AlM: To understand the prognostic factors of myopic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment ( RRD) surgery, and provide guidance for clinical treatment.
METHODS: This retrospective study included 288 myopic RRD eyes ( excluding trauma, aphakia, congenital diseases, tractional and exudative retinal detachment ) from April 2007 to April 2014 in our department. The surgical anatomic reduction situation was statistically recorded, the effects of hole's size, retinal detachment duration on sight restoration and surgery success rate were analyzed
RESULTS:The statistical results showed that 245 eyes (85. 1%) healed after their first operation, about 95. 1%cases finally healed after their second or third operation. The degree of myopia and aging factor influenced the RRD operation:the higher degree and the older age were, the lower success rates were (P<0. 05). Through surgery, postoperative visual acuity was significantly better than the preoperative ones ( P<0. 01 ). A higher degree of myopia RRD led to poor visual acuity ( P < 0. 01 ). Postoperative visual acuity of 152 eyes ( 52. 9%) were improved, of which 106 eyes' visual acuity was 0. 05 or more.
CONCLUSlON:Surgery is an effective means of treating myopic RRD. The older patients have lower success rates. A higher degree of myopia led lower reset rate after retinal detachment surgery and poor postoperative visual acuity. When treat myopic RRD, we should pay attention to the recovery of visual function.

Osteoclast, a huge coenocytes,originates from mononuclear macrophages or monocytic series hematopoietic precursor cell, plays an important role in the progree of bone resorption. Formation and abnormal activity of osteoclast may cause osteoprosis, rheumatoid arthritis and aseptic loosening after arthroplasty. Therefore, osteoclast is the target for treating these disease. At present, a lot of study on formation of osteoclast were reported, but the study on how to identify and degradation of bone tissue is not yet reported. Bone mineral are seen as important component of identifing osteoclast, and the research suggested that bone matrix is not the essential ingredients of activiting osteoclast, petri dish covered by vitronectin also can make osteoclast occure certain form of bone resorption, vitronectin plays an significant role in activiting osteoclast. Otherwise, the research found that swallowing and secretion of bone matrix degradation products is benefit for differentiation of osteoclast and maintain of function, and this may be therapeutic target for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.
Animals ; Bone Matrix ; metabolism ; Bone Resorption ; Humans ; Osteoclasts ; physiology

Objective To evaluate the impact of 1125 seeds para-tracheal braehytherapy on regional tissue injury in rab-bit models. Methods 42 rabbits were randomized into 7 groups. Group 1 to 6 belong to study groups (in which 1,4,5 and 6 belong to "dose gradient" subgroup, while 2,3 and 4 to "chronologic" subgroup) , while the last group acts as negative con-trol. The activity of seeds in study group were 0.3 mCi in group 1, 0.5 mCi in group 2 to 5, 0.7 mCi in group 5, and 0.9mCi in group 6. False seeds (0 mCi) were used for the negative control. 4 seeds with equal dosage were implanted between trachea and esophagus in each rabbit under general anesthesia. Seeds arrangement was made according to Paris principle. For the tissue injury evaluation, group 2 was sacrificed by the end of first month post-operatively, group 3 at the end of the second month, and group 4 end of the third month. The rest of rabbits were also sacrificed at the end of the third month. Pieces of adjacent e-sophagus and trachea were sampled from each rabbit. Tissue injury features such as inflammation, edema, congestion or fibrosis as evaluated histologically. Results All rabbits were healthy during study period except 5. Histological analysis revealed that trachea samples from all groups had lymphocytas and plasma cells infiltration as signs of chronic inflammation, hut fibrosis was nut clearly visible. There were no differences between study and control groups with respect to inflammation, edema and con-gestion scores. But in groups which received the highest doses of radiation or sacrificed at 60 d showed more eosinophil infiltra-tion and epithelum degeneration, and statistical significance was reached between these groups and control. Esophageal samples had less histological changes compared with trachea. Conclusion Para-tracheal implantation of ~(125)Ⅰ seeds with therapeutic or higher dosage only induce minor and reversible damage to the regional tissue. This implies that ~(125)Ⅰ implants adjacent to trachea or esophagus are clinically safe.

Objective To evaluate multi-detector computed tomography(MDCT)features of lung cancer associated with cystic airspace,and to improve diagnostic accuracy.Methods 21 pathologically or clinically confirmed lung cancer associated with cystic airspace were retrospectively analyzed with regard to clinical data,pathological types and TNM stage,SUMmax and MDCT features.For dynamic follow-up CT scans,the lesion dynamic change was evaluated.Results There were 21 cases (1 1 adenocarcinoma,6 squamous carcinoma)in total. The lesion was predominant cysts in 2 cases(9.52%),cysts with GGO mixed lesions in 3 cases(14.29%),cysts with solid mixed lesions in 14 cases(66.67%),cysts with GGO and solid mixed lesions in 2 cases(9.52%).Four morphological patterns,20 cases had solid nodules,solid nodule protruding externally from the cyst wall was in 5 cases (23.81%),solid nodule protruding internally from the cyst wall was in 1 case (4.76%),solid tissue intermixed within clusters of cysts was in 14 cases(66.67%),the lesion presenting as circumferential thickening of the cyst wall was in 1 case (4.76%).The frequency of following features accounted for more than 60% of all MDCT signs,including round shape (66.67%),lobulation (80.95%),blood vessel passing through the cyst (76.1 9%),pleural indentation (80.95%);while the frequency of multiple cysts,irregular inner wall and septum in cyst in 19 lesions(90.48%)was more than 90%.With respect to the relationship between lesion and bronchus,bronchus passing through the cyst was the most common sign,accounting for 38.10%(8/21).Average CT enhancement value was 28.27 HU±7.27 HU(range 14.2-40 HU).Average SUVmax was 6.05(range 4.5-9.8),indicating marked FDG uptake.Two lesions manifested as progressive wall thickening and increased size of the cyst,and one lesion showed decreased size of the cyst and enlarged nodules in follow up CT.Conclusion The irregular inner wall,septum in cyst and blood vessel passing through the cyst are the most three important signs for the diagnosis of malignant lesions.

Stroke is a common neurological diseases with high morbidity,high mortality and high morbidity characteristics,which brings great suffer and economic burden to the patients and families,and has become an important research topic in contemporary medical profession.Treatment directly affects the prognosis of patients with cerebral infarction,and thus it is very important to find the most effective treatments and methods.Currently,thrombolytic therapy in acute cerebral infarction have carried out a large number of experimental studies,and achieved good results.This paper reviewed the thrombolytic therapy in acute cerebral infarctionincluding the time window,methods and drugs of thrombolysis,and the influencing factors of outcomes were also summarized and discussed.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of CT target scanning combining with changing position for pulmonary nodules in special location .Methods CT target scanning combining with changing position was performed in 22 patients with pulmo‐nary nodules adjacent to heart or in posterior costophrenic angle ,which were found with routine spiral CT scanning .For objective analysis , the signal‐noise‐ratio (SNR) and contrast‐noise‐ratio (CNR) of lung were calculated .In terms of subjective assessment ,the image quality was rated on a 3‐point scale (0-2) for pulmonary inflation ,gravity‐dependent pulmonary perfusion and severity of artifacts , respectively .The CT features of pulmonary nodules were compared between different scanning techniques .Moreover ,the diagnostic confidence for pulmonary nodules was evaluated .The paired t test ,Wilcoxon signed‐rank test and Kappa test were used for statisti‐cal analysis .Results In comparison with conventional spiral CT scanning ,CT target scanning combining with changing position im‐proved the subjective image quality scores (P<0 .01) ,increased the signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) , showed more detailed CT features (P<0 .05) ,and improved the confidence of diagnosis (P<0 .01) .Conclusion CT target scanning combining with changing position technique can show detailed features ,which should be recommended as the optimal scanning tech‐nique for pulmonary nodules adjacent to heart or in posterior costophrenic angle .

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical application of multi-modality magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluating the response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC).Methods:A total of 36 IBC patients were enrolled in the study.The morphological, hemodynamic and diffusion-weighted imaging features of MRI were analyzed. Eleven patients underwent MRI examination before and after NAT. The imaging changes were analyzed and the efficacy of NACT was evaluated.Results:There were 38 identified breast carcinoma in these 36 cases, among which abnormal skin thickening and enhancement, extensive edema was found in 37 breast lesions. Enhancement of breast lesions in 25 cases was non-mass-like enhancement. Diffusion limitation was found in all lesions. The number of vessels in affected side was more than that in healthy side in MIP images. Thirty three cases had axillary lymph node enlargement.The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in evaluating residual breast tumors and vascular thrombus were high, but the evaluation of axillary lymph nodes was relatively low.Conclusions:Multi-modal MRI can be used for early and accurate diagnosis of IBC. It can also be used to predict and evaluate the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The study aims to investigate the embryo-fetus development toxicity of the novel PPAR-δ agonist HS060098 on SD rats. The pregnant rats that were randomly divided into the solvent control group (1% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose water solution) and HS060098 suspension groups (10, 30 and 100 mg x kg(-1) xd(-1)) were orally administered with HS060098 suspension or vehicle during the gestation of 6 -15 days (GD6-15). At termination (GD20), female rats were sacrificed. The pregnant females were evaluated by corpora lutea count, implantation sites, existence and death of embryos. Fetal sex, weight, externals, variations and malformations of viscus and skeleton were observed. The results show that there were no significant abnormality in maternal general conditions and fetal appearance as well as viscera, but in the 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) group, the maternal weight gain decreased greatly (P < 0.01) and the skeletal ossification delayed remarkably (P < 0.01); in the 30 mg x kg(-1) xd(-1) group, the fatal and litter number of incompletely ossified sternebrae II was higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05); the skeletal malformations occurred in all dose groups, which indicate that the novel PPAR-δ agonist HS060098 had maternal toxicity and adversely effected fetal skeletal development under the experimental conditions.
Animals ; Bone and Bones ; drug effects ; Embryonic Development ; drug effects ; Female ; Fetal Weight ; PPAR delta ; agonists ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Toxicity Tests

ObjectiveTo evaluate thd cell biologic changes in thd non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) which PTEN gene were activated by double-stranded RNA(dsRNA).MethodsSpecific dsRNA was designed.First,the promoter region of PTEN gene was determined by Promoter 2.0 program,then the CpG island in the promoter was found by CpGisland searcher software and the possible target non-CpG sequence that dsRNA might activate were defined by SiRNA Target Finder software.dsRNA were synthesized at Genechem Company( Shanghai,China).Then the specific dsRNA was transfected into A549 and H292 cells which were stored in our laboratory using Lipofectamine 2000 ( Invitrogen,USA) according to manufacture's instruction.Total celluar RNA was isolated.The expression of PTEN mRNA in transfected,control and mock group were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Cell profiferation was investigated on days 1 to 5 by using Cell Counting Kit-8 according to the manufature's technical manual.Cell invasion ability was assessed by Transwell method that transmembrane cells were counted,and cell bycle distribution were studied by flow cytometer(FCM) using CycleTESTTM PLUS DNA Reagent Kit.ResultsAfter the introduction of dsRNA into the A549 cells,the PTEN mRNA expressin was upregulated to (4.35 ±0.42) folds compared with the mock and control cells.And in H292 cells,the mRNA expression of PTEN was upregulated to (3.92 ± 0.20) folds.It confirmed the RNA activation phenomenon in the PTEN gene in NSCLC cells.Compared with the control group,the number of alive transfected cells did not decreased in the cell proliferation assay.In the cell invasion test we found that the transmembrane A549 cells were 122.4 ±11.2 vs.150.7 ±13.1 in transfected group and control group respectively.In the cell cycle distribution we found dsRNA in duced part ofthe transfected cells arrested in G1 phase and a corresponding decrease in S-phase population was observed,though this change was not statistically significant.Conclusion The expression of PTEN mRNA could by enhanced by inducing the specific dsRNA into the A549 and H292 cells,though no evidence was found that after the activation of silenced PTEN,the cell proliferation and invasion ability were significantly changed.

Objective To investigate the influence of retinoic acid receptor (RAR-α,RAR-β and RAR-γ)-mediated all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on renal tissue cell proliferation and apoptosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy,and to analysze the possible mechanism. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group (group N,n=10) and diabetic model group (n=20).Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin(STZ) injection.After successful modeling,the model rats were randomly divided into diabetes group (group D,n=10) and ATRA treatment group (group T,n=10).Rats in group T received ATRA 10 mg·kg-1·d-1 by gavage from the 2nd day of successful modeling for 8 or 12 weeks,meanwhile group N and group D received same volume distilled water.In each group,5 rats were sacrificed respectively at the 8th week or the 12th week,then biochemical markers were measured and kidney pathology was examined.Apoptosis index(AI)of renal tissue cells of each group was tested by TUNEL.The expressions of RAR-α,RAR-β and RAR-γ in renal tissues were tested using indirect immunofluorescence.The expressions of type Ⅰ collagen and laminin as proliferation indicators,along with Smac and caspase-3 as the correlated factors of apoptosis in renal tissue of each group were tested by immunohistochemistry staining.The mRNA expressions of Smac and caspase-3 were tested using real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results Compared with group N,24 h urine protein,serum creatinine,blood urea nitrogen,ratio of kidney weight/body weight increased significantly (P＜0.05,respectively) in group D,and further increased with observation time.Compared with the group D,24 h urine protein and ratio of kidney weight/body weight decreased in group T (P＜0.05,respectively).Compared with group D,the group T presented minor pathological changes.TUNEL assay indicated that compared with group N,the group D showed an obvious increase in renal cell apoptosis in time-dependent manner,and the group T showed a decrease compared with the group D (P＜0.01,respectively).Compared with group N,the expression of RAR-α and RAR-β positive cells number in group D were decreased (P＜0.01,respectively).Compared with group D,the expression of RAR-α and BAR-β positive cells number in group T increased (P＜0.01,respectively).Renal tissues of each group did not show expressions of RAR-γ.After 12 weeks,compared with group N,expressions of type-Ⅰ collagen,laminin,Smac and caspase-3 protein in the glomerular mesangial area and basement membrane of renal tissues in group D increased significantly (P＜0.01,respectively),and enhanced with time.Compared with the group D,expressions of type Ⅰ collagen,laminin,Smac and caspase-3 protein in group T decreased (P＜0.01,respectively).Compared with the group N,group D had an obvious increase in the mRNA expressions of Smac and caspase-3,and a significantly decrease in group T (P＜0.01,respectively). Conclusions ATRA may prevent the cell proliferation and apoptosis in diabetic renal tissue through its receptor-mediated pathway,and may protect rats against diabetic nephropathy.