No abstract available.
Appendicitis*

No abstract available.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli*

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is a rare sex-cord stromal tumor of the ovary and accounts for less than 0.5% of all ovarian tumors. It is among the most fascinating from pathologic and clinical viewpoints in masculinization. We experience an unusual case of a poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor in 60-year-old woman who showed masculinization and present it with brief review of literature.
Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Ovary* ; Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor*

Statistical observation was made on the 1949 patients with cardiovascular diseases who had been treated in Dept. of Internal Medicine, Seoul national University Hospital during the period of four years, from jan. 1972 to Dec. 1975. 1) The patients wth cardiovascular diseases accounted for 20.2% out of total 9,638 medical inpatients. The incidence for the consecutive years was not apparently variable. 2) The diseases occured most frequently in the sixth decades and the incidence decreased in the order of fifth and seventh decades. 3) The disease was more prevalent in male than female with ratio of 1.3 of 1. 4) The hypertension was the most common disease among cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 67.5% of patients with cardiovascular diseases and 13.6% of total medical inpatients. The disease occurred most frequently in the sixth decades and the incidence decreased in the order of fifth and seventh decades with male preponderance. 81.8% of patients with hypertension was essential hypertension and 18.2% was secondary hypertension. Secondary hypertension was caused by parenchylmal renal diseases in most patients and there were only several patients with renovascular and endocrine hypertension. 40.2% of patients with essential hypertension had no complications, 38.6% had cerebral vascular accidents, 12.1% had uremia and 9.1% had congestive heart failure. The patients with malignant hypertension was 9.6% of total patients with hypertension. 5) Rheumatic heart disease was 14% of patients with cardiovascular diseases, being second in incidence. It was more prevalent in female than male with ratio of 1 male to 1.3 female and affected the mitral valve in most of the cases, whereas involvement of aortic valve was rare. 6) The coronary heart disease was 5.3% of patients with cardiovascular diseases, being third in incidence. It occured most frequently in seventh and sixth decades and affected male two times more frquently than female. 7) The congenital heart disease was 2.9% of patients with cardiovascular diseases, of which atrial septal defect was highest in incidence. 8) The cor-pulmonale was 1.4%, pericarditis 1.4%, endocarditis 0.9%, postpartum heart disease 1.2%, myxedematous heart disease 0.2%, arrhythmia 2.1%, peripheral vascular disease 1.1% and miscellaneous 0.6% of patients with cardiovascular diseases. 9) Postpartum heart failure and endocarditis was remarkably decreased in incidence recently and there were one patients with beriberi heart disease and one patient with syphilitic heart disease during those years of this study.
Aortic Valve ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Beriberi ; Cardiovascular Diseases* ; Coronary Disease ; Endocarditis ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Diseases ; Heart Failure ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Malignant ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Internal Medicine ; Korea* ; Male ; Mitral Valve ; Pericarditis ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; Postpartum Period ; Rheumatic Heart Disease ; Seoul ; Uremia

Debonding of cement-femoral stem interface has been suggested as a initial focus of loosening mechanism in many previous studies of cemented total hip replacement. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of debonding of cement-femoral stem interface to the cement-bone inter- face by using three-dimensional non-linear finite element analysis. Three cases of partial debonded, full debonded, and full bonded cement-bone interface were modelled with partial bonding of distal 70mm from the tip of femoral stem. Each situation was studied under loading simulating one-leg stanced gait of 68kg patient. The results showed that under partial and full debonded cement-stem interface conditions the peak von Mises stress (3.1 MPa) were observed at the cement of cement-bone interface just under the calcar of proximal medial of femur, and sudden high peak stresses (3.5 MPa) were developed at the distal tip of femoral stem at the lateral bone-cement interface in all 3 cases of bonding. The stresses were transfered very little to the cement of upper lateral bone-cement interface in partial and full debonded cases. Once partial or full debonded cement-femoral stem interface occured, 3 times higher stress concentration were developed on the cement of proximal medial cement-bone interface than full bonded interface, and these could cause loosening of cemented total hip replacement. Clinically, preservation of more rigid cement-femoral stem interface may be important factor to prevent loosening of femoral stem.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Femur ; Finite Element Analysis* ; Gait ; Humans

No abstract available.
Menisci, Tibial*

Pneumocystis carinii is a pulmonary pathogen of immunocompromised humans or other mammals. Its infection results from activation of organisms involved in latent infection or from new infection through the air. Almost all children are known to be infected within 2 to 4 years of birth, though prenatal transplacental transmission has not yet been demonstrated. In this study we observed experimental P. carinii infection in neonatal rats, thus investigating the possibility of transplacental vertical transmission by Diff-Quik staining of the lung impression smears and in-situ hybridization for lung sections. The positive rate of P. carinii infection in immunosuppressed maternal rats was 100%, but that in normal maternal rats was 0%. Cystic forms of P. carinii were observed in three of six 1-week old neonatal rats born of heavily infected mothers, but none of them was positive by in-situ hybridization. Five weeks after birth, cystic forms were detected in four neonatal rats. In the lobes of the lungs, no predilection site of P. carinii was recognized. Counts of cystic forms on smears and the reactivity of in-situ hybridization in the lungs of neonatal rats were significantly lower than in maternal rats. The present findings suggest that P. carinii is rarely transmitted through the placenta and proliferates less successfully in the lungs of neonatal rats than in mothers.
Animal ; Animals, Newborn/microbiology* ; Disease Transmission, Vertical* ; Female ; Immunocompromised Host ; Lung/microbiology ; Male ; Opportunistic Infections/transmission* ; Opportunistic Infections/complications ; Pneumocystis carinii/isolation & purification ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/transmission* ; Pneumonia, Pneumocystis carinii/complications ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUND: For the evaluation of pulmonary nrtery branches after operation of right ventricular outflow obstructive disease, we reviewed the usefulness of both simple X-ray and lung perfusion scan with 99mTc-macroaggregated albumin compared with cardiac angiography. METHODS: From March, 1986 to July, 1993, at Seoul National University Children;s Hospital, we chose 23 cases who underwent both simple X-ray and cardiac angiography among the patients who had distinct difference between right and left pulmonary blood flow in lung perfusion scan after operation of right ventricular outflow obstructive disease. So we calculated the ratio of right and left pulmonary blood flow and Spearman correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Of the 23 cases, 17 cases were tetralogy of Fallot, 4 cases pulmonary atresia, 1 case double outlet right ventricle, and 1 case truncus arteriosus. The mean age at poeration was 27 months, and the mean postoperative follow-up period was for 68 months. The correlation coefficient between cardiac angiography and simple X-ray was 0.86(p<0.01), and that beteen cardiac angiography and lung perfusion scan was 0.80(p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The cardiac angiography has been known as the best diagnostic tool for the evaluation of pulmonary artery branches after operation of right ventricular outflow obstructive ddisease, but we proposed that the lung perfusion scan should be widely used because its results were similar with those of cardiac angiography.
Angiography ; Double Outlet Right Ventricle ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung* ; Perfusion* ; Pulmonary Artery* ; Pulmonary Atresia ; Seoul ; Tetralogy of Fallot ; Truncus Arteriosus

No abstract available.
Fasting* ; Female ; Humans

Cranocsynostosis is the term that designates premature fusion of one or more sutures in either the cranial vault or cranial base. Especially scaphocephaly, brachycephaly and trigonocephaly are included in simple symmetric craniosynostosis. In simple symmetric craniosynostosis, the functional deformity is rare, but deformity in external appearance is always a serious problem. The purpose of forehead reshaping in simple symmetric craniosynostosis is recovery of normal cerebral growth and improvement of cranial cosmetic problem by restoration of normal calvarial anatomic structure. Various surgical methods have Bbeen developed in an effort to correct craniosynostosis. Cranial vault remodeling with or without supraorbital band advancement is a widely accpeted method of correcting simple symmetric craniosynostosis. However, the standardized surgical method has not yet been estabilished in reshaping the forehead during cranial vault remodeling of simple symmetric craniosynostosis. The authors developed a new osteotomy method, the bull's osteotomy, which is a limited osteotomy for cranial vault remodeling. It produces posterior tilting of a prominant forehead as well as increased biparietotemporal distance for effective forehead reshaping. We applied this techriaue in 8 scaphocephaly and 2 brachycephaly patients under 5 years of age who have not yet reached bony consolidation. All patinets obtained satisfactory results with properly corrected deformity and no relapse was observed during the follow-up period. This new osteotomy method is simple and effective and a consistant surgical outcome is expected. particularly the contour of the forehead on the frontotemporal area is corrected to have a smooth and natural curvature. Based on our experience using bull's osteotomy, we offer this new surgical technique for managing simple symmetric cranoisynostosis patients.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Craniosynostoses* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Forehead* ; Humans ; Osteotomy* ; Recurrence ; Skull Base ; Sutures