Clinical and statistical observation was made on outpatient inpatients and operations in Urology Department of the Capital Army Hospital during the period from Jan., 1962 to Dec. 1963 and the results (1) Clinical statistics on outpatients. 1) Total outpatient were 2213 cases, 2179 males and U females, and the male to female ratio was 64.1:1. 2) The number of outpatient increased in winter and decreased in summer. 3) According to age distribution, the majority of the patients (96.2%) where between 21 and 40 years of age. 4) The most common diseases were urethritis (35.7%) showing annual increase, while redundant prepuce, urolithiasis, injury of genito-urinary tract, nonspecific epididymitis and hydrocele, showing annual decrease. 5) Renal tuberculosis showed annual decrease and tuberculous epididymitis, annual increase. (II) Clinical statistics on inpatients. 1) The inpatients during 2 years were 241 cases which comprised10.9% of total outpatients. The male inpatients stood for 11% of total outpatient and the female inpatients, 5.9%. 2) The most common disease were renal tuberculosis, hydrocele, non-specific epididymitis, stones of kidney and ureter, tuberculous epididymitis, urethral rupture and scrotal hematoma. (III) Clinical statistics on operations. The number of total operations were 640 during 2 years. Circumcision comprised 34.0% of total operations, vasectomy, 30.6% Nephrectomy, 6.1% ; epididymectomy, 6.1%, hydrocelectomy, 4.1% and plastic surgery of urethra, 2.3%. One case of Bricker's operation was performed.
Age Distribution ; Circumcision, Male ; Epididymitis ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hospitals, Military* ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Kidney ; Korea* ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Outpatients* ; Rupture ; Seoul* ; Surgery, Plastic ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urethritis ; Urolithiasis ; Urology* ; Vasectomy

No abstract available.
Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of intraoperative 0.2 mg/ml mitomycin C application on the success of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy. METHODS: One hundred patients (121 eyes) were randomly divided into two groups. Group A (50 patients, 59 eyes) was treated with 0.2 mg/ml mitomycin C application during endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy and group B (50 patients, 62 eyes) was operated without application of mitomycin C. In group A, mitomycin C soaked cotton swabs were applied to the osteotomy site for five minutes. The surgical success was defined as either symptom free from epiphora or good passage of syringing. RESULTS: After the follow-up period of 6~24 months (mean 10.2 months), average diameter of mucosal osteum measured 1.17+/-0.52 mm in group A and 1.00+/-0.61 mm in group B. Granuloma around mucosal osteum was noted in 20 eyes of group A and in 31 eyes of group B. Primary success rate was 93.2% in group A and 82.3% in group B. There was no significant difference in mucosal osteum size or success rate between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Adjunctive use of intraoperative mitomycin C may be useful to maintain larger osteotomy size and provide better success rate of endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy.
Dacryocystorhinostomy* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Mitomycin* ; Osteotomy

A rare case of uterine lipoleiomyoma is reported with presentation of computed tomography, histomorphologic and immunohistochemical findings. This tumor is predominantly lipomatous with an admixture of smooth muscle fiber and hyalinized fibrous tissue. Immunohistochemical study revealed a positive reaction of S-100 protein in fat cells and desmin in smooth muscle fibers. Its histogenesis also has been discussed.

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that brief periods of calcium depletion and repletion (calcium-free preconditioning, CP) have cardioprotective effects as seen in ischemic preconditioning(IP) which enhances the recovery of post-ischemic contractile dysfunction and reduces the incidence of reperfusion-induced arrhythmia or infarct size after a prolonged ischemia. In the present study, we tested this paradoxical phenomenon in isolated rabbit hearts. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Hearts isolated from New Zealand white rabbits(1.5~2.0 Kg body weight) were perfused with Tyrode solution using the Langendorff technique. After stabilizing the baseline hemodynamics, the hearts were subjected to 45 minutes of global ischemia followed by 120 minutes of reperfusion with IP(IP group, n=7) or without IP (ischemic control group, n=7). IP was induced by a single episode of 5 minutes global ischemia and 10 minutes reperfusion. In the CP group(n=7), the hearts were subjected to perfusion with Tyrode solution with calcium depletion for 5 minutes and repletion for 10 minutes, and 45 minutes of ischemia and 120 minutes of reperfusion. Left ventricular function including developed pressure, dP/dt, heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and coronary flow was measured. Infarct size was determined by staining with 1% triphenyltetrazolium chloride and planimetry. Data were analyzed by a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post-hoc test. RESULT: In comparison with the ischemic control group, IP significantly enhanced the recovery of the left ventricular function including the left ventricular developed pressure, contractility, and coronary flow; in contrast, these functional parameters of the CP group tended to be lower than those of the ischemic control group. However, the infarct size was significantly reduced by IP or CP(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that in isolated Langendorff-perfused rabbit heart model, CP(induced by single episode of 5 minutes calcium depletion and 10 minutes repletion) could not improve.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Calcium ; Heart ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Incidence ; Ischemia ; New Zealand ; Perfusion ; Reperfusion ; Ventricular Function, Left

Diabetic mastopathy is a rare disease that occurs in long-term insulin-dependent diabetic patient. It manifests as a hard palpable breast mass that may be clinically indistinguishable from a breast carcinoma. Mammography shows a non-specific, dense, heterogenous glandular opacity in both breasts. Sonography shows a markedly hypoechoic, ill-marginated mass with a posterior acoustic shadowing. We present the mammography, ultrasonography and MRI findings of a 54-year-old woman with diabetic mastopathy.
Acoustics ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; Rare Diseases ; Shadowing (Histology) ; Ultrasonography

Campomelic syndrome is a very rare skeletal dysplasia with a characteristic pattern of deformity involving the proximal and distal extremities, pelvic and shoulder girdles, thoracic cage and palate. Respiratory compromise often leads to death in early infancy. Etiology has not been determined although evidence suggests genetic heterogeneity. Cytogenetic study revealed high incidence of a 46,XY karyotype in phenotypic females. Recently, we had experienced a case of campomelic dysplasia at amenorrhea 30weeks and termination was done, so we report with a brief review of literature.
Amenorrhea ; Campomelic Dysplasia* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Cytogenetics ; Extremities ; Female ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Incidence ; Karyotype ; Palate ; Shoulder

BACKGROUND: Inferior myocardial infarctions account for 40-50% of all acute myocardial infarctions and are generally viewed as having a more favorable prognosis than anterior wall infarctions. However, nearly 50% of patients suffering inferior infarction will have complications such as heart block, concomitant precordial ST-segment depression and right ventricular infarction or distinguishing features associated with an increased mortality that will substantially alter an otherwise favorable prognosis. METHODS: Clinical characteristics, electrocardiograms, and angiographic findings of coronary artery were viewed in 47 patients with inferior myocardial infarction. Significant ST-segment change was defined as > or =0.1mV horizontal or down sloping depression in acute inferior myocardial infarction patients with ST-segment elevation on leads II, III, aVF measured with reference to the TP segment, 80ms after J point. A group=no precordial ST-segment depression. B group=sum of ST-segment depression in leads V1 to V3 equal to or more than the sum of ST-segment depression in leads V4 to V6. C group=maximal precordial ST-segment depression in leads V4 to V6. RESULTS: 1) Incidence of multi-vessel disease in group A and in group B were 23% and 22%, respectively, compared with 60% for those of group C(p<0.05). 2) Incidence of Killip class III and IV rates in patients with group A and B were 8% and 12%, respectivly, compared with 47% for those patients with group C(p<0.05). 3) No significant difference of sex, age, peak CK level were found among three groups(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction with the maximal ST-segment depression in leads V4 to V6 would be at high risk for congestive heart failure and multi-vessel disease.
Coronary Vessels ; Depression* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Block ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infarction ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Mortality ; Myocardial Infarction ; Prognosis

BACKGROUND: Reciprocal ST-segment depression in precordial leads is a common finding in acute inferior myocardial infarction. The responsible mechanism and the significance of this finding, however, are still controversial. METHODS: From January 1991 to December 1994, 38 patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction were treated at the Department of Internal Medicine in Kyung Hee University Hospital. Clinical characteristics, serial electrocardiograms, and angiographic findings of coronary artery and left ventriculography, echocardiography were reviewed. Reciprocal ST-segment depression was defined as ST-segment depression>or=1.0mm in two or more adjacent precordial leads(V1-V3) in patients with acute inferior myocardial infarction showing ST-segment elevation in II, III, aVF. Coronary angiography and echocardiography were performed within 24 hours from admission. In this study, angiographic distribution score was used to define the perfusion territory causing inferior ischemia. RESULTS: 1) The summation of ST-segment elevation in II, III, aVF leads was significantly more higher in group H than group A (P<0.05). 2) However, the angiographic distribution score, peak CK levels, in-hospital complications and ejection fraction showed no difference between two groups (P>0.05). 3) There were no evidence of anterior wall motion abnormality in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the S'I'- segment depression on the precordial leads in acute myocardial infarction can be explained mainly by benign reciprocal electrical change.
Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression* ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction* ; Internal Medicine ; Ischemia ; Myocardial Infarction ; Perfusion

BACKGROUND: Clinical trials have shown that b-adrenergic blocking drugs are effective and well tolerated in patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure. Carvedilol is a mild b1-selective adrenergic blocking agent with vasodilating properties due to a blocker and antioxidant and anti-proliferative properties. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of carvedilol in patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure caused by idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. METHODS: We enrolled 27 patients with moderate to severe congestive heart failure with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 35% by MUGA scan. Each patient was randomly assigned to either control (n-9) or carvedilol (n-18, target dose 25 mg bid) for 6 months while background therapy with digoxin, diuretics, and ACE inhibitor remained constant. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, patients in the carvedilol group showed significant increase of left ventricular ejection fraction (p<0.05). In addition, patients in the carvedilol group had a tendency to show a decrease in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and heart rate. Also, the carvedilol group had a greater frequency of symptomatic improvement than the control group. There was neither serious side effects nor hospitalization. CONCLUSION: These finding indicate that carvedilol produces important clinical benefits in patients with moderate to severe heart failure treated with digoxin, diuretics, and ACE inhibitor without serious side effects.
Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; Digoxin ; Diuretics ; Heart Failure* ; Heart Rate ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Stroke Volume