No abstract available.
Child* ; Fever* ; Humans ; Parents*

This study was conducted to find out an appropriate means for preventing the juvenile delinquency (JD), which is supposed to be greatly realted to family environment. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey with a means of writing by themself, to 257 middle and high school students and 309 juvenile delinquents who were in confinement. The questionnaire was consisted of 27 items of juvenile delinquencies, 15 questions about personal environment in their period of childhood, 36 questions on their home atmosphere, 25 items with regard to their parental behavior to their children in the rearing of them. The extent of delinquency was calculated by summing the numbers of experienced delinquencies of the listed items. The study subjects were divided into two groups; student group (SG) and juvenile delinquent group (JDG) and the collected data were analyzed with the extent of delinquency in each group by SPSS/PC+statistical package. The extent of JD was increased as the study subjects grew older, defective families were more common, total family income was more poor, parents' educational level was lower, personal expenses were higher and the conflicts between parents were more high in JDG as compared with of SG. The differences were statistically significant. As long as the extent of delinquency is concerned, delimquent points of JDG were significantly higher as compared with that of SG in all items except one item, below the primary school item in fathers' educational level. (In order to prevent JD in our country, it is recommended that educational level and the living standared of the lower class people should be raised, the sound families which do have less conflictsshould be established as much as possible, the present educational system which is making much conflicts between parents and their offsprings should be changed so that their given temperament would be brought up to the highest level, defective families should be reduced as much as possible and adults should not do actions that are considered not to be done by youngsters and must set a good example.)
Adult ; Atmosphere ; Child ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency* ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Temperament ; Writing

This study was designed to compare the educational needs and satisfactory about infant care of the mothers in the Post-partum Care Center for development of the educational program. The subjects for this study were 100 mothers in the Post-partum Care Center in Seoul and Buchon. The data were collected during the period from Feb. to March, 2000. The Educational Need and satisfactory for Infant Care was measured by questionnaire that has developed by researchers. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics, paired t-test using SPSS PC+ WIN.The results were as fellow; 1) The educational needs of the mothers in the Post-partum Care Center were high (mean=4.32). 2)The satisfactory of the mothers in the Post-partum Care Center of educational program of infant care were middle range (mean=3.60). 3) The educational needs of infant cares in the Post-partum Care Center were higher than satisfactory of the mothers in the Post- partum Care Center of educational program of infant care(t=7.71 p=.000). 4) The educational need by content was signs, symptoms and management of disorders(i.g. cyanosis, seizure, fever, etc.) were higher than general care of baby(i.g. feeding, diaper change etc.). In conclusion, when the infant caregiver in the Post-partum Care Center teaching the method of infant care to mother, there should be in consideration of educational need of mother. And its educational contents must be included of mental and emotional development and signs, symptoms and management of disorders.
Caregivers ; Cyanosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Care* ; Infant* ; Mothers* ; Seizures, Febrile ; Seoul ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

This study was designed to compare the educational needs and satisfactory about infant care of the mothers in the Post-partum Care Center for development of the educational program. The subjects for this study were 100 mothers in the Post-partum Care Center in Seoul and Buchon. The data were collected during the period from Feb. to March, 2000. The Educational Need and satisfactory for Infant Care was measured by questionnaire that has developed by researchers. The data were analysed by descriptive statistics, paired t-test using SPSS PC+ WIN.The results were as fellow; 1) The educational needs of the mothers in the Post-partum Care Center were high (mean=4.32). 2)The satisfactory of the mothers in the Post-partum Care Center of educational program of infant care were middle range (mean=3.60). 3) The educational needs of infant cares in the Post-partum Care Center were higher than satisfactory of the mothers in the Post- partum Care Center of educational program of infant care(t=7.71 p=.000). 4) The educational need by content was signs, symptoms and management of disorders(i.g. cyanosis, seizure, fever, etc.) were higher than general care of baby(i.g. feeding, diaper change etc.). In conclusion, when the infant caregiver in the Post-partum Care Center teaching the method of infant care to mother, there should be in consideration of educational need of mother. And its educational contents must be included of mental and emotional development and signs, symptoms and management of disorders.
Caregivers ; Cyanosis ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Care* ; Infant* ; Mothers* ; Seizures, Febrile ; Seoul ; Child Health ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Coronary arterivenous fistula(CAVF) is an uncommon congenital coronary anomaly-Bilateral CAVFs that originate from both coronary arteries are very rare. Coronary arteriography performed in recent years has clarified the incidence and various features of this lesion. Baim et al.1) reported that only 5% of the coronary artery fistulas arose from bilateral coronary arteries. In this report, we present a case of bilateral coronary artery pulmonary artery fistulas associated with atypical chest pain.
Angiography ; Arteries* ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Vessels ; Fistula* ; Incidence ; Pulmonary Artery

PURPOSE: Recently, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have become one of the major nosocomial pathogens in Korea. However, there have been few studies on the epidemiology of VRE colonization among neonates. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of VRE colonization, risk factors for VRE, and how to control the spread of VRE infection in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Pusan National University Hospital (PNUH). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 192 neonates who were admitted to the NICU of PNUH from March 2006 to March 2007. Surveillance cultures from rectal swabs for detecting VRE were obtained weekly during the study period. We analyzed the prevalence of VRE and various risk factors. RESULTS: The rate of VRE colonization among NICU patients was 25% (48/192). Thirty five of these VRE colonized patients were transferred to the NICU from other local hospitals. Compared with the non-VRE group, the risk factors associated with VRE colonization were lower birth weight, congenital heart disease, applied mechanical ventilation, use of a central venous catheter, chest tubing, a history of surgery, and use of antibiotics. CONCLUSION: VRE colonization among patients admitted to the NICU is rapidly increasing. Monitoring and managing premature neonates from the beginning of the birth process, avoiding many invasive procedures, avoiding antibiotics such as vancomycin and third generation cephalosporin are important for preventing the emergence and spread of VRE colonization in the NICU.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Birth Weight ; Central Venous Catheters ; Colon ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Korea ; Medical Records ; Parturition ; Prevalence ; Respiration, Artificial ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Thorax ; Vancomycin ; Vancomycin Resistance

Myocardial infarction is almost regularly associated with severe and widespread obstructive coronary artery disease. Recently, there have been some reports of myocardial infarction with normal of near normal coronary arteries on cineangiography. The following report concerns 6 cases (4% of a series of 142 consecutively studied patients with myocardial infarction) of myocardial infarction proved on clinical grounds with normal or near normal coronary arteries at coronary angiography obtained several months later. The clinical data was shown in Table 1 and Table 2. All 6 patients were male. Three were in the fifth, two in the sixth, and one in the seventh decade. Multiple risk factors were present in only one patient. Areas of localized dyskinesia or hypokinesia were demonstrated in five on the left ventricular cineangiography. The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was greater than 12 mmHg in all 6 patients. One patient had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and the remaining 5 patients had no underlying heart diseases. One patient had moderate congestive heart tailure. It is possible that prolonged, localized coronary artery spasm or platelet thrombi that subsequently resolved are a part of the pathogenic mechanism.
Blood Platelets ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic ; Cineangiography ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dyskinesias ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Heart ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypokinesia ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Risk Factors ; Spasm

Microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) tumors were reported in a subset of gastrointestinal carcinomas. The molecular pathogenesis of MMP tumors shows defects in the DNA mismatch repair genes, and also many germline and somatic mutations were reported in the MMP tumors. However, the detection of genetic defects in the MMP tumors is very difficult, mainly because many genes are included in the DNA mismatch repair genes. This study was undertaken to determine the best strategy for detecting defects in the DNA mismatch repair genes in gastrointestinal carcinomas. One of the effective ways for detecting defects in DNA mismatch repair genes is to screen the MMP tumors and evaluate the products of DNA mismatch repair genes by performing the multiplex RT-PCR method. We have screened the MMP tumors by using 5 microsatellite markers in the 12 cancer cell lines, 120 colon carcinomas and 99 gastric carcinomas and found 6 MMP cell lines, 10 MMP colon cancers, and 9 MMP gastric carcinomas. In addition, we evaluated 6 DNA mismatch repair gene products (hMSH2, hMSH3, hMSH6, hMLH1, hPMS1 and hPMS2) by multiplex RT-PCR analysis and found decreased expression of the DNA mismatch repair genes in 5 (hMSH6 in DLD-1 and HCT-15; hMSH2 in LoVo; hMLH1 and hMSH3 in HCT-116; hMLH1 in SNU-638) out of 6 MMP cell lines. We also found a decreased expression of hMLH1 in 3 out of 10 MMP colon carcinomas, and in 6 out of 9 MMP gastric carcinomas. Our results indicate that the expression analysis of the DNA mismatch repair genes by multiplex RT-PCR method can reduce the number of genes subjected to mutational analysis and is convenient for screening the responsible DNA mismatch repair genes.
Cell Line ; Colon ; Colonic Neoplasms ; DNA Mismatch Repair* ; DNA* ; Mass Screening ; Microsatellite Repeats* ; Phenotype*

Primary spinal glioblastoma multiforme is very rare, especially in childhood. 13-year-old boy was admitted to our neurosurgical department because of paraparesis, sensory loss below T10 and sphincter disturbance. Thoracic myelogram showed complete obstruction at T10 level and total laminectomy with partial removal of the intramedullary cord tumor mass was performed under the impression of spinal cord tumor. Postoperatively, his symptoms and signs unchanged. Pathological diagnosis was intramedullary glioblastoma multiforme involving thoracic cord.
Adolescent ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Glioblastoma* ; Humans ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Paraparesis ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms

Congenital duodenal obstruction is a one of the emergent surgical conditions in neonates. Almost of them were diagnosed with double-bubble sign in prenatal ultrasonography. However, partial obstruction caused from duodenal web could be overlooked. We reported a duodenal web in early childhood. A three-year-old girl visited at our pediatric clinic for constipation. She had been showed non-bilious vomiting after weaning meal since 6 months old of her age, but her weight was relevant for 50-75 percentile of growth curve. Barium enema was initially checked, but any abnormal finding was not found. We noticed the severely distended stomach and 1st portion of duodenum. Upper gastrointestinal series revealed partial obstruction in 2nd portion of duodenum. After laparotomy, we found the transitional zone of duodenum and identified a duodenal web via duodenotomy. We performed duodeno-duodenostomy without any injury of ampulla of Vater. She was recovered uneventfully. During 6 months after operation, she does well without any gastrointestinal symptoms or signs, such as vomiting or constipation.
Ampulla of Vater ; Barium ; Child ; Constipation ; Duodenal Obstruction* ; Duodenum ; Enema ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Laparotomy ; Meals ; Stomach ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Vomiting ; Weaning