PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the probability of stroke, knowledge of stroke, and health-promoting lifestyle among stroke risk groups. METHOD: A descriptive correlational design was used. Data for 110 patients were analyzed. The probability of stroke was calculated using the Stroke Risk Profile from the Framingham Heart Study (2013), knowledge of stroke was measured using a questionnaire developed by Yoon et al. (2001), and health-promoting lifestyle was measured using the HPLP-II, developed by Walker et al. (1995). RESULTS: The average probability of stroke was 11.74, knowledge of stroke, 67.88, and health-promoting lifestyle, 2.27. Probability of stroke showed significant differences according to gender. Knowledge differed according to patients' salaries. Health-promoting lifestyle showed significant differences according to gender. There were no significant correlations between probability of stroke and knowledge of stroke or probability of stroke and health-promoting lifestyle, but there was a significant correlation between knowledge of stroke and health-promoting lifestyle. CONCLUSION: Results indicate the necessity of active education to increase knowledge related to stroke which will contribute to an increase in health-promoting behaviors and make primary prevention a reality in the reduction of risk of stroke among stroke risk groups.
Education ; Health Behavior ; Heart ; Humans ; Life Style* ; Primary Prevention ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits ; Stroke*

No abstract available.
Arteries* ; Echocardiography ; Fetus* ; Heart ; Humans* ; Mitral Valve* ; Tricuspid Valve*

Fatal complications including cerebral edema and neurologic collapse occur during treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA). A 6-week-old female infant with fever, dehydration and drowsy mental status was diagnosed as DKA and neurologically deteriorated during treatment. The cranial computed tomography scan revealed multifocal brain infarctions of the left caudate nucleus, bilateral frontal periventricular white matter, and right parietal cortex. A moderate amount of hemorrhage was also noted in both lateral ventricles. She recovered rapidly with supportive treatment over time. The clinical course and radiologic findings of this patient emphasize the importance of brain infarction as a cause of persistent neurologic loss in children with DKA.
Brain Edema ; Brain Infarction* ; Brain* ; Caudate Nucleus ; Child ; Dehydration ; Diabetic Ketoacidosis* ; Female ; Fever ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Infant* ; Lateral Ventricles ; Rabeprazole

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine the malignancy risk and diagnostic value of various types of nonshadowing echogenic foci (NEF) in the risk stratification of thyroid nodules. Methods: A total of 1,018 consecutive thyroid nodules (≥1 cm) with final diagnoses were included. The presence of NEF was determined and types of NEF were classified according to the presence of a comet tail artifact (CTA), location, and size through a prospective evaluation. The associations with malignancy, malignancy risk, and diagnostic value of various types of NEF were assessed. Results: Intrasolid punctate NEF without CTA was the only type of NEF that was an independent predictor of malignancy (P<0.001). The malignancy risk of intrasolid punctate NEF without CTA was substantially higher in solid hypoechoic nodules than in isoechoic or nonsolid nodules (71.3% vs. 9.2%, P<0.001). In solid hypoechoic nodules, slightly increased sensitivity (70.8% vs. 67.9%) for malignancy and a similar malignancy risk (71.4% vs. 71.3%) were observed for intrasolid punctate NEF (with or without CTA) and intrasolid punctate NEF without CTA, respectively. NEF with CTA at the margin of the cystic component was not associated with malignancy or benignity in nonsolid nodules (P>0.05). Conclusion Intrasolid punctate NEF without CTA was the only independent predictor of malignancy. However, solid hypoechoic nodules with intrasolid punctate NEF should be classified as high-suspicion nodules regardless of coexisting CTA. Other types of NEF had no added value for detecting malignancy compared to intrasolid punctate NEF without CTA.

No abstract available.
Learning* ; Schools, Medical* ; United States*

PURPOSE: Many studies have revealed that diabetes mellitus (DM) increases a person's lifetime risk of colorectal cancer and that DM is associated with a worse outcome of colon cancer, but this association is controversial. In this study, we intended to examine the relationship between DM and the long-term outcomes of colorectal cancer. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 657 patients who underwent surgery due to colorectal cancer between 1997 and 2004 at Korea Cancer Center Hospital. The operations were done by a single surgeon. With a median follow-up of 4.7 years, we analyzed differences in recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients with DM and those without DM. RESULTS: Of the 657 patients, 374 (57%) were males and 67 (10%) had DM. There was no difference in age at diagnosis, sex and pathologic stage of colorectal cancer according to the presence of DM. There were no difference in the RFS and the OS of colon cancer between the patients with DM and those without DM. At 5 years, the RFS was 71.3% in diabetic patients vs. 70.4% in non-diabetic patients (P = 0.480), and the OS was 68.8% in diabetic patients vs. 75.0% in non-diabetic patients (P = 0.498). There was no difference in the median survival between the groups (9.6 years in the diabetic group vs. 10.6 years in the non-diabetic group; P = 0.495). CONCLUSION: In this study, we did not find any relation between the presence of DM and either the recurrence or the survival in cases of colorectal cancer. More studies to elucidate whether the influence of DM is directly related to a higher rate of cancer recurrence or survival are needed.
Colonic Neoplasms ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

In situ follicular lymphoma is a newly defined entity among the lymphoid neoplasms and is defined as architecturally normal-appearing lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues that have one or more follicles that demonstrate bcl-2 overexpressing centrocytes and centroblasts, with or without a monomorphic cytologic appearance suggestive of follicular lymphoma. Here we present a case of in situ follicular lymphoma diagnosed during the follow-up after a complete response to the treatment of lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's lymphoma. In our case, because only a few germinal centers contained bcl-2 overexpressing cells, we missed the diagnosis of in situ follicular lymphoma in the initial histological examination. We could establish the diagnosis only after performing bcl-2 immunostaining in the sequential biopsy. Therefore, we recommend that careful histological examination along with bcl-2 immunostaining is needed in patients with suspicious clinical findings.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Germinal Center ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoid Tissue ; Lymphoma ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; Precancerous Conditions

PURPOSE: Most treatment decisions for breast cancer patients are based on an assesment of prognostic factors. Tumor markersB (p53, c-erbB2, bcl-2, Cathepsin D) have been evaluated for their prognostic factors and many studies suggest that these factors as assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be helpful for treatment decisions, while the risk group for high relapse can not be discriminated by single tumor marker alone. In order to obtain useful prognostic information, several tumor marker expressions must be combined and weighted. METHODS: The expressions of ER, PR, p53, c-erbB2, bcl-2, Cathepsin D were detected by IHC on paraffin-embedded sections from 449 primary breast cancer patients treated at Seoul National University Hospital between January 1996 and December 1998. In the present study, tumor marker expressions were analyzed along with conventional clinicopathologic factors. Additionally, correlations between various tumor marker expressions were examined and combinations of tumor marker expressions relating pathologic parameters currently in use for primary breast cancer prognosis were investigated. RESULTS: ER, PR, bcl-2, Cathepsin D expressions were related to smaller tumor size and PR was related to less axillary nodal involvement. ER, PR, bcl-2 expressions were related to good NG and HG, while p53 expression wasrelatedto poor NG and HG. ER and PR expression were related to bcl-2 expression, c-erbB2 expression was related to p53 expression and c-erbB2 expression was related to Cathepsin D expression. ER /bcl-2 was more prevalent in NG 1 and HG III tumors. ER /p53 and p53 /bcl-2 were more prevalent in NG 2/3 and HG I/II tumors. p53 /c-erbB2 was more prevalent in NG 1 tumors. CONCLUSION: Combinations of tumor marker expressions ER/bcl-2, ER/p53, p53/c-erbB2, p53/bcl2 provides more detailed information concerning cancer aggressiveness.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Cathepsin D* ; Cathepsins* ; Equidae ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Seoul

A 34-yr-old female was diagnosed as being brain dead. Preoperative ultrasound revealed no abnormal focal lesions. However, the horseshoe kidney was identified during organ harvest. En bloc nephrectomy was performed. The kidney was divided at the midline of isthmus. The divided right kidney was discarded due to numerous arteries and veins. The divided left kidney was transplanted. After declamping, the kidney was well perfused and started clearing. Resistive index was 0.72. Glomerular filtration ratio was 84.69 mL/min on postoperative day 14. The horseshoe kidney can be successfully transplanted and could be a good solution for the shortage of organ donors.
Adult ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney/*abnormalities/ultrasonography ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/diagnosis/*therapy ; Kidney Transplantation/*methods ; *Tissue Donors ; Tissue and Organ Harvesting/*methods ; Treatment Outcome

A 34-yr-old female was diagnosed as being brain dead. Preoperative ultrasound revealed no abnormal focal lesions. However, the horseshoe kidney was identified during organ harvest. En bloc nephrectomy was performed. The kidney was divided at the midline of isthmus. The divided right kidney was discarded due to numerous arteries and veins. The divided left kidney was transplanted. After declamping, the kidney was well perfused and started clearing. Resistive index was 0.72. Glomerular filtration ratio was 84.69 mL/min on postoperative day 14. The horseshoe kidney can be successfully transplanted and could be a good solution for the shortage of organ donors.
Adult ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney/*abnormalities/ultrasonography ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/diagnosis/*therapy ; Kidney Transplantation/*methods ; *Tissue Donors ; Tissue and Organ Harvesting/*methods ; Treatment Outcome