No abstract available.
Heart Defects, Congenital*

No abstract available.
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular* ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis*

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

PURPOSE: Recent trials of preventive dexamethasone therapy in preterm neonates at high risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) have required the objective criteria for prediction of BPD in the early neonatal period. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a chest radiographic scoring system at 7 days of age can be used to predict BPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs taken at 7 days and 28 days of age in 59 preterm neonates(gestational age of less than 33 weeks) were scored prospectively according to the consensus of two radiologists. The 7-day radiographs were scored according to a system derived from Yuksel's method : endotracheal tube insertion, degree of lung inflation, lung opacification, interstitial changes and cardiomegaly were measured. The radiographs taken at 28 days were scored according to a modification of Toce's method. The BPD group was defined as consisting of patients who needed oxygen therapy for more than 28 days and showed abnormality on chest radiographs. Scores were analysed to determine whether there were any statistical differences between the BPD and non-BPD groups, whether there was a significant correlation between scores at 7 days and 28 days, and whether there was any relationship between scores at 7 days of age and the development of BPD. We tried to determine which factors, as indicated by the scores at 7 days, significantly contributed to the development of BPD. RESULTS: The mean scores at 7 days of age in the BPD group (n=18) were 4.3+/-1.5 (2-7), and those in the non-BPD group (n=41) were 2.2+/-1.2 (0-4). The differences were statistically significant(p<.0001). Significant correlation was found between scores at 7 days and at 28 days of age (r:0.57, p<.0001). Analysis showed that endotracheal tube insertion, cardiomegaly, and degree of interstitial change, as seen on radiographs at 7 days, were factors which significantly contributed to the development of BPD(p<0.05 each). All neonates with a score of 5 or more developedBPD(7/7), while those with a score of less than 2 did not (0/11). CONCLUSION: The chest radiographic scoring system used at 7 days of age can be helpful in predicting the development of BPD. We believe that this system can be used to indicate the need for early preventive steroid therapy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* ; Cardiomegaly ; Consensus ; Dexamethasone ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflation, Economic ; Lung ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

PURPOSE: Recent trials of preventive dexamethasone therapy in preterm neonates at high risk of developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD) have required the objective criteria for prediction of BPD in the early neonatal period. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a chest radiographic scoring system at 7 days of age can be used to predict BPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chest radiographs taken at 7 days and 28 days of age in 59 preterm neonates(gestational age of less than 33 weeks) were scored prospectively according to the consensus of two radiologists. The 7-day radiographs were scored according to a system derived from Yuksel's method : endotracheal tube insertion, degree of lung inflation, lung opacification, interstitial changes and cardiomegaly were measured. The radiographs taken at 28 days were scored according to a modification of Toce's method. The BPD group was defined as consisting of patients who needed oxygen therapy for more than 28 days and showed abnormality on chest radiographs. Scores were analysed to determine whether there were any statistical differences between the BPD and non-BPD groups, whether there was a significant correlation between scores at 7 days and 28 days, and whether there was any relationship between scores at 7 days of age and the development of BPD. We tried to determine which factors, as indicated by the scores at 7 days, significantly contributed to the development of BPD. RESULTS: The mean scores at 7 days of age in the BPD group (n=18) were 4.3+/-1.5 (2-7), and those in the non-BPD group (n=41) were 2.2+/-1.2 (0-4). The differences were statistically significant(p<.0001). Significant correlation was found between scores at 7 days and at 28 days of age (r:0.57, p<.0001). Analysis showed that endotracheal tube insertion, cardiomegaly, and degree of interstitial change, as seen on radiographs at 7 days, were factors which significantly contributed to the development of BPD(p<0.05 each). All neonates with a score of 5 or more developedBPD(7/7), while those with a score of less than 2 did not (0/11). CONCLUSION: The chest radiographic scoring system used at 7 days of age can be helpful in predicting the development of BPD. We believe that this system can be used to indicate the need for early preventive steroid therapy.
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia* ; Cardiomegaly ; Consensus ; Dexamethasone ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflation, Economic ; Lung ; Oxygen ; Prospective Studies ; Radiography, Thoracic* ; Thorax*

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma*

The relationship between the intestinal histopathology and number and position of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) was observed chronologically in the small intestine of rats experimentally infected with Metagonimus yokogawai. Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats were orally infected each with 3,000 metacecariae, and 3 were kept uninfected for controls. Three rats each were sacrificed on the day 5, 10, 15, 24 and 70 post-infection (PI) and samples of the small intestine, 5 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm and 70 cm posterior to the pylorus were taken. The samples were processed routinely and stained with Giemsa. The intestinal histopathology was severe during the day 5-15 PI and characterized by villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and decrease of villus/crypt height ratio. After the day 24 PI, the intestinal lesions showed some tendency of recovery. The number of IEL increased at the early stage of infection, but decreased thereafter to a lower level than that of controls, with progression of the pathological changes. Then, the IEL number began to increase again after the day 24 PI. In control rats, the great majority of the IEL were located at the basal region of the epithelium. During the early stage of infection, however, a considerable proportion of IEL was found to have moved to the intermediate or apical region of the epithelium. From the above results, it is suggested that the change of IEL number and position during the course of M. yokogawai infection should be closely related to the progression and recovery of the intestinal histopathology.
English-Abstract ; Epithelium-pathology ; Rats- ; Rats,-Sprague-Dawley ; Time-Factors ; *Heterophyidae- ; *Intestinal-Diseases,-Parasitic-pathology ; *Intestines-pathology ; *Lymphocytes-pathology ; *Trematode-Infections-pathology

PURPOSE: We evaluated the surgical outcomes and complications of new pediatric intraocular lens in congenital cataract. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out on 29 eyes of 22 patients diagnosed with congenital cataract that underwent optic capture following lens emulsification. New pediatric intraocular lens (LJC 575A, Lucid Korea, Seoul, Korea) implantation into the bag was performed with posterior capsulorrhexis and anterior vitrectomy. RESULTS: After follow-up of 17.79+/-7.08 months, 15 eyes showed a visual acuity of 0.5 or above, and 10 (71.4%) of the 14 eyes showed a visual acuity of 20/470 or above. As for complications, posterior synechia developed in 8 eyes, exudative membrane was found in 3 eyes, iris capture by IOL haptic was found in 1 eye, and slight opacification of posterior capsule was identified in 1 eye. CONCLUSIONS: Use of new 8 mm pediatric intraocular lens in congenital cataract may be considered selectively.
Capsulorhexis ; Cataract* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iris ; Korea ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Membranes ; Retrospective Studies ; Seoul ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate stress in elderly patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD) and to examine validity and reliability of the scale. METHODS: The development process for the preliminary scale included construction of a conceptual framework and initial items, verification of content analysis, sentence correction, and pilot study. This study was conducted using a questionnaire survey with one-to-one interviews during January and February, 2012. Participants were 240 elderly patients with CAD. Data were analyzed using item analysis, factor analysis, criterion related validity, and internal consistency. RESULTS: The developed scale consisted of 32 items and 6 factors - aging and disease (7 items), family relations (5 items), anxiety and withdrawal (9 items), management of daily living (3 items), compliance of medical regimen (4 items), poverty and finance (4 items), and explained 68.5% of total variance. The scale had significantly positive correlation with the Korean Perceived Stress Scale (KPSS). Cronbach's alpha was .96, and Guttman split half coefficient was .91. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that the Stress Scale for Elderly Patients with CAD has validity and reliability, and is a suitable scale in health care settings to assess stress in elderly patients with CAD.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anxiety ; Coronary Artery Disease/*psychology ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Program Development ; Questionnaires ; Socioeconomic Factors ; *Stress, Psychological

No abstract available.
Blood Pressure* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*