According to the requirement of subject structuring and specific development,this paper combine with the teaching experience of fermentology course to make a preliminary discussion about how to reform teaching material、teaching method and practice content.

Objective: To explore the relationship between coxsackie-adenovirus receptor(CAR)expression and the infection efficiency of adenovirus vector in gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma through regulating CAR expression on cells surface via inhibition of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.Methods: Western blotting analysis was used to examine CAR expression in hepatocellular carcinoma cells(SMMC-7721 and HepG_2)before and after treatment with U0126,inhibitor of Raf/MEK/ERK signal transduetion.SMMC-7721 and HepG_2 were infected by a non-replicating,E1 A-deleted adenovirus expressing EGFP(Ad-GFP).FACS was used to analyze the infection efficiency of Ad before and after U0126 treatment. Results: The expression of CAR on cell surface had an increasing tendency after treatment with U0126.FACS analysis showed significantly increased infectivity of cells treated with the MEK inhibitor U0126 compared with untreated cells: SMMC-7721,(71.65?6.21)%→(86.54?5.70)%,HepG_2,(77.53?4.62)%→(87.06?2.83)%,when infected with Ad-GFP at the same MOI(10 MOI).Conclusion: The inhibition of Raf/MEK/ERK pathway by U0126 may up-regulate the expression of CAR in some hepatocellular carcinoma cells,which subsequently enhances the susceptibility of adenovirus infection to target cells.

Two monoclonal antibodies of anti-mouse pancreatic cancer, 2B_6and 2B~(10), were purified by the use of salt fractionation-exchange chromatography(DEAE-52) or affinity chromatography from culture supernatants and mice ascites of the hybridomas. After assayed by the use of SDS-PAGE and labeled with FITC, they were used to analyse related antigen site of 35 tissue samples of several human tumor by means of direct-fluorescence method. There was an intense positive reaction between 2B_(10)and 4 samples of gastric cancer. 2B_6or 2B_(10)and 3 tissur samples of ovary cancer and 1 clonal cell of ovary cancer also had intense positive reaction. These results showed that there exist common tumor antigen in both human and mice.

Astrocytes are the most abundant neuronal cells in the central nervous system.It plays an important physiological role.In the process of cerebral ischemia,astrocyte activation is one of the major changes in the central nervous system.The activated astrocytes can play a neuroprotective role through the mechanisms such as maintaining ionic balance,regulating energy metabolism,removing excitatory amino acids,against oxidative stress,and secreting neuroprotective substances.However,astrocyte activation after cerebral ischemia also has its disadvantage.This article reviews the neuroprotective and damage roles of astrocyte activation during cerebral ischemia.It also investigates its regulatory mechanisms in order to provide new ideas for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Objective To investigate the effect of CD147 monoclonal antibody (mAb) on the natural resistance to paclitaxel (TAX) in the human cervical cancer line (HCE1) multicellular spheroid (HCE1/MCS) model and if CD147 mAb can reverse the HCE1/MCS resistance to TAX. Methods HCE1/MCS was obtained by liquid overlay and rotating technique. HCE1/MCS morphological changes were observed before or after the interference of CD147 mAb. The effects of TAX on HCE1/MCS (including inhibition ratio, IC50 and index of multicellular resistance) before or after CD147 mAb treatment were determined by the method of WST-1 and the inhibition ratio curve was mapped. Cell cycle and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometer (FCM). The expression of CD147 and P-gp of both HCE1/MC and HCE1/MCS was detected by immunocytochemistry. Results HCE1/MCS was established successfully. CD147 mAb could inhibit HCE1/MCS from forming spheroids. CD147 mAb could enhance the sensitivity of HCE1/MCS to TAX. IC50 in different concentrations of CD147 mAb (5,10,20 μg/mL) HCE1/MCS group were (40.31±3.73), (32.43±1.56), and (30.69±1.01) μg/mL. CD147 mAb resulted in G1/G0 arrest in HCE1/MCS. CD147 mAb of low concentrations (0-10 μg/mL) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of HCE1/MCS (P<0.05). Combined with TAX, CD147 mAb could also induce HCE1/MCS cell cycle arrest in both G1/S and G2/M stage. The expression of CD147 and P-gp was consistent in HCE1/MCS groups. Conclusion CD147 plays an important role in muliticellular resistance of cervical cancer and inhibition of CD147 can synergistically reverse the multicellular drug resistance (MCR) in cervical cancer. The MCR of HCE1/MCS mediated by CD147 is related to P-gp.

The necessity of bibliotherapy for breast cancer patients after operation was analyzed, the methods of bibliotherapy for breast cancer patients after operation were described with certain measures put forward to overcome the difficulties in bibliotherapy by establishing bibliotherapy team, selecting bibliography , popularizing bibliotherapy , and designing bibliotherapy forms.

Objective To investigate the value of guidance and clinical significance of enteral nutritional support therapy using a joint of nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS2002) and a screening tool for controlling nutritional status (CONUT) after radical resection of colorectal cancer.Methods The clinical data of 180 patients who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer at the Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between June 2012 and June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Seventy patients with scores of NRS 2002 ≥ 3 were allocated into the A group including 40 with enteral nutritional support therapy in the A1 group and 30 without enteral nutritional support therapy in the A2 group, 60 patients with scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and negative CONUT was allocated into the B group including 30 with enteral nutritional support therapy in the B1 group and 30 without enteral nutritional support therapy in the B2 group, 50 patients with scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and positive CONUT was allocated into the C group including 25 with enteral nutritional support therapy in the Cl group and 25 without enteral nutritional support therapy in the C2 group.The nutritional status of patients was evaluated using a joint of NRS 2002 and CONUT.There was nutritional risk in patients with scores of NRS 2002≥3 or scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and positive CONUT and no nutritional risk in patients with scores of NRS 2002 ＜ 3 and negative CONUT.Patients and their families would choose whether or not to undergo enteral nutritional support therapy after the risks being informed.Enteral nutritional support therapy included tube feeding enteral nutrition or oral nutriments with calories ≥41.84 k J/(kg · d) for more than 3 days.Observed indicators: (l)Nutritional indicators included fasting serum albumin (Alb), prealbumin and transferrin before operation, at postoperative day 1 and day 7.(2)Postoperative recovery included time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s, comparison among groups was analyzed using the t test and repeated measures ANOVA, and count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results Patients in A, B and C groups had good tolerance without abdominal pain, abdominal distension and diarrhea.Comparisons of nutritional indicators: the levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the A1 group were (29 ±4)g/L, (0.25 ±0.06)g/L and (2.0 ±0.4)g/L before operation, (27 ±4)g/L, (0.19 ± 0.07) g/L, (1.7 ± 0.4) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (33 ± 5) g/L, (0.27 ± 0.05) g/L and (1.9 ± 0.3) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.The levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the A2 group were (29 ±5)g/L, (0.24 ±0.04)g/L and(2.0 ±0.4)g/L before operation, (27 ±4) g/L, (0.18 ±0.05)g/L and (1.7 ± 0.4) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (26 ± 4) g/L, (0.16 ± 0.04) g/L and (1.8 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.There were significant differences in the changing trends of the above 3 indicators between the 2 groups (F =3.256, 6.642, 7.152, P ＜0.05).The levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the B1 group were (37 ± 4) g/L, (0.28 ± 0.05) g/L and (2.0 ± 0.3) g/L before operation, (36 ± 4) g/L, (0.21 ± 0.06) g/L and (1.7 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (38 ± 4) g/L, (0.30 ± 0.05) g/L and (1.9 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.The levels of fasting serum Alb, prealbumin and transferrin in the B2 group were (36 ±4)g/L, (0.28 ±0.06)g/L and (2.1 ±0.4)g/L before operation, (36 ±3)g/L,(0.23 ±0.04)g/L and (1.7 ±0.4)g/L at postoperative day 1 and (37 ±4)g/L, (0.22 ±0.07)g/L and (1.8 ± 0.5) g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.There was no significant difference in the changing trends of the above 3 indicators between the 2 groups (F =1.562, 0.625, 2.223, P ＞ 0.05).The levels of fasting serum Alb,prealbumin and transferrin in the C1 group were (28 ± 4) g/L, (0.35 ± 0.06) g/L and (2.1 ± 0.4) g/L before operation, (26 ±4)g/L, (0.17 ± 0.07)g/L and (1.7 ± 0.4)g/L at postoperative day 1 and (34 ± 5)g/L,(0.35 ±0.05)g/L and (1.8 ± 0.3)g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.The levels of fasting serum Alb,prealbumin and transferrin in the C2 group were(28 ± 5)g/L, (0.34 ± 0.04)g/L and (2.0 ± 0.4)g/L before operation, (26 ± 4) g/L, (0.16 ± 0.05) g/L and (1.7 ± 0.4) g/L at postoperative day 1 and (25 ± 4) g/L,(0.16 ±0.04) g/L and (1.8 ±0.5)g/L at postoperative day 7, respectively.There were significant differences in the changing trends of the above 3 indicators between the 2 groups (F =5.625, 4.225, 8.221, P ＜0.05).Postoperative recovery: time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay were (1.9 ± 0.5) days, (2.3 ± 0.5) days, (8.6 ± 1.2) days, (14.7 ± 1.1) days in the A1 group and (3.0 ± 0.5) days, (4.5 ± 0.6) days, (11.4 ± 2.2) days, (17.8 ± 1.3) days in the A2 group, respectively,with significant differences between the 2 groups (t =-0.644,-12.200,-8.710,-11.650, P ＜ 0.05).Time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay were (1.2 ± 0.3)days, (3.2 ±0.7)days, (10.3 ± 1.4)days, (14.7 ±2.0)days in the B1 group and (1.5 ±0.5)days, (3.7 ± 0.6) days, (11.0 ± 1.2) days, (16.1 ± 1.5) days in the B2 group, respectively, with no significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-1.929,-1.033,-1.019,-1.171, P ＞0.05).Time to anal exsufflation, time of defecation, time for semifluid diet intake and duration of hospital stay were (1.8 ± 0.7) days, (2.1 ± 0.5) days,(7.6±1.2)days, (13.9 ±1.2)days in the C1 group and (3.1 ±0.5)days, (4.5 ±0.7)days, (11.4±2.4)days,(17.6 ± 1.3) days in the C2 group, respectively, with significant differences between the 2 groups (t =-5.934,-10.950,-10.010,-11.700, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions A joint application of NRS2002 and CONUT after radical resection of colorectal cancer is exact and feasible for evaluating nutritional status of patients and guiding enteral nutritional support therapy.Patients should select nutritional support therapy after operation if there is nutritional risk.The proper nutritional support therapy can improve the postoperative nutritional status of patients with colorectal cancer, enhance the postoperative recovery and reduce the duration of hospital stay.

Oxymatrine is the main effective monomer of Radix Sophorae flavescentis( Kushen) , which has a variety of pharma-cological actions and valuable clinical applications. Recently, there are many reports about molecular mechanisms of oxymatrine pharmacological actions, giving highly attention to the anti-in-flammatory, anti-fibrosis and antineoplastic effects. These effects are achieved through resisting of oxidation and free radical, anti- ＜br> virus, and affecting the secretion of inflammatory factor and ap-optosis and so on. This article summarizes the reports on the mo-lecular mechanism of the protection on liver, cardiovascular sys-tem, endocrine system and nervous system, hoping to provide theoretical basis for the practical application.

AIM: To explore the relationship between different timing of vitreous surgery and prognosis after the open globe injuries.
METHODS:Fifty-eight cases (58 eyes) with open globe injuries were chosen in our hospital from June 2011 to June 2013, and randomly divided into observation group and control group to have vitreous surgery in early phase and normal time respectively. Thirty cases ( 30 eyes ) in the observation group were received vitreous surgery during 3d, and 28 cases (28 eyes) in the control group from one to two weeks. The vitreous surgery of two groups of patients were finished by the author herself. The ocular injury before surgery, the effect of surgery treatment and the incidence of complications after surgery of the two groups of patients were compared.
RESULTS: The eye damage situation such as lens rupture, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment and corneal laceration of two groups of patients before surgery were no significant statistical difference ( P >0.05). The postoperative therapeutic effect of observation group was better than the control group (χ2=6. 869, P<0.05 ); the postoperative complications of observation group was obviously lower than the control group (P<0. 05). CONCLUSION: The timing of vitreous surgery of patients with open globe injuries correlate with the prognosis, which prompts that better therapeutic effect can be achieved and the occurrence of complications can be reduced in early vitreous surgery of the patients with open globe injuries.

The article describes the characteristics of the mode of how to strengthen the construction of the intensive curricula.It gives some ideas according to existing problems.