Objective: To study the effect of eliminating pyrogen with ultrafiltration on the quatity of Chuanshentong Injection. Methods: The sample solution was filtered with the ultrafiltration membranes of molecular weight 6000 and 20000. Then,the results of eliminating pyrogens and the examination results of quality of sample solution before and after ultrafiltration were compared.Results: The results of elminating pyrogens is satisfactory. But there are larger changes in many items of quality markers after ultrafiltration. Conclusion: Therefore, the ultrafiltration should be used with caution in eliminating pyrogens of injection of Chinese medicinals.

Objective To understand drug use in children with common cold through comments on prescription and drug analysis,and to provide theoretical basis for standardizing medical treatment and promoting rational drug use.Methods A retrospective survey method was applied.Prescriptions of common cold in the department of pediatrics from Oct.to Dec.2015 were reviewed,and Excel 2013 was used for statistical analysis.Rationality of drug use was evaluated based onhospital prescription review management specification (try out),instructions and consensus of related experts at home and abroad.Results The utilization rate of antibacterial drugs was 93.4％in children with common cold of our hospital,utilization rate of antiviral drugs was 59.7％,utilization rate of compound cold medicine was 96.4％,and the rate of combined utilization of more than two kinds of compound medicine was 65.7％.Excessive medicine for common cold existed and abuse of cold medicine,antimicrobial and antiviral drug,irational drug combination in this hospital.Conclusion Clinical doctors lack cognition to common cold and cold medicines.Hospital pharmacy department should take effective pharmaceutical interventions to improve the level of rational drug use.

Objective To evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) with tramadol for labor analgesia as compared with combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) + patient controlled analgesia (PCEA) with ropivacaine and fentanyl. Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ full term primigravidae in active labor (at 2 ～ cm cervical dilation) who had a single fetus with vertex presentation and were expected to have a vaginal delivery were randomly divided into 3 groups: 1 control group received no analgesia ( n = 30), Ⅱ group A received CSEA + PCEA with ropivacaine and fentanyl ( n = 30) and Ⅲ group B received PCIA with tramadol (n = 20) . In group A CSEA was performed at L2-3. Ropivacaine 2.5 mg and fentanyl 5 mg were injected intrathecally. A catheter was then advanced 4 cm into epidural space cephalad for PCEA with a mixture of 0.1% ropivacaine with fentanyl 5?g?ml-1 (background infusion 4 ml?h-1 , demand bolus 4 ml with a 15 min lockout interval). In group B the loading dose of tramadol was 1 mg?kg-1 followed by background infusion of 0.75% tramadol at a rate of 2 ml?h-1 (demand bolus 2 ml with a 10 min lockout interval and a total dose limit of 500 mg) . The intensity of pain was evaluated by patients using VAS and motor function was assessed using modified Bromage score. The vital signs (BP, HR, SpO2), fetal heart rate, labor process, mode of delivery, Apgar score of neonates and side effects of analgesia were recorded. Results Good analgesia was achieved with high patient satisfaction in group A (96.7%) and B (95%) as compared with control group, but there was no significant difference in VAS score between group A and B. The onset time of analgesia was significantly shorter in group A (2.4 ? 1.2) min than that in group B (5.3 ? 2.7) min ( P

Total pelvic floor reconstruction is a minimally invasive and effective method for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapsed. It is a minimally invasive and effective method for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapsed, and it significantly improves the quality of life of patients. However, due to the complex anatomy of the pelvic floor, the requirements of clinical physicians and nursing is high, and related complications are easy to occur. This article introduces the observation and nursing care of the complications such as the bladder/rectum and nerve injury, the erosion of the mesh, the symptoms of the pelvic floor reconstruction, the pain or discomfort of the intercourse. Summary of the recent 10 years research results, to provide reference and guidance for clinical nursing work.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cardiomegaly ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology

Objective To evaluate the role of mierosurgery in surgical treatment to urethrocutaneous fistula after urethroplasty in hypospadias and improve surgical results.Methods From 1999 to 2006,44 urethrocutaneous fistulae (more than 3mm in diameter) after urethroplasty for hypospadias in 33 patients were repaired with different skin flaps.For example,Thiersch technique,urthroplasty,etc.Microsurgical tech- nique was employed in every case.Results The success rates of different procedure were 84.8% (28/33) for Thiersch technique,100% (11/11) for urethroplasty respectively.The total success rate was 88.6%(39/ 44).Conclusion It's just application of skin flap for repairing of big or complex urinary fistula after hypos- padias surgery.The application of microsurgical technique can increase success rate.It is necessary to excise scar and partial urethra for hypospadias fistula combined with urethral structures,cicatricial eontracture and in- curvation of penis.Rich blood-supply,low tension and atraumatic technique are all very important to improve surgery success rates of urinary,fistula after hypospadias repair.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; chemically induced ; Iodipamide ; adverse effects

Objective To study the histocompatibility of domestic new type nitinol alloy ventricular septal defect(VSD) occluder in order to test the feasibility for clinical application.Methods The domestic new type nitinol alloy VSD occluder was inserted into 20 healthy dogs with intravenous balanced anesthesia and tracheal intubation,assisted by animal breathing machine respiration.The dogs were given oral antibiotic and would be killed in several months after operation.According to different slaughter time(1,2,3,6 months),they were divided into 4 sections and including 5 dogs in each section.The occluder sites,the intimal coverage and the change of inflammatory cells were observed through gross anatomy,with the help of the light microscope and electron microscope.SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results The thickness of the endocardial enhanced with the time(P

·AIM: To report two patients with Helveston syndrome who received surgical treatment.·METHODS: During last year in department of oph-thalmology in West China Hospital, the surgery was designed to correct A-exotropia by lateral rectus' weaken and vertical offsets, and dissociated vertical deviation (DVD) by superior rectus muscles recession simultaneously.·RESULTS: A-exotropia and DVD of the patients vanished six months after the surgery. Both patients were clinically cured.·CONCLUSION: As the degree of horizontal and vertical strabismus was in the allowed range, complete examination and full assessment of the function of the four muscles were performed before operation, single operation can be considered in the treatment of Helveston syndrome.

Objective To investigate the reconstructive method with better sensory and erectile function for partial penile defect. Methods The procedure was as follows: dissecting the suspensory ligaments and separating part of crus,the local fat flap was transferred to fill the front space of symphysis ossium pubica.Various pedicle skin flaps were designed as covering materials.Penis residual stump was advanced to anterior portion of the newly reconstructed penile body as “glans”.The post-operative follow-up included taking full layer skin of penis from the patients to observe neurofibril regeneration by light microscope, electron microscope and scanning electron microscope;determining sensation recovery by physical examination;and checking erectile function with NEVA system. Results 42 patients underwent the above mentioned procedures.In these cases,the length of the penis varied from 0.5～4.0 cm in flaccid,1.5～5.0 cm in erect state before operation to 5.0～8.0 cm in flaccid,7.0～12.5 cm in erect state after operation.28 patients were followed up for more than 1 year.Of them 23 men got married with acceptable sexual activity;in them 18 had their children.The microscopic examination showed that the tenuous wavy peripheral nerves were well differentiated and no denaturation and necrosis were observed in the dermis,near subcutaneous adipose and around eccrine glands.The positive granules could be seen in the cytoplasm of regenerative neurofibrils by immunohistochemistry technique.The regenerative neurofibrils and related tissues could be seen under scanning and transmission electron microscope.The penis presented normal pain,touch feeling and 2-point identification ability in more than 12 months after surgery.Over 12 months after surgery,the patient had gained 4～9 events during 8～12 hours of sleep, and the durations were 4 to 37 min;the volume changes were from 114% to 505% over baseline. Conclusions With this method,the reconstructed penis tends to have better appearance and functions.For penile partial defect it is superior to the conventional operation.