To study the possible mechanism of the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) on injury to neonatal rat cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. Lactate dehydrogenase activity [(210.0±11.5) vs (101.4±6.5) U/L] ,apoptosis rate [(8. 138±1. 512) vs(0. 575±0. 168)%] ,and caspase-3 activity [(44.52± 5.69)vs(19.98±1.97) ,all P<0.01] were all increased after hypoxia-reoxygenation. GLP-1 appears to directly act on cardiomyocytes and to protect them from hypoxia-reoxygenation injury [lactate dehydrogenase (190.2±9.0) U/ L, apoptosis rate (2.688±0.580) %, caspase-3 activity 30.34±4.18] mainly by inhibiting the apoptosis probably via the PBK/Akt signaling pathways.

Objective:To investigate the effect of Rab7 on cytokine induced by TLR7 (Toll like receptor-7) R848 activated in Raw264.7,and discusses the influence of Rab7 on MAPK signal transduction.Methods: TLR7 downstream cytokines such as TNF-α,IL-6,IFN-α,IFN-β and IP-10 activated by R848 were detected through Q-PCR in Rab7 silenced mouse macrophages,and then analysis of phosphorylation of MAPK determined with Western blot showed the effect of Rab7 on signal transduction of MAPK.Results: Rab7 inhibit production of cytokine activated by TLR7,and also,Rab7 had an inhibitory effect on MAPK signal pathway.Conclusion: The experimental results further illustrate that the Rab7 is the TLR7 signal transduction pathway negative regulatory factor,and to participate in MAPK signaling pathway.

BACKGROUNDOur previous study had cloned two glioma cell lines SWOZ1 and SWOZ2 isolated from parental glioma cell line SWO38. The 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) resistance of SWOZ1 was higher than that of SWOZ2. Since O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) was thought to be closely related to BCNU resistance in glioma, this study aimed to explore the function of MGMT in glioma resistant to BCNU.

METHODSA BCNU resistant glioma cell line SWOZ2-BCNU was established. The expression of MGMT was detected in SWOZ1, SWOZ2 and SWOZ2-BCNU. Small interferencing RNA targeting MGMT was used to silence the expression of MGMT in resistant cell lines SWOZ1 and SWOZ2-BCNU. The cytotoxicity of BCNU to these cells was measured using the cell counting kit-8 assay. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way analysis of variance in statistical package SPSS 13.0.

RESULTSThe resistance of SWOZ1 and SWOZ2-BCNU against BCNU was 4.9-fold and 5.3-fold higher than that of SWOZ2. The results of quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting confirmed that MGMT was both significantly increased in SWOZ1 and SWOZ2-BCNU compared to SOWZ2. After transfection with small interferencing RNA targeting MGMT, a decreased level of MGMT mRNA expression in SWOZ1 and SWOZ2-BCNU for more than 75% compared to negative control was found and confirmed by Western blotting. As a result, the resistance against BCNU was reversed for about 50% both in the BCNU-resistant cell lines SWOZ1 and SWOZ2-BCNU.

CONCLUSIONSSilencing MGMT with specific small interferencing RNA can reverse the BCNU resistant phenotype in these glioma cell lines. MGMT may play an important role both in intrinsic and acquired BCNU-resistance in glioma.

Blotting, Western ; Carmustine ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; genetics ; Glioma ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sincalide ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the relationship between the promoter of IL-12B gene polymorphism and the susceptibility and clinical features of chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer with or without Helicobacter pylori(Hp) infection in children and adolescent.Methods Mucosal biopsies were obtained from 132 children and adolescent (patient group),including 100 children with chronic gastritis and 32 children with duodenal ulcer,undergoing an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for dyspeptic symptoms.Biopsy specimens were stained with hematoxilin and eosin (HE),and gastritis was graded according to the Sydney system.Serology,urease test and histology were taken to assess Hp status.Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood or gastric biopsies of patients and 102 healthy children as normal control group.The promoter of IL-12B +1188A/G gene polymorphism was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing.The genotype distributions and allele frequencies were compared between the study group and the normal control group,and the association of genotypes with clinicopathological features was studied.IL-12B mRNA level expressions in gastric mucosa were confirmed by reverse transcription PCR biopsy-based tests.Results The genotype distributions and allele frequencies of IL-12B +1188A/G gene polymorphisms were similar in gastric upper gastrointestinal diseases and healthy subjects.The IL-12B +1188A/G gene polymorphisms were not associated with Hp status.IL-12B+1188A/G gene polymorphisms did not affect IL-12B mRNA level expressions and were not associated with the degree of antrum chronic inflammation.Conclusions These data suggest that IL-12B+1188A/G gene polymorphisms are not associated with susceptibility to chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcer in children and adolescent.

Cryptosporidium andersoni ATP-binding cassette (CaABC) is an important membrane protein involved in substrate transport across the membrane. In this research, the nucleotide binding domain (NBD) of CaABC gene was amplified by PCR, and the eukaryotic expression vector of pEGFP-C1-CaNBD was reconstructed. Then, the recombinant plasmid of pEGFP-C1-CaNBD was transformed into the mouse intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to study the iron transportation function of CaABC. The results indicated that NBD region of CaABC gene can significantly elevate the transport efficiency of Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, and HCO3 - in IECs (P<0.05). The significance of this study is to find the ATPase inhibitors for NBD region of CaABC gene and to inhibit ATP binding and nutrient transport of CaABC transporter. Thus, C. andersoni will be killed by inhibition of nutrient uptake. This will open up a new way for treatment of cryptosporidiosis.
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/*chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Calcium/metabolism ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Cryptosporidiosis/parasitology ; Cryptosporidium/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Humans ; Iron/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Protozoan Proteins/*chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Sequence Alignment

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of irradiation on the susceptibility of radiation caries.

METHODSThe structures of 56 teeth enamel and dentin of 63 roots were observed using SEM and the collagen fibre and the resistance to the acid were also investigated after irradiation of 30 Gy, 50 Gy and 70 Gy.

RESULTSThe enamel structure changes were found after irradiation with different doses. The significant difference was found in the enamel changes between high or middle dose group and low dose group or control. The dentin morphology changed, some collagen fibre vanished and resistance to acid was reduced after irradiation with 50 Gy and 70 Gy.

CONCLUSIONSThe radiation reduced the resistance of teeth to the acid and increased the caries susceptibility.

Acids ; chemistry ; Dental Caries ; etiology ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Dental Enamel ; chemistry ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure ; Dentin ; chemistry ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects

Receptors play a crucial role in determining the host specificity and tissue tropism of virus. Foot-and-mouth disease virus(FMDV)has been showed to use four integrins, ?v?1, ?v?3, ?v?6 and ?v?8 as receptors to initiate infection and ?v?6 functions as the major receptor.The cDNA encoding bactrian camel integrin ?6 from the lung tissue was cloned and sequenced. The 2367bp cDNA of bactrian camel integrin ?6 encodes a polypeptide of 788 amino acids consisting of a 26-residue putative signal peptide, a 681-residue ectodomain with 8 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and 58 cysteine residues, a 29-residue transmembrane domain, and a 52-residue cytoplasmic domain with a NPLY motif and 1 potential N-linked glycosylation site. The nucleotide sequence similarity of integrin ?6 between bactrian camel and cattle, pig, sheep, human, mouse, Norway rat is 91.1%、91.8%、90.6%、90.5%、83.7%、84.1%, and the amino acid sequence similarity is 94.3%、93.4%、93.4%、93.7%、88.7%、88.6%, respectively. The bactrian camel ?6 gene exhibited the higher sequence homology with the ?6 gene of cattle, pig and sheep, indicating their close genetic relationships. It is possible that host tropism of FMDV may related to divergence in ?6 receptors among different species.

BACKGROUND: Plating ankle arthrodesis includes anterior and lateral plating methods, but there is some lack of knowledge about their differences in biomechanics. OBJECTIVE: To establish the three-dimensional models of anterior and lateral plating ankle arthrodesis through three-dimensional finite element technique, simulate human gait, and to analyze its biomechanical stability and safety. METHODS: The geometrical morphology of ankle joint was reconstructed based on the normal human ankle CT data. The models of anterior and lateral plating ankle arthrodesis were established using finite element analysis software Abaqus 2016, and the biomechanical changes after exerting stress at the positions of intorsion,extorsion, dorsiflexion, and neutral were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The maximal displacement and stress distribution under different stress were compared between two models by three-dimensional element analysis, and there was no significant difference in the stability between two models. (2) The abilities of resistance to intorsion and dorsiflexion stresses of the lateral plating model were slightly better than those of the anterior plating model, but the resistance to extorsion stress of the lateral plating model was lower than that of the anterior plating model; the stress peak both concentrated on the plate-screw connections. (3) The plate, screw and bone mass of the anterior plating model showed the maximum stress peak under intorsion stress, and broken plates and nails usually occur. (4) The lateral plating presented with peak stress under extorsion stress.

Objective To evaluate the status and equity of resource allocation for community vaccination services in Zhejiang Province.Methods A descriptive analysis was conducted,and Gini coefficient and Theil index were used to analyze the reasonableness and the demographic equity of resource allocation for community vaccination services in Zhejiang Province in 2013.Results The Gini coefficient of vaccination clinic and clinic staff based on population distribution in Zhejiang Province were 0.403 6 and 0.355 4,respectively.The total Theil index of vaccination clinic and clinic staff were 0.204 4 and 0.207 1,respectively.Both vaccination clinic and clinic staff,Theil index within the region were far higher than inter -regional Theil index.Conclusion The demographic equity of resource allocation for community vaccination services in Zhejiang Province should be improved.The disparity within the region is the main reason of unequal in resource allocation for community vaccination service.

Objective To evaluate the economic effect of new strategy for preventing poliomyelitis in Zhejiang Province. Methods Based on the population of Zhejiang Province in 2016, cost-effectiveness ratio (CER) , benefit-cost ratio (BCR), and net benefit (NB) were applied to calculate the health economic difference for the new strategy and the original strategy as compared to no vaccination strategy. Univariate sensitivity analysis was used to assess the robustness of results with main parameters; including burdens of poliomyelitis, cost of vaccines, and the vaccination program itself, and the discount rate. Results CERdisease, CERdeath, BCR and NB for the new strategy were 1:52700 RMB Yuan per case, 1:1813700 RMB Yuan per case, 12.26 and 796.6622 million and CERdisease, CERdeath, BCR and NB for the original strategy were 1 :32900 RMB Yuan per case, 1 :1133900 RMB Yuan per case, 19.58 and 823.1753 million, respectively. The results of the univariate sensitivity analysis with main parameters were robust. Conclusion The new strategy for preventing poliomyelitis is necessary for this period of the global polio eradication. Though the new strategy appears not as good as the original strategy on economic evaluation, its health economic benefit is significant.