Most insects including the honeybee cause erythema and edema at the site of a sting in non-allergic individuals. This reaction usually resolves within a few days. However, in certain cases, the persistence of inciting materials in the cutaneous tissue may promote a local inflammatory foreign body reaction. Localized nodular lesions were seen in our two patients and erythemstous patches were present in one patient due to rarely encountered complications induced by retained sting materials. In these cases histopathology showed multiple foci of foreign body granuloma containing yellow refraetile material in the center surrounded by histiocytes and foreign body giant cells. The granulomatous skin lesions in these patients were treated with intralesional injections of triamcinolone acetonide and partial excisions of the nodular masses were performed.
Bites and Stings ; Edema ; Erythema ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Giant Cells, Foreign-Body ; Granuloma* ; Granuloma, Foreign-Body ; Histiocytes ; Humans ; Injections, Intralesional ; Insects ; Skin ; Triamcinolone Acetonide

BACKGROUND: The differentiation of syphilids from other skin decreases is frequently difficult due to considerable variations of clinical and histologic pattern. The most common histologic changes in secondary syphilis are swelling & proliferation of endothelial cells and the presence of a perivascular infiltrate containing plasmia cells. But often, these findings are absert or inconspicuous. OBJECTIVE: We examined the histopathologic findings of secondary syphilis in relation to the clinical types of the skin lesion. MEHTODS: 36 biopsy specimens from twenty-nine serologically and clinically confirmed cases of secondary syphilis (15 macules, 8 papules, 2 condylomata latas and 11 papulosquamous lesions) were examined. RESULTS: The histopath,ologic findings of secondary syphilis showed comparative differences according to the clinical types of the skin lesion. The plasms cell infltrates were absent or sparse in 14 csses(39%) and the plasma cell infiltration was significantly correhted with the age of skin lesions(p=0.02197). Vascular changes were seen in 32 cases (89%), but the incidence of endothelial proliferation was less(25%). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the histopathologic findirigs of secondary syphilis in accordance to the clinical morphology of the eruption and thus, help to differentiate syphilids from other skin diseases.
Biopsy ; Endothelial Cells ; Incidence ; Plasma Cells ; Skin ; Skin Diseases ; Syphilis ; Syphilis, Cutaneous*

OBJECTIVE: To determine the characteristic pattern of information processing in the children with specific language impairment (SLI) using the Kaufman-Assessment Battery (K-ABC) for children. METHOD: Thirty patients were responded to K-ABC. Twenty-three of them were diagnosed as SLI without any abnormalities in other developmental areas, visual or auditory system. Seven patients showed language delay with other developmental abnormalities. Mean chronological age of SLI patients was 61.0 months. Patterns of information processing was measured using K-ABC. Sequential processing, simultaneous processing, mental processing, and achievement scales were obtained and compared between two groups. RESULTS: In SLI patients, sequential processing, simultaneous processing, mental processing, and achievement scales were 32.9+/-34.2, 54.3+/-26.9, 42.5+/-31.1, and 33.8+/-28.7, respectively. The SLI patients showed significantly poor scales in sequential than in simultaneous processing (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The patients with SLI exhibited significant deficits in sequential processing, whereas simultaneous processing was better than that of the other group in this study. This characteristics of SLI patients will be useful for understanding and establishing proper therapeutic strategies for these patients.
Automatic Data Processing* ; Child* ; Humans ; Language Development Disorders ; Weights and Measures

Pigmented lesions of palmar and plantar skin may cause diagnostic problems, because some features of benign lesions in these sites may raise the suspicion of melanoma if considered alone. Transepidermal elimlnation is a mechanism by which a substance is eliminated through the epidermis, and it is apt to be confused with a feature of melanoma that tumor cells are located at all layers of the epidermis. We report a case of transepidermal elimination of nevus cells in acral letiginous nevus which needs a differential dignosis of melanoma.
Epidermis ; Melanoma ; Nevus* ; Skin

PURPOSE: In this study a system dynamics methodology was used to identify correlation and nonlinear feedback structure among factors affecting unplanned extubation (UE) of ICU patients and to construct and verify a simulation model. METHODS: Factors affecting UE were identified through a theoretical background established by reviewing literature and preceding studies and referencing various statistical data. Related variables were decided through verification of content validity by an expert group. A causal loop diagram (CLD) was made based on the variables. Stock & Flow modeling using Vensim PLE Plus Version 6.0b was performed to establish a model for UE. RESULTS: Based on the literature review and expert verification, 18 variables associated with UE were identified and CLD was prepared. From the prepared CLD, a model was developed by converting to the Stock & Flow Diagram. Results of the simulation showed that patient stress, patient in an agitated state, restraint application, patient movability, and individual intensive nursing were variables giving the greatest effect to UE probability. To verify agreement of the UE model with real situations, simulation with 5 cases was performed. Equation check and sensitivity analysis on TIME STEP were executed to validate model integrity. CONCLUSION: Results show that identification of a proper model enables prediction of UE probability. This prediction allows for adjustment of related factors, and provides basic data do develop nursing interventions to decrease UE.
Adult ; Airway Extubation/*psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Intensive Care Units ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Models, Theoretical ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Risk Factors

Lichen aureus is a variant of pigmented purpuric lichenoid dermatitis. The skin lesions usually appear asymptomatic rusty, copper, or orange colored roundish lichenoid erythematous-purpuric papules and patches on the lower extremities. Histologically, the epidermis shows minimal changes, with a dense lymphohistiocytic infiltrate observed in the superficial derrnis, typically distributed in a band-like fashion. The typical lesion is a single patch localized on the lower extremity. We report a rare case of segmental lichen aureus localized on the right lower extremity.
Citrus sinensis ; Copper ; Dermatitis ; Epidermis ; Lichens* ; Lower Extremity ; Skin

We describe the case of a 45-year-old woman who had self-regressing livedo reticularis on the lower extremities. Examination of a biopsy specimen from the mottled area revealed myxomatous emboli in the deep dermal arterioles. Echocardiography showed a myxoma in the left atrium. After the tumor was surgically excised, the patient had no further evidence of the disorders during the 3-year period of follow-up. Livedo reticularis caused by an peripheral arterial embolism, which in turn was caused by the tumor fragments in our patient with left atrial myxoma, is considered to be unusual.
Arterioles ; Biopsy ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Livedo Reticularis* ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Myxoma*

The clinical value of the pre-(165 pts) and post-operative(149 pts) serum levels of carcinoembryogenic antigen(CEA) in 190 patients(pts) with colorectal cancer was investigated, who had a curative surgery and an abnormally elevated levels of CEA (> or=5 ng/ml) at Department of General Surgery, Chonbuk National University Hospital during 1989 to 1996. The results are as follows: 1) The preoperative positive rates of CEA level were 49(29.7%) of 165 patients, so preoperative CEA level measurement was no usefulness for screening test of colorectal cancer. The incidence of preoperatively elevated CEA levels in Dukes stages A, B, C, and D were 0, 28.6, 32.8 and 42.9% respectively, There was significant association between increased proportion of patients with preopertive serum CEA(> OR = 5 ng/ml) and the progressive stages of colorectal cancers(P<0.05). 2) There was no significant association between the frequency of abnormal CEA level and histologic differentiation of tumor. 3) The recurrence rate was 16.4% and 30.6% in patients with preoperative CEA < 5 ng/ml and > OR =5 ng/ml, respectively(p<0.05). 4) In patients with recurrence, the lymph node positive group(70.6%) was larger than the negative(29.4%)(p<0.05), and preoperative positive rate of CEA value was 44%. 5) The recurrence rate in Dukes stages A, Bl, B2, Cl, C2, and D were 0, 8.7, 12.7, 16.7, 32.3, and 90.0% respectively(p<0.01). 6) There was no significant association between the frequency of abnormal CEA level and location of tumor. 7) The recurrence rate was 12.3% and 65.7% in patients with postoperative CEA < 5 ng/ml and > OR = 5 ng/ml, respectively(p<0.01). 8) In patients with metastasis, postoperative positive rate of CEA level was 63%(p< 0.01).
Colorectal Neoplasms ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Lymph Nodes ; Mass Screening ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Recurrence

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to describe the prevalence of low weight and to investigate related factors contributing to low weight in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: From the database of the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-IV), the researchers selected 2,964 older adults aged over 65. The original study was a population-based epidemiological survey of health and nutrition with a stratified multistage clustered probability design. Data were analyzed using chi2-test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: The prevalence of low weight in older adults was 4.7%. The prevalence of low weight was different according to demographic characteristics. That is, the rate was higher in male elders, older ones, and rural residents. In the cases of current smoking, frequent alcohol consumption and no chronic disease, the prevalence of low weight was higher. Age, gender, area of residence, and current smoking were found to be contributing factors to low weight in community-dwelling older adults. CONCLUSION: The result of this study provides important insights into possible reasons for low weight in community-dwelling older adults and suggests that low weight should be considered in promoting older adults' health.
Adult* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Weight Loss

PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to describe the prevalence of low weight and to investigate related factors contributing to low weight in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS: From the database of the Fourth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES-IV), the researchers selected 2,964 older adults aged over 65. The original study was a population-based epidemiological survey of health and nutrition with a stratified multistage clustered probability design. Data were analyzed using chi2-test and multiple logistic regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: The prevalence of low weight in older adults was 4.7%. The prevalence of low weight was different according to demographic characteristics. That is, the rate was higher in male elders, older ones, and rural residents. In the cases of current smoking, frequent alcohol consumption and no chronic disease, the prevalence of low weight was higher. Age, gender, area of residence, and current smoking were found to be contributing factors to low weight in community-dwelling older adults. CONCLUSION: The result of this study provides important insights into possible reasons for low weight in community-dwelling older adults and suggests that low weight should be considered in promoting older adults' health.
Adult* ; Alcohol Drinking ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Nutrition Surveys ; Prevalence ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Weight Loss