BACKGROUND: Oxygen free radicals have been implicated as a cause of deleterious effects in the setting of coronary reperfusion, and they are believed to be generated by the xanthine oxidase system, from activated neutrophiles and from mitochondria. We evaluate the contribution of mitochondria to the production of oxygen free radicals and clarify the mechanism of cellular damage in ischemic reperfused hearts. METHODS: Mitochondria isolated from the ischemic rabbit hearts were incubated in the reaction conditions with different oxygen tensions. Generation of superoxide anion and activities of defensive enzymes aginst oxidative stress were mesured. RESULTS: Superoxide anion genertion by mitochondria incubated in 21% oxygen condition were 0.54+/-0.09 and 0.27+/-0.04(O2./min/mg protein) in ischemic mitochondria and in control respectively(P<0.05). Activites of defensive enzymes against oxidative stress, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, were significantly reduced in mitochondria isolated from either ischemic or reperfused hearts. With the lapse of respiration in 21% oxygen condition, ADP-stimulated state 3 oxygen consumption(306.4+/-31.5 vs 214.4+/-11.4n atoms O/min/mg protein) at 30 minutes, P : O ratio and phosphorylation rate were significantly decreased in ischemic mitochondria. CONCLUSION: Elevation of oxygen free radical generation as well as the reduction of defensive enzyme activities in ischemic reperfused mitochondria are injurious to mitochondrial respiratory function. It may contribute to the mechanism of cellular damage in ischemic reperfused hearts.
Free Radicals ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Heart* ; Mitochondria* ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Neutrophils ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Phosphorylation ; Respiration ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Superoxides* ; Xanthine Oxidase

BACKGROUND: Intracellular calcium overload is a common final feature of the ischemic-reperfused heart and mediates the genesis of irreversible cell damage. Reactive oxygen medabolites have been known to play and important role as toxic mediators in myocardial injuries resulting from ischemia and reperfusion. In order to investigate the mechanism of intracellular calcium accumulation in the ischemic-reperfused myocardium, the present study observed the possible contribution of the reactive oxygen metabolite to the calcium transport of cardiac mitochondria. METHODS: Mitochondrial were isolated from rabbit hearts. The effects of a reactive oxygen metabolite, H2O2 on calcium uptake and release, redox states of endogenous pyridine nucleotides and glutathiones of mitochondria respiring with succinate were observed. Calcium uptake and release were monitored by dual-wave length spectrophotometer using a calcium indicator, arsenaze III. Contents and redox states of pyridine nucleotides and glutathiones were measured by enzymatic methods using spectrofluorometer and HPLC. RESULTS: Hydrogen peroxide(10-500microM) promoted calcium release dose-dependently from CA++-preloaded mitochondria, but did not affect the mitochondrial calcium uptake. The H2O2-induced calcium release was accompanied by simultaneous oxidation of the pyridine nucleotides and decrease in the content of the reduced form of glutathione(GSH). When mitochondria were treated with BCNU(N,N=bis(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosourea) to inhibit glutathione reductase and so as to reduce the GSH content, there were no increase in calcium release from the mitochondria. These results may indicate that H2O2 increases the permeability of cardiac mitochondrial membrane to calcium in association with the changes in redox state of endogenous pyridine nucleotides, but not with that of glutathiones. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the reactive oxygen metabolites induce the release of calcium from mitochondria by altering the redox state of pyridine nucleotides, and it may partly be involved in the elevation of cytosolic calcium concentration in the ischemic-reperfused myocardial cells.
Calcium* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytosol ; Glutathione Reductase ; Heart ; Hydrogen ; Ischemia ; Mitochondria* ; Mitochondrial Membranes ; Myocardium ; Nucleotides ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Oxygen* ; Permeability ; Reperfusion ; Succinic Acid

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Chiroptera* ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese* ; Encephalitis, Japanese* ; Humans ; Korea*

Background: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease, resulting in the promotion of low-fat diets that emphasize the need to lower LDL cholesterol levels. We investigated the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular risk factors according to LDL cholesterol levels in Korean adults who typically consumed high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets. Methods: A total of 25,925 Korean adults were selected from the 2007-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Dietary carbohydrate intake was grouped into quintiles and cardiovascular risk factors included obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine association between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular risk factors by sex and LDL cholesterol levels. Results: Subjects with LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL had significantly less energy and fat intake than those with LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dL both in men and women. In men, a higher carbohydrate intake was related to increased prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol regardless of LDL cholesterol levels. Meanwhile, dietary carbohydrate intake was positively associated with low HDL cholesterol but inversely associated with hypercholesterolemia only in women with LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dL. Conclusions High carbohydrate intake in Korean adults is associated with low HDL cholesterol or atherogenic dyslipidemia regardless of LDL cholesterol levels. Carbohydrate intake should be carefully recommended according to the lipid profiles of individuals for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease.

Background: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease, resulting in the promotion of low-fat diets that emphasize the need to lower LDL cholesterol levels. We investigated the relationship between dietary carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular risk factors according to LDL cholesterol levels in Korean adults who typically consumed high-carbohydrate, low-fat diets. Methods: A total of 25,925 Korean adults were selected from the 2007-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Dietary carbohydrate intake was grouped into quintiles and cardiovascular risk factors included obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Multiple logistic regression models were used to examine association between carbohydrate intake and cardiovascular risk factors by sex and LDL cholesterol levels. Results: Subjects with LDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL had significantly less energy and fat intake than those with LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dL both in men and women. In men, a higher carbohydrate intake was related to increased prevalence of atherogenic dyslipidemia and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol regardless of LDL cholesterol levels. Meanwhile, dietary carbohydrate intake was positively associated with low HDL cholesterol but inversely associated with hypercholesterolemia only in women with LDL cholesterol <130 mg/dL. Conclusions High carbohydrate intake in Korean adults is associated with low HDL cholesterol or atherogenic dyslipidemia regardless of LDL cholesterol levels. Carbohydrate intake should be carefully recommended according to the lipid profiles of individuals for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease.

Primary carcinoma of the uterine tube is one of the least common gynecologic malignancies with a reported incidence of approximately 0.3%. As a result of it, the experience of any one physian is limited. Almost all cases are adenocarcinoma and the cilinical presentation is generally nonspecific, of which the most common symptom is postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Primary fallopian tube carcinima is infrequently diagnosed before explolatory laparotomy and the majority of patients have extensive disease at diagnosis. We have experienced a case of fallopian tube cancer and report with brief review of literature
Adenocarcinoma ; Diagnosis ; Fallopian Tube Neoplasms ; Fallopian Tubes* ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laparotomy ; Uterine Hemorrhage

Reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide are known to induce morphological and functional derangement of corneal endothelium, thus causing loss of corneal deturgescence. Among the antioxidants, thioredoxin has been recently suggested to play an important role under oxidative stresses. The present study was undertaken to investigate the protective effect of thioredoxin, obtained from Escherichia coli, on cultured bovine endothelial cells against hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet ray. Thioredoxin at concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 microgram/ml appeared to protect corneal endothelial cells from the reactive oxygen radical hydrogen peroxide as assessed by measuring the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the reduction of 3-[4, 5-dimethyl-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT). In conclusion, thioredoxin may play an important physiological role (s) in protection of corneal endothelial cells which is continuously challenged by reactive oxygen species. Thus, It is natural that thioredoxin may have clinical implications in certain corneal disease such as corneal edema, which is known to be caused by reactive oxygen species.
Antioxidants ; Corneal Diseases ; Corneal Edema ; Endothelial Cells* ; Endothelium, Corneal ; Escherichia coli ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; Oxidative Stress* ; Oxygen ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Thioredoxins ; Ultraviolet Rays

This is to report the technique of reversed iliac leg stent-graft in endovascular treatment for isolated internal iliac artery (IIA) aneurysm, which had significant size discrepancy between the common iliac artery (CIA) and external iliac artery (EIA) in 3 patients from different hospitals. Three patients were a 85- and two 82-year-old men. Treated were right IIA aneurysms, sized 6.5x6.2 cm, 5.0x4.0 cm, and 4.1 cm in longest diameter, respectively. The diameters of the right CIA and right EIA measured 21 mm/11 mm, 15 mm/11 mm, and 20 mm/10 mm, respectively. In all cases, reversed iliac leg stent-grafts were prepared on-site; unsheathed and mounted upside-down manually, and deployed in each right CIA. Post-stent-graft angiograms showed complete exclusion of the aneurysms, except for minimal type 1 endoleak in one case. This technique is a useful treatment option in patients with isolated IIA aneurysm.
Aged, 80 and over ; Aneurysm* ; Endoleak ; Endovascular Procedures ; Humans ; Iliac Aneurysm ; Iliac Artery* ; Leg* ; Male

The clinical observation on diagnosis and treatment was made in 84 patients of renal injury during the period from 1983 to 1989. The results were as follows. 1. The sex ratio of male to female was 3.4:1 and the most favorable age was from 20 to 39 years for 46.4%. 2. The main cause of injury was nonpenetrating injury of which traffic accidents was the most common cause. 3. The associated injuries were seen in 100% of penetrating injury and 55.1% of nonpenetrating injury. The most common associated injury was diaphragmatic injury in penetrating injury and head injury in nonpenetrating injury. 4. Flank pain and hematuria were found in 91.7% and 84.5% in the patients with renal injury, respectively.5. IVP. CT scan, ultrasonography and retrograde pyelography were taken in 63. 50.5 and 2 patients. respectively for the diagnosis of renal injury. The frequency of minor. major and pedicle renal injury were 63.1%. 33.3% and 3.6%, respectively. 6. In minor injury. conservative treatment and renorrhaphy were performed in 98.1% and 1.9% and complication occurred in 3.8%. In major injury. conservative treatment. nephrectomy. partial nephrectomy and renorrhaphy were performed in 46.4%, 32.1%. .14.2% and 7.1%. respectively and complication occurred in 21.4%. In pedicle injury. nephrectomy was performed in 100% and complication was happened in 33.3%. From the viewpoint of the cause of injury, conservative treatment was performed in 16.7% in penetrating injury and 82.1% in nonpenetrating injury. In conclusion. the accurate diagnosis and treatment plan of renal injury with computed tomography are important. When the selection between conservative treatment and operative treatment is difficult, aggressive operative treatment is effective for the preservation of the injured kidney and the prevention of complications.
Accidents, Traffic ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis* ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Sex Ratio ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Ultrasonography ; Urography ; Wounds, Nonpenetrating

PURPOSE: Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in young children. Although intussusceptions are easily treated, some intussusceptions with or without a pathologic lead point (PLP) often recur. In this study, we analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of recurrent intussusceptions (RI), the frequency of the PLP, and correlation between RI with PLP. METHODS: The medical records of 144 patients, among 590 patients with intussusceptions who had been admitted to the Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of Dankook University Hospital between May 1994 and June 2009 were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The overall recurrence rate of intussusceptions in this study was 9.2%. The mean interval between the initial occurrence and the first recurrent attack was 130+/-175 days (range, 12 hours to 3 years). There was no statistically significant difference in the recurrence rate among patients who underwent air, barium, and manual reduction (p=0.131). Eighty-seven cases (92.6%) of RI had a successful reduction by the use of non-operative techniques. A PLP was present in 18 patients (3.0%). The most common PLP was intestinal lymphoid hyperplasia, followed by Meckel's diverticulum, duplication cyst, intestinal polyp, and adenomyoma. The mean number of intussusceptions was 4.7+/-1.9 in 7 patients with PLP, which was significantly higher than (2.4+/-0.9) patients without a PLP (p=0.023). The mean duration of recurrences was 17.4+/-19.8 months (range, 2 days to 72 months). CONCLUSION: A careful search for a PLP should be performed to prevent recurrence of intussusception, especially when intussusception has recurred more than three times.
Adenomyoma ; Barium ; Child ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intestinal Polyps ; Intussusception ; Meckel Diverticulum ; Medical Records ; Pediatrics ; Prognosis ; Recurrence