/kg, occupying 42.2% - 47.8% of the total daily exposure. Vegetables were 8.0 - 119.4 microg/kg, occupying 14.6% - 20.1%.

CONCLUSIONThe average level of dietary cadmium exposures for residents in Jiangsu province calculated by simple distribution estimation were much lower than that calculated by point estimation and were considered to be at no risk. P97.5 or P99.0 of daily or weekly dietary cadmium exposure of different age groups exceeded PTWI and PTDI. The main food types of dietary cadmium exposure were cereals and vegetables.

Adolescent ; Cadmium ; analysis ; Child ; Diet ; Environmental Exposure ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Risk Assessment

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of cinobufagin on nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway of liver cancer cell line HepG2.

METHODSDual-luciferase cis-reporting system was used to detect the relative value of pNF-kappaB-TA-luc upon tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulation of NF-kappaB pathway. Western blotting was used to detect the protein level of NF-kappaB p65, and RT-PCR was used to detect the gene transcription level of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), a target downstream gene of NF-kappaB.

RESULTSAt the concentration of 0.25 and 0.5 microg/ml, cinobufagin significantly lowered the relative value of luciferase (P<0.05). The results of Western blotting showed that cinobufagin significantly suppressed the protein expression of NF-kappaB p65. The transcription level of ICAM-1 was reduced by different doses of cinobufagin.

CONCLUSIONThe anti-cancer effect of cinobufagin may be related to its activity in inhibiting the activation of NF-kappaB pathway.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Bufanolides ; pharmacology ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; NF-kappa B ; drug effects ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Transcription Factor RelA ; genetics ; metabolism

Fifteen known compounds were isolated from Swertia delavayi by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and Rp-18 column chromatographies. Based on extensive spectroscopic analysis (MS, 1H, 13C-NMR), their structures were identified aserythrocentaurin (1), erythrocentaurindimethylacetal (2), sweroside (3), swertiamarin (4), gentiopicroside (5), swertiakoside A (6), 2'-O-acetylswertiamarin (7), 4'-O-[(Z) -coumaroyl] swertiamarin (8), 1,5,8-trihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (9), 8-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-1-hydroxy-2,3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (10), 8-O-[β-D-xyl- opyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-7,8-dihydroxy-3-methoxyxanthone (11), isovitexin (12), β-sitosterol (13), daucosterol (14), and oleanolic acid (15). Among them, ten ones (14, 7-11, 13) were obtained from S. delavayi for the first time. The isolates were evaluated for their anti-HBV activities in HepG 2. 2. 15 cell line in vitro. The results showed that compound 1, 2, 6, 7, 9 and 12 exhibited significant inhibitory activity on HBV DNA replication with IC50 values from 0.05 to 1.46 mmol x L(-1).
Antiviral Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; genetics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Swertia ; chemistry

Ten compounds, including seven sesquiterpenes, two phenols and one phenylpropanoid, were isolated from the roots of Illicium majus by means of silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. On analysis of MS and NMR spectroscopic data , their structures were established as cycloparviflorolide (1), cycloparvifloralone (2), tashironin (3), tashironin A (4), anislactone A(5), anislactone B (6), pseudomajucin (7), syringaldehyde (8), methyl-4-hydroxy-3, 5-dimethoxybenzoate (9), and (E)-3-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxycinnamic alchol (10), respectively. Compounds 1-4 and 8-10 were first isolated from this plant. In the in vitro assays, at a concentration of 1.0 x 10(-5) mol x L(-1), compounds 5 and 6 were active against LPS induced NO production in microglia with a inhibition rate of 75.31% and 53.7%, respectively.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; chemistry ; Illicium ; chemistry ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of Shenkang pill on renal function and extracellular matrix secretion on the diabetic rats.

METHODThe diabetic rat models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and randomly divided into 3 groups' model control group; Capoten group and Shenkangwan group. Some normal other rats were used as normal control group. All rats were treated with corresponding drugs for 8 weeks. During and after the treatment, the general state, blood and urine glucose levels, excretion rate of the 24 hour urine protein and albumin, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen contents, kidney weight and relative kidney weight were measured. The mRNA of fibronectin(FN) in the kidney also detected by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).

RESULTDiabetes mellitus and renal lesions occurred in the three model groups. The expression of FN mRNA of the kidney in diabetic rats increased obviously. Shenkang pill could improve the general state and renal function of the diabetic rats, decrease the blood glucose levels and the excretion rate of the 24 hour urine protein and albumin, reduce the expression of FN mRNA in kidney.

CONCLUSIONShenkang pill has a certain protective effect on the diabetic kidney.

Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; pathology ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Fibronectins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Glycated Hemoglobin A ; metabolism ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Streptozocin