Objective To study the relationship of implicit memory and amnesia effect of oral midazolarn premedication and toobserve its anterograde amnesia, the effect on short-term memory and the onset time and out come of retrograde amnesia. Methods60 patients with ASA I - Ⅱ status undergoing abdomen and limb operations were divided into 3 groups with 20 cases each. Group A:oral midazolam 7.5mg;Group B:oral 15mg;Group C:placebo. The patients received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia after oral midazolam. The parameterns of EEG, SEF 95 %, BISwere collected at the same time and the degree and remark of sedation were dome according to OAA/S. The amnesia and implicit memory were investigated with pictures and muddy identified hearing rate 6 hours after operation. Results (1)Twenty min following drug ad dministration the remarks of sedation of group A and B were significantly loWver than that before and that of group C, Which was not significently different between group A and B. ( 2)The amnesia rates tested six hrs after surgery were significantly higher at 30min in group A, 20min in group B than those before treatment and were kept at 70%-80% levels, which in group C was remained zero. (3)The muddy identified hearing rate was not different significantly, among the three groups. (4) The short-term memory was all 100%during the period of drug action. (5)BIS and SEF 95% Were lower 30min after the treatment and all kept at 80 Hz and 20 Hz, which were not different remarkably between group A and B. ConclnsionOral midazolam 7. 5mg has a good effect on anterograde amnesia 30min after treatment, which may not be improved with increament in dosage. It does not lead to retrograde amnesia. The long-term memory, but not short-term memory, was impaired by midazolam. It only affects the explicit memory. Oral premnedication with midazolam can not prevent the awareness during operation totally.

A case of morphea affecting 22 years old female, who has been suffering from the atrophic, grayishwhite plaques which distributed along the left 8th intercostal nerve area is presented.
Female ; Humans ; Intercostal Nerves ; Scleroderma, Localized* ; Young Adult

Biomarkers, Tumor ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; chemistry ; genetics ; Precancerous Conditions ; chemistry ; genetics

Objective To examine the inhibitory effect of Chinese herbal Compound Dongju on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4NQO)-induced tongue carcinogenesis in rats. Methods A total of 85 Wistar rats were divided into four groups: model group(n=35),administration group(n=35),normal control group(n=5) and herb control group(n=10).4NQO dissolved in drinking water was administered orally to induce tongue carcinogenesis in rats.The herb compound was injected into the stomach of the rats during oral carcinogenesis.Rats were sacrificed at 9,13,20,24 and 32 weeks from the beginning of the experiment.The tongues of the rats were dissected for gross and histological assessment,and SP immunohistochemical method was also employed to detect the expression of cyclin D1 in the specimens. Results Compared with the model group,the incidence of dysplasia and the positive rate of cyclin D1 were suppressed by Compound Dongju(P

[Objective]To explore the dependability between heredity and hallux valgus.[Method]A total(1 491) cases of family heredity of hallux valgus patients were investigated,the ages of these patients,ages of onset,ages of aggravation,hallux valgus angles were analyzed statistically.[Result]Conclusive family medical history exists in 69.48% of the(1 491) hallux valgus patients.There was distinguished difference between the patients with family history and those without heredity background on visiting ages,ages of onset,ages of aggravation;but no any difference between these two groups of patients on hallux valgus angles.[Conclusion]Heredity factor is the main cause of hallux valgus.It can influence only the onset of hallux valgus,but not the severe degree of latter.The patients with family history are earlier than those without heredity background about visiting ages,ages of onset,ages of aggravation.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of current, voltage and pH of donor chamber solution on the iontophoretic transport of ciprofloxacin. METHODS: An in vitro study was carried out to determine the iontophoretic permeability of ciprofloxacin through pig skin. Iontophoretic flux of ciprofloxacin through excised pig skin was determined using Valia-Chien two chamber diffusion cells. The permeability enhancement ratios in donor chamber solution of different pH under different currents and voltages were also measured. RESULTS: Iontophoretic flux of ciprofloxacin increased with increasing current and voltage. The effect of ciprofloxacin solution pH in the donor chamber on the iontophoretic transport was observed. When the pH of ciprofloxacin solution was 3.5, there was good iontophoretic permeability. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that electrical factor and pH of the donor chamber solution may be important factors for the iontophoretic permeability of ciprofloxacin.

Pneumoconiosis is the most common occupational disease in China, which severely endangers people's health. Depending on the inhaled air pollutants, pneumoconiosis is classified as anthracosis, silicosis, asbestosis, etc., among which silicosis is the most common and serious. Silicosis is a systemic, poor prognostic disease characterized by diffuse fibrosis of lung tissue, which is caused by long-term exposure to dust with high levels of free silicon dioxide (SiO₂) in the occupational environment. Appropriate treatment in time is important for the disease. Unfortunately, no effective drugs have been approved to delay or even reverse pulmonary fibrosis caused by SiO₂. This review briefly classifies potent therapeutic drugs and compounds in term of mechanisms, providing the probability for clinical treatment of silicosis.

OBJECTIVETo analyze causes of missed diagnosis of hiding post-malleolar fractures in treating ankle joint fractures of pronation-external rotation type according to Lauge-Hansen classification and assess its medium-term outcomes.

METHODSAmong 103 patients with ankle joint fracture of pronation-external rotation type treated from March 2002 to June 2010,9 patients were missed diagnosis,including 6 males and 3 females,with a mean age of 35.2 years old (ranged, 18 to 55 years old) . Four patients were diagnosed during operation, 2 patients were diagnosed 2 or 3 days after first surgery and 3 patients came from other hospital. All the patients were treated remedially with lag screws and lock plates internal fixation. After operation,ankle joint function was evaluated according to American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS).

RESULTSAll the 9 patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 14 to 30 months (averaged, 17 months). No incision infection was found, and all incision healed at the first stage. At the latest follow-up, AOFAS was 83.0 +/- 4.4, the score of 4 patients diagnosed during operation was 85.0 +/- 2.9, and the score of 5 patients treated by secondary operation was 81.0 +/- 5.3. All the patients got fracture union observed by X-ray at a mean time of 2.2 months after operation. There were no complications such as internal fixation loosing, broken and vascular or nerve injuries.

CONCLUSIONAnkle joint fracture of pronation-external rotation type may be combined with hiding post-malleolar fractures. So to patients with ankle joint fracture of pronation-external rotation type, lateral X-ray should be read carefully, and if necessary, CT or MRI examination should be performed. If adding lateral X-ray examination after reduction of exterior and interior ankle joint fixation, the missed diagnosis may be avoided.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankle Fractures ; False Negative Reactions ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pronation ; Rotation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Twins

Objective To analyze retrospectively the correlation between the difficult airway and thyromental height by three-dimensional reconstruction among the Chinese. Methods Eithty patients who had been scanned by helical CT in the head and neck were allocated into two groups according to Cormack-Lehane grading:paients with Ⅰ-Ⅱ grade were allocated into group 1, and paients with Ⅲgrade were allocated into group 2. Reconstructed images were obtained by AW4.4 workstation and the following parameters were recorded and analyzed:the length from the oral to the under jaw(a), the length from the under jaw to the skin of the neck (b), the vertical distance from the under jaw to the neck was equal to thyromental height(c), the vertical distance from the oral to the cervical vertebra(d), the angle with the under jaw as the vertices and with two lines (a and b) for edge (angle ofα). Results The c value in two groups had no significant difference:(3.97 ± 0.82) cm vs. (3.64 ± 0.62) cm, P>0.05. The d value in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1:(8.69 ± 0.48) cm vs. (8.25 ± 0.80) cm, P<0.05. The c/d value and c/a value in group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1: 0.42 ± 0.07 vs. 0.48 ± 0.12, 0.80 ± 0.18 vs. 0.95 ± 0.25, P<0.05. Conclusions Thyromental height by three-dimensional reconstruction has no significant differences in evaluating the difficult airway among the Chinese. The ratio of the vertical distance from the under jaw to the neck and the vertical distance from the oral to the cervical vertebra, and the ratio of the vertical distance from the under jaw to the neck and the length from the oral to the under jaw shows negative correlation with difficult airway.