Objective: To synthesize and identify the peptide HDS derived from S.mutans GTF-B N-terminal 552-570. Methods: The peptide HDS derived from S.mutans GTF-B N-terminal 552-570 was synthesized by Merrifold peptide synthesor AB1433A and its amino acid sequence was detected by FAST technique.Results: The peptide HDS was synthesized accurately and purified by 97%. Conclusion: The synthesis of HDS makes it possible to study its immunologic characteristics.

Objective To optimize the extract technology of active lignins from the fruits of Schisandra chinensis.Methods The content of schizandrin,gomisin A,and deoxyschizandrin were selected as standards to evaluate the efficiency of smashing tissue extraction (STE).Solid-liquid ratio,extracting times,ethanol concentration,and extracting time were investigated through orthogonal test.Results The optimized conditions for STE were ten times amount of 80％ EtOH,extracting for three times,and 2 min for each time.Conclusion STE could obtain relatively higher yield,simplicity of operation,and benefit for environment protection.It could be better choice for the extraction ofS.chinensis.

Objective To observe the effect of multiple interventions on secondary epilepsy patients.Methods 114 secondary epilepsy patients were randomly divided into the intervention group and control group with 57 cases in each group.The cases in the intervention group received multiple interventions including heath education,psychological treatment,safety nursing,overdose administration,early rehabilitation,discharge guide and so on besides usual nursing.While,the cases in the control group received usual nursing.The follow-up was performed for 6 months and the therapeutic efficacy of two groups was compared.Results After multiple interventions,the seizure frequency and trauma incidence rate decreased,compliance and quality of life increased in patients of the intervention group,and there was a significant difference compared with the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Multiple interventions can decrease seizure frequency and increase compliance of treatment and quality of life of secondary epilepsy patients.

Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Lead ; blood ; Lead Poisoning ; blood ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition with galactooligosaccharides (GOS) on serum inflammatory cytokines in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation control group, SAP with enteral nutrition (EN) group and SAP with EN supplemented with GOS (GOS-EN) group, and each group was divided into 4 d and 7 d subgroups according to the time that animals were sacrificed (n=8 in each subgroup). Rat SAP models were established by injection of 38 g/L sodium taurocholate beneath the pancreatic capsule. The serum amylase, inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-10 were detected. Results At each time point, the levels of serum amylase in all SAP groups were significantly higher than those in sham operation control group (P < 0.01), and the levels in GOS-EN group were significantly lower than those in EN group (P < 0.01). The levels of serum TNF-α and IL-10 in all SAP groups were significantly higher than those in sham operation control group (P < 0.01), while the levels of IL-2 in all SAP groups were significantly lower than those in sham operation control group. The levels of TNF-α in GOS-EN group were significantly lower than those in EN group (P <0.05), while the levels of IL-2 and IL-10 and the ratio of IL-10/TNF-α were significantly higher than those in GOS-EN group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Early EN supplemented with GOS could modulate the balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory response.

To investigate the roles of apoptosis and the Fas system (Fas, Fas ligand, soluble Fas) in the process of liver cirrhosis (LC) converting into hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), expression of Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) in 49 LC and 36 HCC samples was detected by immunohistochemical method. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. Serum soluble Fas (sFas) levels in 28 cases of LC and 27 cases of HCC were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Compared with LC, apoptotic indices (AI) in HCC tissues were significantly reduced (P<0.001), expression of Fas was decreased (P<0.05), and that of FasL was increased (P<0.05). Serum sFas levels in HCC patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls. Down-regulation of Fas expression, up-regulation of FasL expression in hepatocytes and elevation of sFas level in serum might contribute to tumor escape from immune surveillance of the body. Apoptosis and the Fas system are significantly involved in the process of liver cirrhosis converting into hepatocellular carcinoma.

AIM To compare the contents of benzoyl mesaconitine,benzoyl hypaconitine,benzoyl aconitine,aconitine,hypaconitine and mesaconitine in Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens boiled juice-processed,Zingiberis Rhizoma boiled juice-processed,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens juicing-processed,Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens slice malaxation steaming,and Zingiberis Rhizoma slice malaxation steaming Aconiti lateralis Radix Praeparata.METHODS Acid-base titration method was adopted in the content determination of total alkaloids.HPLC was applied to determining the contents of six alkaloids,the analysis was performed on a 35 ℃ thermostatic Waters Symmetry(C)C1scolumn (4.6 mm × 250 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of acetonitrile-0.04 mol/L ammonium acetate flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 235 nm.RESULTS The contents of total alkaloids and diester-type alkaloids (mesaconitine,aconitine and hypaconitine)in various processed products,especially for Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens slice,Zingiberis Rhizoma slice malaxation steaming products,were obviously lower than those in the raw product.The contents of benzoyl hypaconitine and benzoyl aconitine in Zingiberis Rhizoma slice malaxation steaming product were the lowest,while that of benzoyl mesaconitine in the raw product was the lowest.CONCLUSION Compared with other Zingiber-processing methods,both Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens slice and Zingiberis Rhizoma slice malaxation steaming can reduce the toxicity of Aconiti lateralis Radix Praeparata more effectively.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of tumor necorisis factor related apoptosis induled ligand receptor(TRAILR) in human craniopharyngioma.Methods The expression of TRAILR was determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in 24 samples of craniopharyngioma and 16 samples of normal brain tissue.Results With low decoy receptor(DcR) expression in partial craniopharyngioma cells and low death receptor(DR) expression in partial normal brain cells,DR was expressed highly in all craniopharyngioma samples while DcR in most normal brain tissue. High DR expression and low DcR expression in craniopharyngioma tissue differed from low DR expression and high DcR expression in normal brain tissue(P

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of death receptor 4(DR4) and DR5 in human craniopharyngioma.Methods The expression of DR4 and DR5 was determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in 28 samples of craniopharyngioma and 25 samples of normal brain tissue.Results With low expression in partial normal brain tissue,DR was expressed highly in all of the craniopharyngioma samples.High DR expression in craniopharyngioma tissue differed from low DR expression in normal brain tissue(P0.05).Conclusions High DR expression is prevalent in craniopharyngioma tissue.This may contribute to the apoptosis-induced therapy of craniopharyngioma.The control of DR expression lays in protein level.This may contribute to the selective induced-apoptosis of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand.

Evaluation of the permeability mainly focuses on intestinal absorption in biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). It is more complicated that the absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment in biopharmaceutics classification system of Chinese materia medica (CMMBCS) compared with single component environment, which needs suitable mathematical models to be described. Therefore, with full consideration of existing single component mathematical algorithm combining with the characteristics of intestinal absorption and metabolism, we explored and designed a new mathematical algorithm of intestinal absorption and metabolism of multicomponent drug. Then we put forward a new coefficient, P (influence), the relative change rate of the single component's intestinal absorption and metabolism under multicomponent environment compared with single component environment, which described the influences of intestinal absorption and metabolism of the component under multicomponent environment. Moreover, P (influence) highlights the distinctive characteristics of multicomponent drug's intestinal absorption and metabolism, and lays the foundation for the construction of CMMBCS.
Algorithms ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Intestinal Absorption ; Intestines ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Models, Theoretical ; Solubility