No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Skin cancers arc the most common malignancies in human. The increasing incidence of skin cancer has been attributed to increasing exposure of the papulation to sunlight and other factors, such as chemicals or. viruses. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate a recent 10 year period(1984-1993) of clinical observation of cutaneous malignant tumors. METHODS: A statistical study was made with 60 cases of malignant tumors that visited the Departrnent of Dermatology, Chung Ang University during a 10 year period(1984-1993). RESULTS: 1. The mean incidence of cutlneous malignant tumors in the total number of outpatients was 0.16%(60/36,416). The incidence of malignant turnors has tended to increase in the last 4 years. 2. The age of onset was quite varied but the majority of cases, 51 cases(85.0%), were over 40 years old. The ratio of rnen to women was 1.3: 1.3. Among the 60 cases of malignant cutaneous tumors, the most frequently observed tumor was basal cell carcinoma, 20 cases(33.3% ). The next most frequent tumors were squamous cell carcinoma, 9 cases(15.0%), metastatic carcinoma, 9 cases(15.0%) and malignant melanoma, 6 cases(10.0%). 4. Among the 20 cases of basal cell carcinoma, 19 cases(95.0%) were over 40 years old. The most frequent age was the 7th decade(30.0%). The most common predilection sites were the nose (30.0%), the cheek(20.0%) and the eyelid(10.0%). 5. Among the 9 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 8 cases(88.9% ) were over 40 years old. The ratio of men to women was 1: 2. The most frequent age was the 8th decade(44.4% ). The most common predilection sites were the head(55.6%), lower extremity(22.2%), upper extremity (11.1%) and trunk(11.1%). 6. All patients with malignant melanoma were over 40 years old. The most frequent age was the 5th decade(50.0%). The most cornmon predilection sites were the upper and lower extremities (66.7% ). 7. Among the 9 cases of metastatic carcinoma, 7 cases(77.8%) were over 40 years old. The ratio of men to women was 1: 1.25. The most frequent primary tumor was stomach cancer in men and lung cancer in women. 8. Cutaneous malignant tumor. usually had no detectable metastasis but there were 2 cases of extramammary Pagets disease with metastasis in the regional lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS : This study revealed that the incidence of malignant tumors has tended to increase over the last few years, the most frequent age was over 40 years old, the most observed turnor was basal cell carcinoma and any type of cutaneous malignant tumors was rarely metastasis.
Adult ; Age of Onset ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lower Extremity ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Melanoma ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nose ; Outpatients ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; Skin Neoplasms ; Statistics as Topic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Sunlight ; Upper Extremity

Though the occurrence of multiple primary malignant tumor is a rare finding but the reported cases of it has increased in recent years. We collected multiple primary cancer of different organ, tissue and the multicentric origin of bilaterally paired organs. This paper reports 6 cases of multiple primary malignant tumors which were experienced at Yeungnam university hospital in Taegu during the past 2 years with review of journals. The results were as follows. 1. The incidence of multiple primary cancer was 0.31% for 2 years (1987-1988). 2. The ratio between male and female was 1:1 and mean age of incidence was 54.1 years. 3. The ratio between synchronous and metachronous (interval more than 6 months) was 1:1. 4. The time interval between first and second cancer was average 2.7 years in metachronous cases. 5. The most frequent involved organ was stomach, breast and colon in order of frequency. 6. The incidence of familial cancer associations was found in one out of 6 cases. 7. The test of DNCB, multitest CMI and ratio of T4 to T8 were performed in 4 cases but there was no definitive evidence of abnormality. We concluded that every effort should be made to discover the presence of synchronous malignancies in the patients who are being treated for a known tumor, and also special care should be given to detect new metachronous lesions is required.
Breast ; Colon ; Daegu ; Dinitrochlorobenzene ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Stomach

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats* ; Reperfusion*

BACKGROUND: The laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been accepted as the procedure of choice for chronic cholecystitis. However in cases of acute cholecystitis, the safety and the efficacy of LC has not been fully determined. Thus we performed this study to assess the clinical outcomes of a LC for acute cholecystitis to evaluate it's efficacy and safety. METHODS: The authors retrospectively analyzed 1,164 LCs performed in Yeungnam University Hospital from May 1991 to March 1996. Among the 1,164 LCs, 118 were performed for acute cholecystitis and 1,046 were performed for chronic cholecystitis. The authors compared the mean operation time, the conversion rate to an open cholecystectomy (OC), the reasons for conversion, the complication rate, the postoperative hospital stay, and the postoperative use of analgesics between the patients with acute cholecystitis and the patients with chronic cholecystitis. RESULTS: In the 1046 patients with chronic cholecystitis, the mean operation time was 55.9 minutes, the conversion rate to an OC was 2.7%, the complication rate was 4.0%, the mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.3 days, and analgesics were used in 48% of the patients. However in the 118 patients with acute cholecystitis, the mean operation time was 65 minutes, the conversion rate to an OC was 11.8%, the complication rate was 16.9%, the mean hospital stay was 4.4 days, and analgesics were used in the 60% of the patients. Also the authors found that the longer duration of preoperative symptoms and an advanced state of inflammation (e.g., GB empyema or gangrenous changes) were the two most common causes of conversion to an OC in the case of acute cholecystitis. Although all the analyzed parameters (especially, the conversion rate and the complication rate) were higher in the patients with acute cholecystitis than they were in the patients with chronic cholecystitis, a LC for acute cholecystitis seems to be acceptable because there were no mortalities and there were no life threatening complications. CONCLUSIONS: From, the aspects of safety and efficacy, a LC can be performed in most patients with acute cholecystitis. However, it should be remembered that the prolonged duration of symptoms prior to a LC increases the conversion rate to O.C. and if we confront the advanced cholecystitis (GB empyem or gangrenous change) with difficult Calot's triangle during a L.C., early conversion to an OC should be considered.
Analgesics ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic* ; Cholecystitis ; Cholecystitis, Acute* ; Empyema ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Length of Stay ; Mortality ; Retrospective Studies

Portal vein thrombosis is a rare condition occuring in association with a wide varitey of precipitation factors. Among these, advanced hepatoma constitute the major etiology of portal vein thrombosis. Noncancerous intrahepatic portal vein occlusion was reported in some cases of repeated cholangitis. Generally, Intrahepatic stones occures in Lt. lobe of liver and repeated inflammatory precesses occlude peripheral branch of Lt. portal vein. So, noncancerous Rt. portal vein occlusion is extremly rare condition. Two Patients visited our hospital with Rt. upper quadrant abdominal pain and fever. Preoperative abdominal ultrasonography, computerlized tomography, endoscopic retrograde cholagiopancreaticography revealed multiple Rt. intrahepatic stones and Rt. portal vein 1st branch occlusion. Rt. lobectomy of liver were performed. Pathologic reports were portal vein occlusion due to inflammatory thrombi, not tumor thrombi. Thus authors experienced 2 cases of Rt. portal vein 1st branch occlusion due to noncancerous benign condition, such as multiple intrahepatic stones, we report these cases with brief review of literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Cholangitis ; Fever ; Humans ; Liver ; Portal Vein* ; Ultrasonography ; Venous Thrombosis

No abstract available.
Hemorrhoids*

PURPOSE: A hepatocellular carcinoma is an epithelial cancer, originating from hepatocytes, and frequently shows early invasion into blood vessels, with intrahepatic metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endogenous peptidases capable of degrading various components of basement membranes. The ability of malignant epithelial cells to degrade extracellular matrices and basement membranes are important steps in the metastatic invasion process, and it is necessary for cancer cells to acquire this cleavage ability in order to become invasive. METHODS: To evaluate the clinical significance of the expressions of MMPs in hepatocellular carcinomas, twenty-five patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC group), and twelve patients with normal livers (control group), were enrolled in this study between July 2001 and July 2002. RESULTS: The expression of MMP-9 was significantly elevated in the HCC group (80.3+/-9.4) compared with that of the control group (54.7+/-5.6) (P<0.05). The expressions of MMP-9 in the large (greater than 5 cm) and small (lesser than 5 cm) sized tumor groups were 90.2+/-6.0 and 77.1+/-1.8, respectively. In positive and negative vascular invasion groups the levels of MMP-9 expression were 91.6+/-3.2 and 75.9+/-6.9 and in the positive and negative capsular infiltration groups they were 89.3+/-6.3 and 78.0+/-8.7, respectively. The levels MMP-9 expression in the HCC patients with large tumors (>5 cm), vascular invasion and capsular infiltration were significantly higher than in those without these clinical manifestations (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between MMP-9 expression and liver cirrhosis or histological type. CONCLUSION: The present study shows a close relationship between the expression of MMP-9 and capsular infiltration, vessel invasion and tumor stage in HCC. MMP-9 may be used as a prognostic marker and for the development of strategies for the treatment modality in HCC.
Basement Membrane ; Blood Vessels ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Matrix ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Peptide Hydrolases

PURPOSE: A hepatocellular carcinoma is an epithelial cancer, originating from hepatocytes, and frequently shows early invasion into blood vessels, with intrahepatic metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endogenous peptidases capable of degrading various components of basement membranes. The ability of malignant epithelial cells to degrade extracellular matrices and basement membranes are important steps in the metastatic invasion process, and it is necessary for cancer cells to acquire this cleavage ability in order to become invasive. METHODS: To evaluate the clinical significance of the expressions of MMPs in hepatocellular carcinomas, twenty-five patients with hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC group), and twelve patients with normal livers (control group), were enrolled in this study between July 2001 and July 2002. RESULTS: The expression of MMP-9 was significantly elevated in the HCC group (80.3+/-9.4) compared with that of the control group (54.7+/-5.6) (P<0.05). The expressions of MMP-9 in the large (greater than 5 cm) and small (lesser than 5 cm) sized tumor groups were 90.2+/-6.0 and 77.1+/-1.8, respectively. In positive and negative vascular invasion groups the levels of MMP-9 expression were 91.6+/-3.2 and 75.9+/-6.9 and in the positive and negative capsular infiltration groups they were 89.3+/-6.3 and 78.0+/-8.7, respectively. The levels MMP-9 expression in the HCC patients with large tumors (>5 cm), vascular invasion and capsular infiltration were significantly higher than in those without these clinical manifestations (P<0.05). There was no significant correlation between MMP-9 expression and liver cirrhosis or histological type. CONCLUSION: The present study shows a close relationship between the expression of MMP-9 and capsular infiltration, vessel invasion and tumor stage in HCC. MMP-9 may be used as a prognostic marker and for the development of strategies for the treatment modality in HCC.
Basement Membrane ; Blood Vessels ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Matrix ; Hepatocytes ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Peptide Hydrolases

Biliary-cutaneous fistula is frequently associated with biliary surgery, hepatic trauma, liver biopsy, and percutaneous interventional procedures, etc. Bile entering the vascular system is a rare clinical situation that has been reported in association with biliary obstruction from common bile duct stones and normal blood vessels. However, we experienced a 62-year-old woman who developed a biliary-cutaneous fistula combined with biliary-hepatic venous connection and who was not associated with distal biliary obstruction. On fistulography, we detected contrast dye entering the hepatic vein from the biliary-cutaneous fistula cavity. Segmentectomy of Couinaud segment 7 was performed. Histopathologic findings showed chronic granulomatous inflammation with caseous necrosis. It was diagnosed as a primary hepatic tuberculosis.
Bile ; Biopsy ; Blood Vessels ; Common Bile Duct ; Female ; Fistula* ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Liver ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Tuberculosis, Hepatic