In this study the action of pancuronium given directly into the lateral ventricle on the mean blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory frequency and skeletal muscular contractility of the rabbit were investigated. Pancuronium, which a dose of 10ug/kg and 30kg/kg were given into the lateral ventricle of rabbit. 1) Intraventricular injection of 10ug/kg of pancuronium increased pulse rate, respiratory frequency and muscle contraction and the differences were not statiscally significant. 2) Intraventricular injection of 30ug/kg of pancuronium produced a gradual increase of respiratory frequency which began at 5 minutes after drug injection and continued over a half hour. The difference between control and experimental value was statistically significant (p<0.005) while pulse rate and muscular contractility were increased but not significant. 3) Mean blood pressure was not changed after intraventricular injection of the pancuronium.
Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Injections, Intraventricular ; Lateral Ventricles* ; Muscle Contraction ; Pancuronium*

BACKGROUND: For gastric cancer, primary prevention by risk factor modification might have some important roles. However, previous studies having investigated the factors associated with stomach cancer reported various results. In addition, there were only a few studies based on Korean population. METHODS: A case control study was carried out on 106 cases matched for age and sex with 106 controls in a tertiary care hospital. In patients who were aged 75 years or less and had been newly diagnosed as adenocarcinoma of stomach between July 1996 and January 1997 were included into the case group. Information on baseline characteristics, health habits, dietary habits of study subjects was obtained through an interview using structured questionnaire. Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with stomach cancer. RESULTS: Salt preference was associated with significantly increased risk of stomach cancer (odds ratio[OR]=9.81, 95% confidence interval[CI]=2.28 42.2). Eating broiled food more than three times a week significantly increased the risk of stomach cancer (OR=3.33, 95% CI=1.16 9.55) compared to eating it less than once a week. Blood type, family history of stomach cancer, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not associated with stomach cancer. CONCLUSION: Salt preference and frequent eating of broiled food are the risk factors significantly associated with stomach cancer in this study subjects.
Adenocarcinoma ; Alcohol Drinking ; Case-Control Studies* ; Diet ; Eating ; Food Habits ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Primary Prevention ; Risk Factors* ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach* ; Tertiary Healthcare ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Epidermal Cyst

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCP) has been reported to be associated with hypofibrinolysis and a deficiency in coagulation. The goal of this prospective study was to confirm or refute these findings and to establish a guide for a screening test. The coagulation systems of twenty-three patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease were evaluated by means of the tests which included prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin-III (AT-III), protein C, protein S, lipoprotein(a), and anticardiolipin antibody (ACA). Study subjects were 21 males and 2 females. Mean age was 8.7 years. No abnormal results were found for Antithrombin-III and Protein S, but 2 patients had low Protein C level. Two of 23 patients had Lipoprotein(a) values greater than 30 mg/dl. Another two patients had positive finding for Anticardiolipin antibody. There were no statistical differences in all parameters between Catterall group stage in the patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. We were unable to establish an association between thrombotic tendency and Legg-Calve-Perthes disease based on this prospective study. So, routine screening of patients with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease for abnormalities of antithrombotic factors would be not warranted.
Antibodies, Anticardiolipin ; Female ; Humans ; Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease* ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Prospective Studies ; Protein C ; Protein S ; Prothrombin Time

Spontaneous dissection of the vertebrobasilar arterial system is less common than that of the carotid system. These dissections are usually found extracranially or in a combination of intracranial and extracranial location. Pure intracrainl involvement is uncommon. Particularly in oriental country. This vascular anomaly is one of the important causes of posterior circulation stroke in young and middle-aged adults. Lf manifested as brainstem, ischernia, the usual symptoms and signs are typically neck or occipital pain followed later by particular features of the lateral medullary syndrome. Etiology remains obscure in most cases of spontaneous dissection and management is still controversial. We present three cases of dissecting aneurysm of the intracranial portion of unilateral vertebral artery. The two patients manifested as lateral medullary syndrome with sudden neck pain and digital substracted angiogram revealed proximal narrowed segments and distal fusiform dilatation of the unilateral vertebral arter.,v. The other patient manifested as subarachnoid hemmorrhage and angiographically dilatation at the junction of vertebral artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery was noted. In operative field, two cases were confirmed as dissecting aneurysm.
Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting* ; Arteries ; Brain Stem ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Lateral Medullary Syndrome ; Neck ; Neck Pain ; Stroke ; Vertebral Artery*

Midurethral slings are increasingly popular for the surgical treatment of stress urinary incontinence. They are relatively simple to implant and shorten operating time, hospital stay, and recovery time. Tension free vaginal tape (TVT) and Intravaginal slingplasty (IVS) mesh are both polypropylene mesh. TVT is a type I totally macroporous mesh which, because of pores larger than 75 microns, admits bacteria, macrophages, and fibroblasts into the pores. IVS is a type III mesh with microporous components which admits bacteria but not macrophages. So anterior IVS appear to be more at risk of infection or vaginal erosion than other monofilament mesh. We report our experience with a patient who underwent anterior IVS and developed erosion of the mesh through vagina, creating pelvic abscess.
Abscess* ; Bacteria ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Macrophages ; Polypropylenes ; Suburethral Slings ; Surgical Mesh ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Vagina

Developing of digital technique, it is possible to fabricate implant prostheses for edentulous area using intraoral 3-dimentional information throughout implant diagnosis and treatment process. It is being changed that from the method using CAD/CAM, producing prostheses by model scanning after conventional impression and model processing, to the method of fabricating implant provisional restorations and customized abutments by digital impression after connecting digital impression copings (scanbody) and implant fixtures without models. But, this digital method has not been actively used for implant prostheses not yet. Specially, it is short of intraoral digital impression cases for immediate provisional restorations of the maxillary anterior implants. The gingival contour impression of maxillary anterior area is very important for esthetic restorations. Accordingly, in this case report, the using a digital impression coping (scanbody) and digital impression by CEREC Omnicam (Sirona, Bensheim, Germany) or Trios (3shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) were introduced for immediate provisional restorations in 3 cases needed a single implant restoration in maxillary anterior area. The clinical results were satisfactory on the convenience and accuracy of digital impression technique and the good esthetics of final restorations.
Diagnosis ; Esthetics ; Prostheses and Implants

A positive HLA crossmatch in cadevaric liver transplantation is relatively acceptable, but in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using relatively small sized grafts, the rejection rates were higher in positive crossmatchcases than in negative cases, as described in several previous reports. We report a case of LDLT performed with therapeutic plasmapheresis, in a recipient with a positive HLA crossmatch to donor before transplantation. The patient was a 56-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis (UNOS status IIA, MELD score 28) caused by chronic hepatitis B. The HLA crossmatch results were 1:2 and 1:8 positive for NIH-CDC (complement dependent cytotoxicity) and AHG-CDC, respectively. The flow cytometric crossmatch (FCXM) was also positive (T-MFI ratio 9.0 and B-MFI ratio 3.4). With 5 cycles of preoperative therapeutic plasmapheresis, the HLA crossmatch converted to negative and liver transplantation was performed. The liver function of the patient was well maintained for 5 months, without any sign of hyperacute or acute rejection. However, the patient eventually died from suddenly occurred infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome at 5 months after surgery. Therapeutic plasmapheresis can be considered as one of therapeutic options for LDLT patients with a positive HLA crossmatch to donor.
Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Living Donors* ; Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plasmapheresis* ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

Solid facial edema is a rare skin condition characterized by persistent, non-pitting, and non-tender edema on the forehead, glabellar region, mid-face, nasolabial folds, and cheeks. Exact etiology is still unknown; however, it is suggested that it can be secondary inflammatory response due to acne vulgaris. A 21-year-old male presented with erythematous swollen patches on the forehead and glabellar region. He had been intermittently treated for his acne vulgaris for 5 years at the local clinic. Focal soft tissue swelling with thickening of the skin and subcutaneous tissue was identified radiologically. Histopathologically, lymphatic vessels were dilated with chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and dermal edema. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of solid facial edema caused by acne vulgaris in Korea.
Acne Vulgaris ; Cheek ; Edema ; Forehead ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Nasolabial Fold ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Young Adult

Solid facial edema is a rare skin condition characterized by persistent, non-pitting, and non-tender edema on the forehead, glabellar region, mid-face, nasolabial folds, and cheeks. Exact etiology is still unknown; however, it is suggested that it can be secondary inflammatory response due to acne vulgaris. A 21-year-old male presented with erythematous swollen patches on the forehead and glabellar region. He had been intermittently treated for his acne vulgaris for 5 years at the local clinic. Focal soft tissue swelling with thickening of the skin and subcutaneous tissue was identified radiologically. Histopathologically, lymphatic vessels were dilated with chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and dermal edema. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of solid facial edema caused by acne vulgaris in Korea.
Acne Vulgaris ; Cheek ; Edema ; Forehead ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Nasolabial Fold ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Young Adult