Severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is indicated as severe clinical symptoms,long course of disease,many extrapulmonary complications and the response to conventional therapy is poor.Its incidence has been increasing day by day,the inefficiency of host resistance to m ycoplasma pneumoniae,disorders of immune response and pathogenic immune escape are suggested to play critical roles in the immune mechanism of severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.This paper summarizes the progress of immunopathogenesis of severe pneumoiae pneumonia in children.

Animals ; Chickens ; microbiology ; Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Salmonella ; isolation & purification

The common respiratory pathogens which can cause children kidney disease include bacteria,viru-ses,mycoplasma pneumonia,and so on,the major clinical manifestations of infectious renal injury are glomerular nephri-tis,nephrotic syndrome,interstitial nephritis and renal subclinical glomerulonephritis. Group A β - hemolytic streptococ-cus is the most common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in children(50% - 90% ). Mycoplasma pneumoniae infec-tions and respiratory tract virus - associated renal injury are the important part of kidney disease in children with acute non - streptococcal infection,and comparing with the streptococcal glomerulonephritis,the process and prognosis of my-coplasma and virus infection are relatively better,and the level of blood urine,hypertension and serum complement is lower,with shorter duration and rapid recovery,and the duration of edema and proteinuria in children with nephrotic syndrome is shorter as well. There may be similar genetics and immunology pathogenesis between virus - induced wheezing or asthma and kidney injury in children.

Objective To evaluate the decompression performance of anti pressure ulcer cushions with different materials and structures. Methods The common cotton cushion, sponge cushion, 3D fabric cushion, and upper 3D fabric and lower sponge cushion were analyzed by XSensor pressure sensor testing system. The pressure distribution, the pressure peak and the average pressure were analyzed to compare the decompression performance and the comfortable capability. Results and Conclusion The upper 3D fabric and lower sponge cushion can en-sure the decompression performance with excellent permeability. Both decompression and air comfort permeability should be the future di-rection of ulcer cushions research and production.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of uroflowmetry of specific bladder capacity in the detection of early diabetic cystopathy (DCP). Methods One hundred and nine patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and 48 normal control subjects (control group) were completed the uroflowmetry in bladder capacity about 300 ml. The patients with DM were divided into DM course≥10 years group and DM course<10 years group, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c)≥7%group and HbA1c<7%group according to the course and HbA1c. The volume leading to first bladder sensation, maximal flow rate (MFR) and average flow rate (AFR) of bladder capacity about 300 ml, and residual urine volume afteremptyingwere measured by uroflowmetry. Results Among the 109 patients with DM, 74 cases (DCP group) had residual urine, and the incidence of DCP was 67.89% (74/109). Thirty-five cases (no-DCP group) had no residual urine. In control group, 8 cases had residual urine. The MFR and AFR in DCP group and no-DCP group were significantly lower than those in control group: (14.44 ± 5.90) and (17.38 ± 5.93) ml/s vs. (23.73 ± 5.81) ml/s, (9.52 ± 4.97) and (10.38 ± 4.46) ml/s vs. (15.88 ± 4.95) ml/s, and the MFR and AFR in DCP group were significantly lower than those in no-DCP group;the residual urine volume in DCP group was significantly higher than that in no-DCP group and control group: 26 (15 - 40) ml vs. 0 and 0 (0 - 51) ml, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MFR and AFR in DM course ≥ 10 years group (27 cases) and DM course < 10 years group (82 cases) were significantly lower than those in control group:(13.34 ± 5.48) and (16.07 ± 6.09) ml/s vs. (23.73 ± 5.81) ml/s, (8.62 ± 3.28) and (10.19 ± 4.96) ml/s vs. (15.88 ± 4.95) ml/s, and the residual urine volume was significantly higher than that in control group:18 (0-75) and 15 (0-30) ml vs. 0 (0-51) ml. The MFR in DM course ≥ 10 years group was significantly lower than that in DM course< 10 years group, and the residual urine volume was significantly higher than that in DM course < 10 years group. There were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MFR and AFR in HbA1c≥7%group (92 cases) and HbA1c<7% group (17 cases) were significantly lower than those in control group: (15.51 ± 5.98) and (15.53 ± 6.60) ml/s vs. (23.73 ± 5.81) ml/s, (9.92 ± 4.74) and (9.88 ± 4.72) ml/s vs. (15.88 ± 4.95) ml/s, and the residual urine volume was significantly higher than that in control group: 17 (0 - 35) and 0 (0 - 24) ml vs. 0 (0 - 51) ml. There were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences between HbA1c ≥ 7% group and HbA1c < 7% group (P>0.05). There were no statistical differences in volume leading to first bladder sensation (P>0.05). Conclusions MFR decrease detected with the technology of uroflowmetry specific bladder capacity may be widely used in screening early DCP.

Objective To investigate the effects of different carrier gases on the performance of Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporizer. Methods Forty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia with desflurane were enrolled in this study. The age ranged from 37-67 years(mean age 60 years) and body weight from 46-75kg(mean body weight 59.6kg). After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation anesthesia was maintained with desflurane. The fresh gas flow(FGF) rate of Ohmeda 210 anesthesia machine was maintained at 5.0L/min and vaporizer dial was set at 6% or 3% . The inspired Concentration of desflurane(FIdes) was analyzed by a Datex ULT-V Capnomac. Five different carrier gases were used:(1) 100%O2;(2) 70% O2 + 30%N2O;(3) 30% O2 + 70%N2O;(4) 70% O2 + 30% N2;(5)30% O2 + 70% N2. There was an interval of 10 mm between two different carrier gases and 40 samples were analyzed for each carrier gas. Results Different carrier gases markedly affected the outflow of Tec6 desflurane vaporizer. The inspired concentration of desflurane decreased significantly with the decrease in oxygen concentration of FGF. Nitrous oxide affected FIdes more significantly than nitrogen at the same concentration of oxygen. Conclusions The oxygen and nitrous oxide concentration of carrier gas affects the inspired concentration of desflurane when Ohmeda Tec6 desflurane vaporized is used.

The authors introduce the items,scores,reliability,validity,the differences between the Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test Second Edition(RBMT-Ⅱ) and RBMT-Ⅰand characteristics of the RBMT-Ⅱ(2003).RBMT-Ⅱ is more practicable in clinical than general standard memory tests,it is good for clinical rehabilitation.

Objective To observe the effect of erythropoietin(EPO)on apoptosis and glycogen synthase kinase-3?(GSK-3?)level in newborn rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD).Methods Thirty 7-day-old neonatal rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:sham-operated group,hypoxic-ischemic(HI)group and EPO group.Rats in HI group and EPO group were subjected to left common carotid artery ligation,and then they were exposed to 80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen gas in the sealed containers of 37 ℃ for up to 2.5 hours to establish HIBD models.EPO was injected intraperitoneally into the EPO group rats after operation,Solution was injected into the first 2 groups.All rats were killed at the 24 hours after operations,The apoptosis was identified and analyzed by flow cytometry.The level of GSK-3? was detected by enzyme-linked immumosorbent assay.Results The neuronal apoptosis and GSK-3? content in the cortex and hippocampus tissue in HI group were significantly higher than those in the sham-operated group(Pa

Humans ; Oral Medicine ; Proteomics

Internal limiting membrane ( ILM) peeling is commonly used in the operation of idiopathic macular hole ( IMH ) surgery. The success of ILM peeling has been greatly improved with the assistance of vital dyes. Currently, several kinds of vital dyes such as indocyanine green ( ICG ) , brilliant blue G ( BBG ) are applied in the ILM staining. However, all of the vital dyes have potential toxicity and side effects on the retina. In recent years, many kinds of dyes and staining improved emerge in endlessly. This paper reports the progress in the application of different colorants in the operation of IMH.